Deck 3: Respiratory System

Question 1

The hereditary disease process characterized by the excretion of viscous mucus blocking the air passages is

A) cystic fibrosis
B) histoplasmosis
C) pneumonia
D) pleurisy

Answer 1

cystic fibrosis

Question 2

The lower respiratory system consists of the

A) oropharynx, bronchi, and bronchioles
B) trachea, nasopharynx, and alveoli
C) trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles
D) larynx, trachea, and bronchi

Answer 2

trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles

Question 3

The serous membrane lining that adheres to the chest wall is the

A) parietal viscera
B) visceral pleura
C) parietal pleura
D) serous fibrous pleura

Answer 3

parietal pleura

Question 4

Which of the following complications may occur as a result of central venous catheter insertion or misplacement?
(1)Pneumothorax.
(2)Air embolism.
(3)Puncture of the subclavian artery.

A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1 and 3 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3

Question 5

The newborn who experiences underaeration of the lungs resulting from a lack of surfactant has

A) cystic fibrosis
B) hyaline membrane disease
C) croup
D) pneumonia

Question 6

External respiration takes place within the

A) bronchi
B) bronchioles
C) alveoli
D) trachea

Question 7

What image is obtained to verify the correct placement of a central venous catheter?

A) Chest radiograph.
B) KUB.
C) Soft tissue neck.
D) All of these.

Question 8

Croup is a(n)

A) viral infection of the subglottic region of the trachea
B) infection involving the pleural lining of the lung
C) bronchial spasm narrowing the bronchi
D) trapping of air in the alveolar sacs

Question 9

For what purpose is a chest radiograph obtained after endotracheal tube insertion?

A) To check for pneumonia.
B) To ensure proper placement/position.
C) To check for puncture of the trachea.
D) All of these are reasons to obtain a chest radiograph after endotracheal tube insertion.

Question 10

The thin-walled sac where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged with the blood in the pulmonary circulatory system is a(n)

A) bronchiole
B) alveolus
C) tertiary bronchus
D) alveolar duct

Question 11

The trachea is

A) a noncollapsible tubular structure of C-shaped cartilage
B) a boxlike structure consisting of nine pieces of cartilage
C) connected to the nasopharynx superiorly
D) a noncollapsible tubular structure of oval-shaped cartilage

Question 12

Which type of internal device is used for measurements of cardiac output and pulmonary capillary wedge and central venous pressures?

A) Endotracheal tube.
B) Swan-Ganz catheter.
C) Central venous catheter.
D) Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC).

Question 13

The lung disease that is a highly volatile microbe because of its ease of transmission and high fatality rate is

A) coccidioidomycosis
B) histoplasmosis
C) anthrax
D) epiglottitis

Question 14

The blood supply to nourish and support lung tissue is the

A) low-pressure system
B) pulmonary circulation
C) bronchial circulation
D) low-resistance system

Question 15

What result can occur when an endotracheal tube is positioned too high?

A) Pneumothorax.
B) Pneumomediastinum.
C) Left lung atelectasis.
D) Aspiration pneumonia.

Question 16

Which type of internal device is used for chemotherapy and long-term venous access?

A) Endotracheal tube.
B) Swan-Ganz catheter.
C) Central venous catheter.
D) Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC).

Question 17

Viral and fungal infections causing a thickened interstitium appearing on CT as a "honeycomb lung" is

A) aspiration pneumonia
B) coccidioidomycosis
C) pleurisy
D) interstitial pneumonia

Question 18

What is a common result of an endotracheal tube that is positioned too low and into the right main stem bronchus?

A) Pneumothorax.
B) Pneumomediastinum.
C) Left lung atelectasis.
D) Right main stem bronchus puncture.

Question 19

An inflammatory exudate caused by pneumococcus causing the affected lung to appear solid is called

A) alveolar pneumonia
B) viral pneumonia
C) bronchopneumonia
D) interstitial pneumonia

Question 20

Swelling of the epiglottic tissue commonly caused by the flu is

A) croup
B) epiglottitis
C) pleurisy
D) pneumonia

Question 21

Pulmonary metastatic disease most commonly originates from a carcinoma in the

A) brain
B) prostate
C) breast
D) spine

Question 22

The disease that attacks the lower respiratory system causing necrosis of the respiratory epithelium of the bronchi and bronchioles leading to bronchiolitis is called

A) respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
B) pulmonary mycosis
C) anthrax
D) pneumoconiosis

Question 23

Histoplasmosis and coccidioidomycosis are examples of

A) pneumonia
B) pulmonary mycoses
C) lung abscesses
D) pneumoconiosis

Question 24

The Coronavirus of unknown origin that causes upper and lower respiratory infections that begin with a nonproductive cough is

A) respiratory syncytial virus
B) severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
C) adult respiratory distress syndrome
D) idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome

Question 25

Squamous carcinoma typically arises from the _____ causing gradual narrowing of the bronchial lumen.

A) major central bronchi
B) glandular structures
C) pleural lining
D) lung parenchyma

Question 26

The hallmark of pulmonary overinflation in cases of emphysema is

A) flattened diaphragms
B) widened mediastinum
C) calcification of the hilar region
D) pleural effusion

Question 27

The most common malignant lung neoplasm arising from the mucosa of the bronchial tree is

A) squamous carcinoma
B) bronchogenic carcinoma
C) adenocarcinoma
D) bronchiolar carcinoma

Question 28

Coccidioidomycosis is

A) caused by fungal exposure
B) an example of pulmonary mycosis
C) caused by viral exposure
D) A and B

Question 29

A crippling and debilitating condition resulting from trapped air causing a loss of elasticity in the alveoli is called

A) bronchitis
B) asthma
C) emphysema
D) pneumoconiosis

Question 30

Sharply circumscribed encapsulation of the tuberculosis bacilli is known as a(n)

A) anthrax
B) lung abscess
C) necrosis
D) tuberculoma

Question 31

Inflammation caused by bacillus (mycobacterium)resulting in lesions (or cavities)that may calcify and are usually found in the apices is known as

A) tuberculosis
B) bronchogenic carcinoma
C) pneumonia
D) cystic fibrosis

Question 32

Common allergens causing a widespread narrowing of the airways are

A) histoplasmosis
B) bronchitis
C) pneumonia
D) asthma

Question 33

Rod-shaped bacteria that have a waxy coat permitting existence outside the host for long periods cause

A) bacterial pneumonia
B) chronic bronchitis
C) tuberculosis
D) bronchopneumonia

Question 34

Chronic histoplasmosis has a radiographic appearance similar to

A) pneumonia
B) pneumoconiosis
C) tuberculosis
D) pleural effusion

Question 35

Silicosis is a type of

A) pulmonary mycosis
B) tuberculosis
C) pneumoconiosis
D) COPD

Question 36

Prolonged exposure to quartz dust found in the earth's crust causes

A) pneumoconiosis
B) anthracosis
C) silicosis
D) asbestosis

Question 37

The general term used to describe obstruction of the airways leading to an ineffective exchange of respiratory gases is

A) pulmonary mycosis
B) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
C) pneumoconiosis
D) severe acute respiratory syndrome

Question 38

A lung abscess is a(n)

A) necrotic area containing purulent material
B) encapsulated area containing water
C) fungus settled in the lung parenchyma
D) none of the above

Question 39

Asbestos fibers cause major fibrosis resulting in

A) pleural effusion
B) pulmonary edema
C) black lung
D) pleural plaques

Question 40

Inhaled foreign substances retained permanently in the acini causing irreversible damage is

A) pneumonia
B) pneumoconiosis
C) bronchitis
D) pulmonary mycosis

Question 41

The posterior mediastinum is the location of

A) lymph node disorders
B) aneurysms of the descending aorta
C) bronchogenic cysts
D) teratomas

Question 42

Match the following acronyms related to lung diseases.
IRDS

A)Bronchial epithelial necrosis leading to bronchitis
B)Coronavirus causing upper and lower respiratory infections
C)Life-threatening respiratory issues related to a variety of medical and surgical disorders
D)One of the most common causes of respiratory distress in newborn

Question 43

Thrombi that develop in the deep venous system of the lower extremity and are trapped in the lung circulation are

A) alveolar emboli
B) pulmonary emboli
C) bronchial emboli
D) pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas

Question 44

Which contains active disease and carries the danger of breaking down and disseminating the disease?

A) Tuberculoma.
B) Pneumococcal nidus.
C) Granuloma.
D) Ghon lesion.

Question 45

A condition of diminished air within the lung associated with reduced lung volume is

A) adult respiratory distress syndrome
B) atelectasis
C) pleural effusion
D) septic embolism

Question 46

Permanent abnormal dilation of one or more large bronchi as a result of destruction of the elastic and muscular components of the bronchial wall defines

A) atelectasis
B) bronchiectasis
C) emphysema
D) asthma

Question 47

The earliest sign of this disease process is blunting of the normal sharp angle between the diaphragm and the rib cage.

A) Pneumothorax.
B) Pleurisy.
C) Pulmonary emboli.
D) Pleural effusion.

Question 48

Thymoma is a lesion in the _____ mediastinum.

A) anterior
B) lateral
C) posterior
D) superior

Question 49

Air in the cavity surrounding the lung is known as

A) pleural effusion
B) atelectasis
C) pneumothorax
D) hemothorax

Question 50

Match the following terms related to types of pneumonia.
Interstitial pneumonia

A)Esophageal or gastric contents in the lung cause pneumonia
B)Pneumococcal infection causing affected lung to appear solid
C)Staphylococcal infection originating in the bronchi or bronchial mucosa
D)Viral or fungal infection preponderantly in the alveoli

Question 51

An air/fluid level within an encapsulated,opaque mass is seen on a chest radiograph.Which respiratory disease demonstrates this characteristic?

A) Tuberculosis.
B) Pulmonary metastasis.
C) Lung abscess.
D) SARS.

Question 52

Match the following terms related to types of pneumonia.
Aspiration pneumonia

A)Esophageal or gastric contents in the lung cause pneumonia
B)Pneumococcal infection causing affected lung to appear solid
C)Staphylococcal infection originating in the bronchi or bronchial mucosa
D)Viral or fungal infection preponderantly in the alveoli

Question 53

The Ghon lesion is an image characteristic of

A) atelectasis
B) tuberculosis
C) bronchogenic carcinoma
D) pneumococcal pneumonia

Question 54

Stomach,thyroid,and pancreas carcinomas metastasize to the lung by

A) hematogenous spread
B) lymphangitic spread
C) direct connection
D) none of the above

Question 55

To best demonstrate pulmonary emboli,the noninvasive modality of choice is

A) high-resolution CT
B) nuclear medicine lung scan
C) Doppler ultrasound
D) PET lung scan

Question 56

Match the following terms related to types of pneumonia.
Alveolar pneumonia

A)Esophageal or gastric contents in the lung cause pneumonia
B)Pneumococcal infection causing affected lung to appear solid
C)Staphylococcal infection originating in the bronchi or bronchial mucosa
D)Viral or fungal infection preponderantly in the alveoli

Question 57

Match the following acronyms related to lung diseases.
ARDS

A)Bronchial epithelial necrosis leading to bronchitis
B)Coronavirus causing upper and lower respiratory infections
C)Life-threatening respiratory issues related to a variety of medical and surgical disorders
D)One of the most common causes of respiratory distress in newborn

Question 58

Infected fluid in the pleural cavity is a(n)

A) pleural effusion
B) empyema
C) lung abscess
D) atelectasis

Question 59

A rare congenital abnormality in which one diaphragm is poorly developed and too weak to permit abdominal contents' upward movement is

A) diaphragmatic paralysis
B) obesity
C) ascites
D) eventration

Question 60

Match the following terms related to types of pneumonia.
Bronchopneumonia

A)Esophageal or gastric contents in the lung cause pneumonia
B)Pneumococcal infection causing affected lung to appear solid
C)Staphylococcal infection originating in the bronchi or bronchial mucosa
D)Viral or fungal infection preponderantly in the alveoli

Question 61

Match the following terms related to lung pathologic conditions.
Pulmonary mycosis

A)Air into the tissue
B)Exposure to particulates in the occupational setting
C)Lung disease caused by a fungal infection
D)Obstructive airway condition causing ineffective gas exchange

Question 62

Match the following terms related to pulmonary neoplasms.
Granuloma

A)Arises from the mucosa of the bronchi
B)Bulky enlargement of the hilar nodes
C)Central dense or popcorn calcification
D)Originate in the glandular structures of the bronchi

Question 63

Match the disorder to the proper mediastinal location.(You may use each answer more than once.)
Lymph node disorders

A)Anterior mediastinum
B)Middle mediastinum
C)Posterior mediastinum

Question 64

Match the following terms related to pulmonary neoplasms.
Bronchial adenoma

A)Arises from the mucosa of the bronchi
B)Bulky enlargement of the hilar nodes
C)Central dense or popcorn calcification
D)Originate in the glandular structures of the bronchi

Question 65

Match the following terms related to pneumoconioses.
Silicosis

A)Inhalation of high concentrations of coal dust
B)Long,thin fibers producing major fibrosis of the lung found in building materials
C)Most common pneumoconiosis results from inhalation of silica dioxides

Question 66

Match the following terms related to pulmonary neoplasms.
Small cell carcinoma

A)Arises from the mucosa of the bronchi
B)Bulky enlargement of the hilar nodes
C)Central dense or popcorn calcification
D)Originate in the glandular structures of the bronchi

Question 67

Match the following terms related to pneumoconioses.
Asbestosis

A)Inhalation of high concentrations of coal dust
B)Long,thin fibers producing major fibrosis of the lung found in building materials
C)Most common pneumoconiosis results from inhalation of silica dioxides

Question 68

Match the following acronyms related to lung diseases.
RSV

A)Bronchial epithelial necrosis leading to bronchitis
B)Coronavirus causing upper and lower respiratory infections
C)Life-threatening respiratory issues related to a variety of medical and surgical disorders
D)One of the most common causes of respiratory distress in newborn

Question 69

Match the disorder to the proper mediastinal location.(You may use each answer more than once.)
Aneurysms

A)Anterior mediastinum
B)Middle mediastinum
C)Posterior mediastinum

Question 70

Match the disorder to the proper mediastinal location.(You may use each answer more than once.)
Thymoma

A)Anterior mediastinum
B)Middle mediastinum
C)Posterior mediastinum

Question 71

Match the following terms related to pulmonary neoplasms.
Bronchogenic carcinoma

A)Arises from the mucosa of the bronchi
B)Bulky enlargement of the hilar nodes
C)Central dense or popcorn calcification
D)Originate in the glandular structures of the bronchi

Question 72

Match the following acronyms related to lung diseases.
SARS

A)Bronchial epithelial necrosis leading to bronchitis
B)Coronavirus causing upper and lower respiratory infections
C)Life-threatening respiratory issues related to a variety of medical and surgical disorders
D)One of the most common causes of respiratory distress in newborn

Question 73

Match the following terms related to lung pathologic conditions.
Emphysema

A)Air into the tissue
B)Exposure to particulates in the occupational setting
C)Lung disease caused by a fungal infection
D)Obstructive airway condition causing ineffective gas exchange

Question 74

Match the disorder to the proper mediastinal location.(You may use each answer more than once.)
Lipoma

A)Anterior mediastinum
B)Middle mediastinum
C)Posterior mediastinum

Question 75

Match the disorder to the proper mediastinal location.(You may use each answer more than once.)
Neurogenic cysts

A)Anterior mediastinum
B)Middle mediastinum
C)Posterior mediastinum

Question 76

Match the following terms related to lung pathologic conditions.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

A)Air into the tissue
B)Exposure to particulates in the occupational setting
C)Lung disease caused by a fungal infection
D)Obstructive airway condition causing ineffective gas exchange

Question 77

Match the disorder to the proper mediastinal location.(You may use each answer more than once.)
Bronchogenic cysts

A)Anterior mediastinum
B)Middle mediastinum
C)Posterior mediastinum

Question 78

Match the following terms related to lung pathologic conditions.
Pneumoconiosis

A)Air into the tissue
B)Exposure to particulates in the occupational setting
C)Lung disease caused by a fungal infection
D)Obstructive airway condition causing ineffective gas exchange

Question 79

Match the disorder to the proper mediastinal location.(You may use each answer more than once.)
Pericardial cysts

A)Anterior mediastinum
B)Middle mediastinum
C)Posterior mediastinum

Question 80

Match the following terms related to pneumoconioses.
Anthracosis

A)Inhalation of high concentrations of coal dust
B)Long,thin fibers producing major fibrosis of the lung found in building materials
C)Most common pneumoconiosis results from inhalation of silica dioxides