Deck 2: Social and Cultural Sources for the Rise of Sport in North America Main Themes

Question 1

There was a variety of organized participant and spectator sports during the colonial period in North America.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

There was great diversity among the cultures of Native Americans, but only a few of the tribes engaged in physical play and game activities.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

After the Civil War, because of the Emancipation Proclamation issued by President Abraham Lincoln in 1863 as a war measure, African Americans were given equal opportunities in sports such as boxing, baseball, and intercollegiate athletics.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

During the decades between 1930 and 1950 the best amateur teams in basketball, baseball, and football were company-sponsored teams.

Question 5

African American jockeys dominated the event of horse racing during the nineteenth century.

Question 6

Horse racing was the first of the popular spectator sports.

Question 7

The railroad played an instrumental role in staging the first intercollegiate athletic event.

Question 8

The invention and development of the telephone was the most important advancement for communication of sports news during the first half of the nineteenth century.

Question 9

The first sports sections to become a regular feature of newspapers appeared in the early nineteenth century.

Question 10

The forms of sport in any given society evolve out of the social and cultural traditions of that particular group and can be understood only by understanding the social history of that society.

Question 11

The first professional baseball team was player owned and player controlled.

Question 12

With the impact of modernization in the latter nineteenth century, organized sports participation became a prominent source for male identity and a primary basis for gender division.

Question 13

According to the social Darwinism espoused by William Graham Sumner, winning is seen as the just reward of the superior individual; losing is the overt manifestation of inferiority.

Question 14

The National Basketball Association was formed before the National Hockey League.

Question 15

As intercollegiate athletics grew in popularity in the twentieth century, universities in the United States tended to model their programs after Canadian university collegiate athletics traditions.

Question 16

Radio broadcasting of sports events preceded the beginning of public network broadcasting.

Question 17

The first significant impact of technological advances on nineteenth-century sports is found in the

A) steamboats and automobiles.
B) railroads and vulcanization of rubber.
C) steamboats and railroads.
D) railroads and Pony Express.

Question 18

Which of the following communications breakthroughs did not stimulate the growth of sport in the nineteenth century?

A) Telegraph
B) Sport journalism
C) Radio
D) Telephone

Question 19

"Winning is the only thing" and the survival-of-the-fittest ideology in sport is a manifestation of a social philosophy called

A) experimentalism.
B) social Deweyism.
C) social Darwinism.
D) the gospel of wealth.

Question 20

In the history of African American involvement in American sport, in which sport have African Americans been involved the longest?

A) Baseball
B) Basketball
C) Boxing
D) Tennis

Question 21

In the first two decades of intercollegiate athletics, administration and control were based principally on

A) faculty involvement.
B) the president of the institution.
C) student initiative.
D) athletic directors.

Question 22

The railroad played an instrumental role in the staging of the first

A) boxing championship bout.
B) intercollegiate athletic event.
C) horse race.
D) baseball game.

Question 23

The most powerful force for restricting sport involvement in the colonial period in North America was

A) the school.
B) the church.
C) the government.
D) the military.

Question 24

The first sporting goods corporation was formed by

A) Albert Spalding.
B) Charles Converse.
C) William Rawlings.
D) James Swoosh.

Question 25

Intercollegiate sports in the United States began

A) as a form of religious ritual.
B) under the auspices of college faculty.
C) as a form of student recreation.
D) shortly before World War I.

Question 26

Which early-twentieth-century Native American athlete was an all-American intercollegiate football player, an Olympic gold medalist, and a member of the Track and Field Hall of Fame.

A) Ty Cobb
B) Jim Thorpe
C) Red Grange
D) Roger Hornsby

Question 27

Several technological developments contributed to the rise of modern sport. Briefly, identify two of these and show how they contributed to the transformation of sport.

Question 28

Trace the development of one technological innovation in the rise and development of modern sport.

Question 29

Describe several influences of industrialization and urbanization on the rise of sport.

Question 30

Describe the social-cultural background for the cult of manliness that arose in the latter nineteenth century and explain its connections to sport.