Deck 12: Miscellaneous Diseases

Question 1

Which of the following is characteristic of a vitamin A deficiency?

A) Peripheral neuropathy.
B) Night blindness.
C) Bleeding gums.
D) Vomiting and severe diarrhea.

Answer 1

Night blindness.

Question 2

A coenzyme that is essential for carbohydrate metabolism and promotes growth and maintains muscle tone and heart function is

A) pellagra
B) ascorbic acid
C) retinol
D) thiamine

Answer 2

thiamine

Question 3

If a patient is suspected to suffer from scurvy,which of the following radiographs would demonstrate signs of this disease?

A) A chest x-ray.
B) X-ray of skeletal long bones.
C) A complete upper and lower GI series.
D) Sonography is best for demonstrating the effects of scurvy.

Answer 3

X-ray of skeletal long bones.

Question 4

Which of the following results from a deficiency in thiamine?

A) Beriberi.
B) Scurvy.
C) Rickets.
D) Pellagra.

Question 5

Another name for vitamin A is

A) thiamine
B) niacin
C) riboflavin
D) retinol

Question 6

The B and C vitamins are categorized as

A) inorganic
B) water soluble
C) fossil fuels
D) fat soluble

Question 7

Vitamins are synthesized by

A) freshwater fish
B) warm-blooded animals
C) plants
D) bone marrow

Question 8

Vitamin B₁ is also known as

A) ascorbic acid
B) thiamine
C) riboflavin
D) pantothenic acid

Question 9

Retinol is more commonly referred to as

A) vitamin C
B) vitamin D
C) vitamin A
D) vitamin B6

Question 10

Radiographic evidence of beriberi includes

A) generalized osteoporosis with blurring of trabecular markings and severe cortical thinning
B) Pelken's spur
C) enlarged heart shadow and increased pulmonary vascular markings
D) none of these. Beriberi does not produce significant changes that demonstrate on images.

Question 11

Which of the following vitamins can be stored by the body tissues?
(1)Vitamin K.
(2)Vitamin D.
(3)Vitamin E.

A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1 and 3 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3

Question 12

Which of the following vitamins can be stored within the body tissues?

A) Animal based.
B) Inorganic.
C) Fat soluble.
D) All of the above.

Question 13

Which of the following is defined as an essential part of the enzymatic systems that is vital to the body's cellular metabolism?

A) Proteins.
B) Vitamins.
C) Hydrogen ions.
D) Minerals.

Question 14

Which category of vitamins must be a regular part of a person's diet because they cannot be stored?

A) Fat soluble.
B) Water soluble.
C) Plant based.
D) Animal based.

Question 15

What is the common name for ascorbic acid?

A) Vitamin C.
B) Vitamin D.
C) Vitamin B₁.
D) Vitamin K.

Question 16

Which disease is caused by a deficiency in Vitamin C?

A) Rickets.
B) Osteomalacia.
C) Pellagra.
D) Scurvy.

Question 17

If a patient is suspected to suffer from beriberi,which of the following radiographs would demonstrate signs of this disease?

A) A chest x-ray.
B) Any skeletal x-ray.
C) A complete upper and lower GI series.
D) Beriberi is not evident on radiographs.

Question 18

Cobalamin is more commonly referred to as

A) vitamin B1
B) vitamin B12
C) vitamin C
D) vitamin D

Question 19

Which of the following are major B vitamins?
(1)Beriberi.
(2)Pantothenic acid.
(3)Niacin.

A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1 and 3 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3

Question 20

Which category of vitamins can be stored within the body tissues?

A) Fat soluble.
B) Water soluble.
C) Plant based.
D) Animal based.

Question 21

Which of the following diseases are caused by an error in metabolism?
(1)Phenylketonuria.
(2)Homocystinuria.
(3)Scurvy.

A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1 and 3 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3

Question 22

A female with only one X chromosome is diagnosed with

A) Turner's syndrome
B) Klinefelter's syndrome
C) Down syndrome
D) Gaucher's disease

Question 23

Chronic,excessive intake of vitamins can cause

A) kidney failure
B) hypervitaminosis
C) obesity
D) sarcoidosis

Question 24

A lack of _____ would cause excessive bleeding as a result of a lack of prothrombin,which is essential to the blood-clotting mechanism.

A) vitamin A
B) pantothenic acid
C) vitamin K
D) folic acid

Question 25

Arachnodactyly is characteristic of persons with

A) Klinefelter's syndrome
B) Down syndrome
C) Turner's syndrome
D) Marfan syndrome

Question 26

One of the early symptoms of scurvy is

A) bleeding gums
B) "pins and needles" sensation in distal limbs
C) shortness of breath
D) none of these. Early scurvy is silent and asymptomatic.

Question 27

Which of the following is an extremely malignant skin cancer?

A) Sarcoidosis.
B) Gaucher's disease.
C) Melanoma.
D) Multiple myeloma.

Question 28

Which of the following is an inherited generalized disorder of connective tissue with ocular,skeletal,and cardiovascular manifestations?

A) Down syndrome.
B) Gaucher's disease.
C) Marfan syndrome.
D) Turner's syndrome.

Question 29

Which of the following is a connective tissue disorder,likely an immune-complex disease,which primarily affects young or middle-aged women?

A) Systemic lupus erythematosus.
B) Turner's syndrome.
C) Sarcoidosis.
D) Gaucher's disease.

Question 30

The most common trisomy disorder is

A) Turner's syndrome
B) Down syndrome
C) muscular dystrophy
D) phenylketonuria

Question 31

Which of the following is categorized as a genetic amino acid disorder?

A) Gaucher's disease.
B) Phenylketonuria.
C) Marfan syndrome.
D) Sarcoidosis.

Question 32

Osteomalacia is caused by a deficiency in

A) vitamin K
B) iron
C) niacin
D) vitamin D

Question 33

Severe protein-calorie malnutrition (kwashiorkor)causes

A) emaciation
B) excessive bleeding
C) seizures
D) diffuse lung disease

Question 34

Gaucher's disease is categorized as a

A) sex chromosome trisomy disorder
B) sex chromosome monosomy disorder
C) systemic disorder of unknown cause
D) glycogen storage disease

Question 35

A group of chronic inherited conditions in which fat replaces muscle is known as

A) Gaucher's disease
B) muscular dystrophy
C) Klinefelter's syndrome
D) Marfan syndrome

Question 36

Which vitamin is essential in the blood-clotting mechanism?

A) Vitamin K.
B) Niacin.
C) Vitamin D.
D) Vitamin E.

Question 37

Which of the following is caused by a male having two or more X chromosomes?

A) Turner's syndrome.
B) Down syndrome.
C) Muscular dystrophy.
D) Klinefelter's syndrome.

Question 38

Which genetic amino acid disorder manifests radiographically as a loss of bone density with expansion and cortical thickening of the long bones,especially the femur?

A) Homocystinuria.
B) Gaucher's disease.
C) Phenylketonuria.
D) Ochronosis.

Question 39

The most common type of muscular dystrophy is

A) Becker's muscular dystrophy
B) Turner's muscular dystrophy
C) Duchenne's muscular dystrophy
D) Gaucher's muscular dystrophy

Question 40

An excess of adipose (fatty)tissue resulting from a consistent excessive caloric intake as compared with calories required,or used,by daily activities refers to

A) kwashiorkor
B) sarcoidosis
C) phenylketonuria
D) obesity

Question 41

Match the disease to its definition.
Turner's syndrome

A)An autosomal recessive trait in which the person lacks an enzyme needed to metabolize the amino acid methionine
B)The most common of the chromosomal aberration diseases that is caused by a trisomy of chromosome 21
C)An immune-complex disease
D)A sex chromosome monosomal disorder resulting in a female with only one X chromosome

Question 42

Match the radiographic characteristics to the disease.
Gaucher's disease

A)Calcium deposits in the kidneys,heart,lungs,and stomach wall
B)Elongation and thinning of tubular bones and arachnodactyly
C)Loss of bone density in extremities with expansion and cortical thickening of long bones
D)Osteoporosis with blurring of trabecular markings and severe thinning of cortex

Question 43

Match the disease to its cause.
Pellagra

A)Vitamin C deficiency
B)Vitamin B₃ deficiency
C)Vitamin D deficiency
D)Vitamin B₁ deficiency

Question 44

Egg yolks and fish are good sources of vitamin K.

Question 45

Muscular dystrophy is a genetic disorder in which a metabolic error causes faulty amino acid absorption.

Question 46

Match the disease to its definition.
Systemic lupus erythematosus

A)An autosomal recessive trait in which the person lacks an enzyme needed to metabolize the amino acid methionine
B)The most common of the chromosomal aberration diseases that is caused by a trisomy of chromosome 21
C)An immune-complex disease
D)A sex chromosome monosomal disorder resulting in a female with only one X chromosome

Question 47

Turner's syndrome is a male with only one X chromosome.

Question 48

Night blindness may be caused by a lack of vitamin E.

Question 49

Match the radiographic characteristics to the disease.
Marfan syndrome

A)Calcium deposits in the kidneys,heart,lungs,and stomach wall
B)Elongation and thinning of tubular bones and arachnodactyly
C)Loss of bone density in extremities with expansion and cortical thickening of long bones
D)Osteoporosis with blurring of trabecular markings and severe thinning of cortex

Question 50

Match the disease to its cause.
Beriberi

A)Vitamin C deficiency
B)Vitamin B₃ deficiency
C)Vitamin D deficiency
D)Vitamin B₁ deficiency

Question 51

Match the disease to its definition.
Homocystinuria

A)An autosomal recessive trait in which the person lacks an enzyme needed to metabolize the amino acid methionine
B)The most common of the chromosomal aberration diseases that is caused by a trisomy of chromosome 21
C)An immune-complex disease
D)A sex chromosome monosomal disorder resulting in a female with only one X chromosome

Question 52

Dairy products are good sources of vitamin A.

Question 53

Match the radiographic characteristics to the disease.
Scurvy

A)Calcium deposits in the kidneys,heart,lungs,and stomach wall
B)Elongation and thinning of tubular bones and arachnodactyly
C)Loss of bone density in extremities with expansion and cortical thickening of long bones
D)Osteoporosis with blurring of trabecular markings and severe thinning of cortex

Question 54

Match the disease to its cause.
Rickets

A)Vitamin C deficiency
B)Vitamin B₃ deficiency
C)Vitamin D deficiency
D)Vitamin B₁ deficiency

Question 55

Rickets is caused by a vitamin D deficiency.

Question 56

Down syndrome is the most common trisomy disorder.

Question 57

Match the disease to its cause.
Scurvy

A)Vitamin C deficiency
B)Vitamin B₃ deficiency
C)Vitamin D deficiency
D)Vitamin B₁ deficiency

Question 58

Vitamin D is categorized as a fat-soluble vitamin.

Question 59

Match the disease to its definition.
Down syndrome

A)An autosomal recessive trait in which the person lacks an enzyme needed to metabolize the amino acid methionine
B)The most common of the chromosomal aberration diseases that is caused by a trisomy of chromosome 21
C)An immune-complex disease
D)A sex chromosome monosomal disorder resulting in a female with only one X chromosome

Question 60

Beriberi is caused by a thiamine deficiency.

Question 61

Match the radiographic characteristics to the disease.
Hypervitaminosis (excess vitamin D)

A)Calcium deposits in the kidneys,heart,lungs,and stomach wall
B)Elongation and thinning of tubular bones and arachnodactyly
C)Loss of bone density in extremities with expansion and cortical thickening of long bones
D)Osteoporosis with blurring of trabecular markings and severe thinning of cortex