Deck 2: Social Constructionism Versus Science in Criminology

Question 1

__________ is a philosophy of knowledge maintaining that concepts, practices, beliefs, and sometimes facts are artifacts of a particular time and place.

A) Realism
B) Social constructionism
C) Determinism
D) Local temporalism

Answer 1

B

Question 2

_________ constructionists take a negative view of X and seek to modify it by pointing out the contingency of the disliked aspects of X.

A) Historic
B) Rebellious
C) Reformist
D) Ironic

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The ____________ constructionist is one who exposes the ideology and power relations that underlie X and is content to simply expose X, but not to refute it.

A) revolutionary
B) rebellious
C) reformist
D) unmasking

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The ____________ constructionist is an activist in the cause of eliminating X.

A) revolutionary
B) rebellious
C) reformist
D) unmasking

Question 5

The belief that not only are representations socially constructed, but the entities themselves to which these representations refer are socially constructed is known as _________.

A) philosophical constructionism
B) weak constructionism
C) reality constructionism
D) fact constructionism

Question 6

The bedrock principle of postmodernism is that all worldviews are mediated by ________.

A) nature
B) language
C) science
D) wisdom

Question 7

Peacemaking criminology is a ___________ tradition and has a compassionate and spiritual spin.

A) postmodernist
B) critical realist
C) modernist
D) complementist

Question 8

Peacemaking criminology relies heavily on the concept of ____________.

A) love and forgiveness
B) appreciative realism
C) appreciative relativism
D) extensive therapy

Question 9

A philosophical position at the interstices of modernism and postmodernism and strong realism and strong relativism is ___________.

A) appreciative realism
B) appreciative relativism
C) critical constructionism
D) critical realism

Question 10

The claim that the success of science, particularly of the hard sciences, strongly suggests a lot about the way things "really" are is called:

A) critical realism
B) appreciative relativism
C) naïve realism
D) natural empiricism

Question 11

According to the text, criminality is a ____________ trait.

A) genotypic trait
B) continuous
C) phenotypic
D) b and c only

Question 12

Meta-analyses of behavior genetic studies show a broad heritability of at least _____ for antisocial behavior.

A) 10%
B) 30%
C) 50%
D) 75%

Question 13

Nature can be considered a socially constructed idea.

Question 14

Postmodernists claim that the science of society is the language of the rich and powerful

Question 15

An example of the moralistic fallacy would be to say that violence is a bad thing and therefore cannot be part of human nature.