Deck 12: Physical Health

Question 1

You can usually tell whether someone is infected with an STI, especially HIV infection.

Answer 1

False.
While some STIs have telltale signs, such as the appearance of sores or blisters on the genitals or disagreeable genital odors, others do not. Several STIs, such as chlamydia, gonorrhea (especially in women), internal genital warts, and even HIV infection in its early stages, cause few if any obvious signs or symptoms. You often cannot tell whether your partner is infected with an STI. Many of the nicest looking and well-groomed people carry STIs, often unknowingly. The only way to know whether a person is infected with HIV is by means of an HIV-antibody test.

Question 2

Chances are that if you haven't caught an STI by now, you probably have a natural immunity and won't get infected in the future.

Answer 2

False.
If you practice unprotected sex and have not contracted an STI to this point, count your blessings. The thing about good luck is that it eventually runs out.

Question 3

A person who is successfully treated for an STI needn't worry about getting it again.

Answer 3

False.
Sorry. Successful treatment does not render immunity against reinfection. You still need to take precautions to avoid reinfection, even if you have had an STI in the past and were successfully treated. If you answered true to this item, you're not alone. About one in five college students polled in a recent survey of more than 5,500 college students across Canada believed that a person who gets an STI cannot get it again.

Question 4

So long as you keep yourself fit and healthy, you needn't worry about STIs.

Question 5

The best way for sexually active people to protect themselves from STIs is to practice safer sex.

Question 6

The only way to catch an STI is to have sex with someone who has one.

Question 7

Talking about STIs with a partner is so embarrassing that you're best off not raising the subject and hope the other person will.

Question 8

STIs are mostly a problem for people who are promiscuous.

Question 9

You don't need to worry about contracting an STI so long as you wash yourself thoroughly with soap and hot water immediately after sex.

Question 10

You don't need to worry about AIDS if no one you know has ever come down with it.

Question 11

When it comes to STIs, it's all in the cards. Either you're lucky or you're not.

Question 12

The time to worry about STIs is when you come down with one.

Question 13

As long as you avoid risky sexual practices, such as anal intercourse, you're pretty safe from STIs.

Question 14

The time to talk about safer sex is before any sexual contact occurs.

Question 15

A person needn't be concerned about an STI if the symptoms clear up on their own in a few weeks.

Question 16

What is the number one killer of American women?

Question 17

Which ethnic/racial group is at greatest risk for developing heart disease?

Question 18

Approximately how many women will eventually die of heart disease?

A) One in 10
B) One in 5
C) One in 3
D) One in 2

Question 19

Identify six activities/steps you can take to decrease your risk for heart disease.

Question 20

What aspects of the Type A personality are linked to heart disease?

Question 21

Is it true or false that heart disease is a man's disease?

Question 22

Is it true or false that diabetic women have an increased risk of having a heart attack or stroke?

Question 23

Is it true or false that being overweight will not increase your chances of developing heart disease?

Question 24

Is it true or false that as levels of estrogen decline at menopause, a woman's risk of heart disease increases?

Question 25

Is it true or false that women receive less aggressive diagnostic and treatment interventions as compared with men?

Question 26

Gender inequities present in current medical research include:

A) the exclusion of women from federally funded studies.
B) a greater focus on heart disease in men then women.
C) the overrepresentation of women in studies that set standards for doses of new medications.
D) a predominance of older ethnic minority women in cancer research.

Question 27

Ways that physicians respond differently to female and male patients include:

A) the assumption that women's pain more than men's has an emotional basis.
B) treating women's pain but dismissing men's.
C) prescribing tranquilizers for women more than men.
D) a and c

Question 28

Which of the following is/are true?

A) Physicians are more likely to attribute women's than men's health complaints to psychosomatic factors.
B) Male physicians, compared to female physicians, spend more time with their patients and provide them with more information.
C) Both women and men express more satisfaction with male physicians than female physicians.
D) Physicians are equally likely to "talk down" to female and male patients.

Question 29

According to the text, which of the following is/are true?

A) Arthritis and incontinence are a normal part of aging and require little or no medical attention.
B) Most patients in medical journal ads are portrayed as ethnic minority men.
C) Women in ads for heart medications are primarily White even though their risk of heart disease is lower than that of Black women.
D) Women are overrepresented in ads for cardiovascular medication.

Question 30

Which of the following is/are true?

A) Women are more likely than men to report negative feelings about the patient-physician relationship.
B) Women of color are more likely than white women to be uninsured.
C) Women of color are less likely than white women to get preventive health services such as Pap Smears and breast exams.
D) all of the above

Question 31

Women, compared to men,

A) receive more aggressive treatment for heart disease.
B) are more likely to receive knee replacement surgery.
C) are less likely to receive kidney dialysis.
D) all of the above

Question 32

Older women are less likely than younger women to receive:

A) Pap smears.
B) mammograms.
C) tests for colon cancer.
D) all of the above

Question 33

Women of color are more likely than White women to:

A) be uninsured.
B) receive mammograms.
C) receive Pap smears and pelvic exams.
D) none of the above

Question 34

Which is true of women with disabilities?

A) About 5 percent of all U. S. women have some level of disability.
B) Latinas have the highest incidence of severe disability.
C) Health care providers may focus on the women's disability, rather than on her routine health care needs.
D) Women with disabilities have access to good medical care because of their Social Security Disability benefits.

Question 35

Access for sexual minority women to health care tends to be reduced because:

A) many avoid gynecological checkups in order to avoid possible negative physician reactions.
B) they are less likely to have health insurance.
C) managed-care plans may limit their ability to choose lesbian-friendly health care providers.
D) all of the above

Question 36

The government program designed to provide medical care for those who are over 65, regardless of income, is:

A) Medicare.
B) Medicaid.
C) Social Security.
D) HMO.

Question 37

Which of the following statements about Medicaid is/are true?

A) Medical care is provided for the needy of any age.
B) Most recipients are women.
C) Individuals are eligible regardless of their financial resources.
D) a and b

Question 38

The government program designed to provide medical care for the needy of any age is

A) Medicare.
B) Medicaid.
C) Social Security.
D) HMO.

Question 39

Which of the following is/are true?

A) Women rely less heavily than men on Medicaid and Medicare.
B) Women are less likely than men to have medical insurance through their own employer.
C) A woman who is covered under a spouse's medical insurance plan automatically retains coverage in the event of divorce, death or the spouse's retirement.
D) All of the above

Question 40

Under the Affordable Care Act:

A) 20 million more Americans gained health coverage
B) women no longer have to pay co-pays or deductibles for contraception
C) women cannot be charged more than men for the same insurance plan
D) all of the above

Question 41

All of the following are true about sexually transmitted diseases (STIs) except:

A) STIs can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease, which can result in infertility.
B) STIs are transmitted more easily to men, especially gay men, than to women.
C) People with STIs such as herpes, chlamydia and gonorrhea are more likely than others to become infected with HIV.
D) Women most at risk for STIs are sexually active at an early age, and have sex frequently and with multiple partners.

Question 42

Which of the following factor is/are contributors to sexually transmitted diseases?

A) sexual intercourse
B) multiple sex partners
C) failure to use condoms
D) all of the above

Question 43

Which of the sexually transmitted diseases is the most devastating?

A) AIDS
B) genital herpes
C) gonorrhea
D) chlamydia

Question 44

The fastest growing group of Americans infected with HIV are:

A) men of color
B) women of color
C) white women
D) white men

Question 45

Which ethnic group of American teen-age and young adult women has the highest rate of AIDS?

A) White
B) Latina
C) Black
D) Native American

Question 46

The risk of an HIV-infected woman passing the virus to her child is reduced if:

A) The mother takes antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy.
B) The mother has a caesarean delivery.
C) The newborn is started antiretroviral drugs at birth.
D) all of the above

Question 47

Which of the following statements about the global AIDS epidemic is/are true?

A) Worldwide, approximately 10% of people infected with HIV are women.
B) The most severely affected world region is North America.
C) In Africa, females are two to five times more likely to develop HIV/AIDS than males.
D) In India, most women with HIV were infected through intravenous drug use

Question 48

Which of the following is not true of older women and HIV/AIDS?

A) Most sexually active older singles report having unprotected sex.
B) In women over 60, most AIDS cases are now caused by heterosexual contact.
C) Older women with HIV/AIDS, compared to younger women, are more likely to be diagnosed later or misdiagnosed.
D) There has been an increase in condom use among the elderly, thus protecting them against HIV.

Question 49

Which of the following statements is/are true of AIDS in older women?

A) AIDS is often misdiagnosed.
B) Older women with AIDS are more likely to deteriorate rapidly because of their already weakened immune system.
C) The leading cause today is heterosexual contact.
D) all of the above

Question 50

Which of the following is/are not true of endometriosis?

A) it is a disorder in which the lining of the uterus migrates to and grows on pelvic structures.
B) it is a cause of infertility.
C) it is the most common reproductive cancer in women.
D) it can cause severe menstrual pain

Question 51

Fibroid tumors are:

A) cancerous uterine growths.
B) more common in White than in Black women.
C) the most common reason for hysterectomy.
D) usually not detected early because they are painless.

Question 52

Which of the following increases the risk of cervical cancer?

A) early age at first intercourse
B) multiple sex partners
C) smoking
D) all of the above

Question 53

A Pap smear is used to identify:

A) early breast lumps.
B) precancerous changes in the ovaries.
C) precancerous changes in the cervix.
D) all of the above

Question 54

Which of the following is/are not a symptom of ovarian cancer?

A) pelvic pain
B) frequent hunger
C) frequent urination
D) bloating and feeling full quickly

Question 55

Protective factors against ovarian cancer include:

A) taking birth control pills
B) not breastfeeding
C) not having children
D) using hormone replacement therapy

Question 56

Recently a vaccine has been developed to protect women against human papilloma virus (HPV) that may eliminate ______ cancer.

A) uterine
B) ovarian
C) cervical
D) none of the above

Question 57

By age 60, approximately _____ percent of American women will have had their uterus removed.

A) 10
B) 25
C) 33
D) 50

Question 58

The most common reason for a hysterectomy is:

A) ovarian cancer.
B) uterine cancer.
C) cervical cancer.
D) fibroid tumors.

Question 59

Which is/are true of osteoporosis and bones?

A) Half of all U.S. women over age 50 experience a fracture during their lifetime.
B) More men than women have osteoporosis.
C) Complications resulting from hip fractures reduce mobility, but are not life threatening.
D) Peak bone mass occurs around age 40.

Question 60

You are at greater risk for osteoporosis if you:

A) are Black.
B) have early menarche and late menopause.
C) have an eating disorder.
D) all of the above

Question 61

Which of the following increase(s) bone mass?

A) sodium
B) steroids
C) estrogen
D) all of the above

Question 62

Which of the following forms of exercise can help build bone mass?

A) climbing stairs
B) lifting weights
C) low-impact aerobics
D) all of the above

Question 63

Which of the following statements about women and heart disease is/are true?

A) Women are less likely to die of heart disease and stroke than of breast cancer.
B) Heart disease in women becomes apparent about 10 years later than in men.
C) When women develop heart disease they have a better prognosis than do men with heart disease.
D) all of the above

Question 64

With regard to heart disease, women are more likely than men:

A) to die after a heart attack.
B) to have a second heart attack.
C) to die after treatment for heart disease.
D) all of the above

Question 65

Which of the following statements about women and heart disease is/are true?

A) Many women fear heart disease more than breast cancer.
B) Heart disease is the second leading cause of death for women.
C) Women tend to be older than men when they develop heart disease.
D) The chances of developing heart disease decrease rapidly after menopause.

Question 66

Which of the following statements about women and heart disease is/are true?

A) Awareness of risk factors for heart disease remains low, particularly for women younger than 55 and for ethnic minority women.
B) More American women die annually from heart disease than from all forms of cancer combined.
C) both a and b
D) neither a nor b

Question 67

Which of the following groups of women has the highest death rate from heart attack?

A) White
B) Black
C) Latina
D) Native American

Question 68

Which of the following is/are unchangeable risk factors of heart disease?

A) gender
B) family history
C) inactivity
D) a and b

Question 69

Which of the following is/are changeable risk factors of heart disease?

A) smoking
B) high blood pressure
C) diet
D) all of the above

Question 70

Which of the following reduces a woman's risk of heart disease?

A) inactivity
B) hormone replacement therapy, when started late in menopause
C) consuming one alcoholic drink a day
D) all of the above

Question 71

Which of the following does not increase a woman's risk of heart disease?

A) being overweight
B) being angry and hostile
C) drinking green tea
D) being diabetic

Question 72

Which of the following regarding heart disease in women is not true?

A) Women are less likely than men to receive an angiogram or angioplasty.
B) Women adjust better than men psychologically following a heart attack.
C) Women with Type A personality are more likely to develop heart disease than women with Type B personality.
D) Women are less likely than men to be referred to cardiac rehabilitation programs.

Question 73

Which of the following regarding heart disease in women and men is true?

A) Women are less likely than men to have the classic heart disease symptom of chest pain.
B) Women with heart disease are less likely than men to be misdiagnosed.
C) Women are more likely than men to be included in studies of heart disease treatment.
D) none of the above

Question 74

What percentage of women who develop breast cancer do not die of the disease?

A) 20
B) 40
C) 60
D) 80

Question 75

Which of the following statements about breast cancer is/are true?

A) The majority of women diagnosed with breast cancer die within five years.
B) Early detection has not decreased the death rate from breast cancer.
C) The 5-year survival rate for women with localized breast cancer is 50%.
D) none of the above

Question 76

Which of the following statements about risk factors for breast cancer is not true?

A) Low income women are more likely than higher income women to die of breast cancer.
B) Black women are much more likely than White women to develop breast cancer.
C) The more alcohol consumed, the greater the chance of developing breast cancer.
D) The more weight gained in adulthood, the greater the chance of developing breast cancer.

Question 77

Which of the following is true regarding mammograms?

A) A mammogram is an MRI of the breast tissue.
B) The purpose of a mammogram is to destroy lumps, detected through self-examination.
C) Approximately 1 in 4 women age 40 and over have had a mammogram in the last year or two.
D) none of the above.

Question 78

Which of the following is true regarding breast cancer?

A) The BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes help protect against breast cancer.
B) Very thin women are at increased risk for developing breast cancer.
C) Women who have consumed at least two drinks a day since their early 20's increase their breast cancer risk.
D) Recent use of hormone replacement therapy reduces the risk of breast cancer.

Question 79

Which of the following procedures do most medical experts currently recommend for early detection of breast cancer?

A) breast self-awareness
B) an annual mammogram, starting at age 40.
C) Both a and b
D) Neither a nor b

Question 80

Reasons why women don't have mammograms include which of the following?

A) fear of the discomfort and pain of the procedure
B) low income, which limits access to affordable health care
C) fear of receiving a breast cancer diagnosis
D) all of the above