Deck 6: The Political Psychology of Mass Politics: How Do People Decide for Whom to Vote

Question 1

A particularly elaborate, close-woven and, far rangin structure of attitudes and beliefs is known as

A)ideology
B)Attitude
C)Belief
D)Value

Answer 1

A

Question 2

When people vote as they did the last time it is known as the

A)Repear heuristic
B)Historical heuristic
C)Habit heuristic
D)Familiarity heuristic

Answer 2

C

Question 3

According to Lau and Redlawsk, which of the following models is the most cognitively difficult decision stragegy, albeit one that promises a value maximizing outcome?

A)Intuitive Decision Making
B)Maximization Choice
C)Rational Choice
D)Cognitive

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Lau and Redlawsk maintain that the Fast and Frugal Decision Making Model is used when

A)decisions are relatively easy and therefore are easily made
B)a decision is difficult or when decision makers are subject to severe time pressures
C)individuals use three options to come to a decision
D)decision makers already know the answer

Question 5

When indiviudals rely on the media to tell them which issues are important it is referred to as

A)None of the answers are correct
B)Cognitive choices
C)Satisficing
D)Agenda setting

Question 6

Early socialization studies focused predominately on

A)Violent adult offenders
B)Backgrounds of authoritarian leaders
C)Media studies
D)Children

Question 7

With regard to socialization, Niemi and Heburn concluded that

A)Adults are unable to recall socialization factors
B)What is learned as a child remains constant over times
C)Only traumatic events will change attitudes and behavior of children
D)What is learned early on may not be relvant later in life

Question 8

In his discussion of socialization research, Sigel argued all but the following point:

A)Inappropriate methodology was used
B)Research lacked conceptual clarity
C)Researchers used a poor choice of subjects
D)Researchers did not have the proper psychological training

Question 9

Stouffer argued the following in this 1995 study of political tolerance that

A)There were high degrees of political intolerance
B)Only certain ethnic groups were tolerant
C)There was a very small degree of political intolerance
D)Political intolerance was incorrectly studied

Question 10

In 1982, Sullivan et al. argued that tolerance, or lack thereof, is

A)Only an emotional process when race is a consideration
B)A wholly cognitive process
C)A product of an equal amount of emotion and cognition
D)Driven primarily by emotion rather than cognition

Question 11

After dealignment, British voters began to engage in which of the following

A)Strong party identification with Conservative and Labour parties
B)Issue voting
C)Personality-based voting
D)Class voting

Question 12

When individuals make a decision that is adequate rather than optimally based on full considertion of information

A)Satisficing
B)Rational choice
C)Priming
D)The Bradley effect

Question 13

During the 2008 Presidential elections in the Unitd States, the highest percentage of votes came from which demographic category?

A)Hispanics
B)Whites African-Americans
C)An equal number of Whites and African-Americans

Question 14

That individuals have two emotions (anxiety and enthusiasim) that are central to responses to political events or candidates is argued in

A)Affective response theory
B)Emotional learning theory
C)Affective intelligence theory
D)Political judgement theory

Question 15

The endorsement heuristic refers to a shortcut wherein people

A)Vote for the best candidate without considering endorsement by others
B)Tend to not support candidates endorsed by celebrities
C)Select a candidate based on likelihood of winning
D)Select a candidate who is supported by those the voter has confidence in

Question 16

The selection of a candidate based on a likelihood that he or she will win is referred to as the

A)Symbolic candiddate effect
B)Compensatory strategy
C)Habit heuristic
D)Viability heuristic

Question 17

According to Converse, responses to political attitude qustions for some remained stable but for others they changed randomly. He referred to this as

A)None of the answers are correct
B)Changing American voter model
C)The attitude change model
D)Black and white model

Question 18

The model that distinguishes between long-term and short-term factors or attitudes that affect how Americans vote is called the

A)Black and white model
B)Funnel of causality model
C)Converse model
D)Party identification model

Question 19

Which of the following is not consistent with research on party identification?

A)It serves as a gide for voting behavior
B)It has a strong effect on how people vote
C)It affects how people view short-term forces such as issues and candidates
D)It has no impact on voting behavior

Question 20

Perhaps the biggest political psychological challenge to the Michigan school is the

A)Social Behavioralists
B)Minimalists
C)Maximalists
D)Social Learners

Question 21

Knowledge structures embedded in long-term memory that consist of nodes linking to one another, formin a network of associations is known as

A)Social networks
B)Associative networks
C)Individual networks
D)Cognitive networks

Question 22

The impression-based model of information processing purports the following about information acquisition and beliefs about candidates

A)Gust instinct dominates views of candidates
B)The accessibility of political schemas will influence how people think
C)Views of candidates are wholly emotion based
D)Likes and dislikes are influenced by information but individuals tend to be unable to explain why

Question 23

That there is a perverse relationship between the amount of information voeters are given about a candidate and the amount of information they acutally used is referred to as

A)Funnel of causality
B)Gresham's law of political information
C)Drunkard's search
D)Social networking

Question 24

Reducing complicated issues and choices amojnd candidates to simple comparisons is known as

A)Fundamental attribution error
B)Funnel of causality
C)Drunkard's search
D)Gresham's law of political information

Question 25

Rahn et al. argue that candidate appraisals are

A)Solely base on personality traits
B)Do not factor into voting behavior
C)Particuarly imporant
D)Based on integrity and personality traits

Question 26

Which of the following did Popkin not consider when discussing the issue connections prevalent in voting behavior?

A)Issue and benefits they care about
B)Issue and office
C)Issue and candidate
D)They are not prevalent at all

Question 27

Alternative definitions, constructions, or depictions of policy problems are referred to as

A)Issue schemas
B)Issue images
C)Issue frames
D)None of the answers are correct

Question 28

The affective referral heuristic is when people

A)Vote for candidates that are similar to themslves
B)Vote only for those their friends vote for
C)There is not a affective referral heuristic
D)Vote for a candidate they are both familiar with and highly regard

Question 29

When a voter experiences conflict between preferences and avoids that conflict by not seeking out information, it is called

A)The familiarity heuristic
B)Denial
C)Projection
D)Noncompensatory strategy

Question 30

Which of the following is not true about research on political behavior and attitudes?

A)Despite disagreements on the definition of attitudes scholars agree on how they affect voting behavior
B)Scholars disagree on the definition of an attitude and its effect on political behavior
C)There is relatively strong agreement regarding the definition of an attitude and its impact on political behavior
D)It is widely believed that attitudes do not impact the study of political behavior