Deck 13: Feminist Criminology and Contending Metaphysics

Question 1

Feminism:

A) is a set of theories and strategies for social change that takes gender as their central focus
B) is a social movement
C) holds that women suffer oppression and discrimination in a society run for men by men
D) all the above

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Environmental feminists:

A) view gender differences as solely resulting from gender socialization and gender roles
B) view gender differences as residing in the brain and ultimately resting on Darwinian sexual selection
C) reject the scientific method as commonly understood
D) all the above

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of the following refers to one's biological status as a male or female based on chromosomal, hormonal, and gonadal distinctions?

A) sex
B) gender
C) genotype
D) phenotype

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The concept of learning how to "do gender" is associated with which group of feminists?

A) liberal
B) evolutionary
C) social constructionist
D) environmental

Question 5

Research presented in the text found that gender differences __________ as gender equality increases.

A) decrease
B) increase
C) stayed the same
D) were irrelevant

Question 6

Parenting effort:

A) is the proportion of reproductive effort invested in rearing offspring
B) is the proportion of reproductive effort allotted to acquiring sexual partners
C) is more typical of females
D) a and c only

Question 7

Traits that facilitate mating effort:

A) are associated with prosocial behaviors
B) are associated with antisocial behaviors
C) include empathy and altruism
D) a and c only

Question 8

The generalizability problem:

A) attempts to explain the universal fact that women are far less likely than men to involve themselves in criminal activity
B) is the quest to find theories that account equally for male and female offending
C) attempts to explain why men tend to have more sexual partners than women
D) all the above

Question 9

When male crime rates increase, rates of female offending:

A) also increase
B) decrease
C) stay constant
D) There is no correlation between these two variables.

Question 10

Freda Adler's masculinization hypothesis:

A) asserts that increased participation in the work force affords women greater opportunities to commit job-related crime
B) suggests that women's "motivation to kill" arises from the exploitation, frustration, and dependency that comes from the traditional housewife role
C) concludes that with the decrease in sex-segregated roles, we should eventually see a convergence of male and female crime rates
D) asserts that both increasing crime and growing poverty rates among women are indirectly related to the women's liberation movement

Question 11

The economic marginalization hypothesis:

A) asserts that increased participation in the work force affords women greater opportunities to commit job-related crime
B) suggests that women's "motivation to kill" arises from the exploitation, frustration, and dependency that comes from the traditional housewife role
C) concludes that with the decrease in sex-segregated roles, we should eventually see a convergence of male and female crime rates
D) asserts that both increasing crime and growing poverty rates among women are indirectly related to the women's liberation movement

Question 12

The core concepts and concerns of feminism include:

A) gender
B) patriarchy
C) oppression
D) all the above

Question 13

According to the text, research has shown that children strongly resist efforts to get them to play with opposite-sex toys or to play in sex-integrated groups.

Question 14

According to the text, women have had lower rates of crime in all nations, in all communities within nations, for all age groups, and all periods in recorded history and for practically all crimes.

Question 15

Males are consistently and strongly found to be higher on all traits linked to prosocial behavior, while females consistently show higher levels of all traits linked to antisocial behavior.