Deck 10: The First European Farmers

Question 1

The earliest food production in southern Europe occurred in __________ in 7000 B. C.

A) Italy
B) Luxemburg
C) Bulgaria
D) Greece

Answer 1

D

Question 2

It is traditionally theorized that agriculture spread into Europe from Anatolia around __________.

A) 10000 B. C.
B) 8000 B. C.
C) 6000 B. C.
D) 4000 B. C.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Loess soils are __________.

A) from glacial windblown dust
B) relatively infertile
C) difficult to till
D) highly acidic and thus good for fruit production

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Recent research shows that __________.

A) all plants and animals domesticated in Europe were introduced from Southwest Asia
B) some plants and animals may have been domesticated in Southeast Europe
C) all plants and animals utilized in Europe were domesticated there
D) archaeologists are not sure when nor where any domestication occurred

Question 5

The European farming culture named for the linear-decorated pottery is __________.

A) Karanovo
B) Tripolye
C) Bandkeramik
D) Cardialware

Question 6

Due to the richly decorated graves of females in Bandkeramik sites it is thought that __________.

A) they had matrilineages
B) women only had a high status in death
C) women were sacrificed for better crop yields
D) kin groups traced their ancestry through the male line

Question 7

Communal burials in western Europe are believed to correspond to __________.

A) villages
B) status differences
C) kin groups
D) ethnic groups

Question 8

Individual graves occur in central and eastern Europe around 2800 to 2400 B. C. It is thought this change could be related to __________.

A) matrilineages changing to patrilineages
B) diseased individuals being buried alone
C) a more individualistic relationship with the supernatural
D) an emphasis on individual power and prestige

Question 9

The secondary products revolution is __________.

A) the use of animals for more than just meat
B) the use of cores for more than just one stone tool
C) invention of items needed for agriculture: pottery and hoes
D) associated with the Industrial Revolution

Question 10

The plow was introduced to Europe as early as __________.

A) 700 B.C. / A.D. 700
B) 1900 B.C. / 900 B.C.
C) 3600 B.C. / 2600 B.C.
D) 5000 B.C. / 4000 B.C.

Question 11

Social differences in European burials are thought to be linked to __________.

A) crop specialization
B) craft specialization and trade networks
C) megaliths
D) economic disparities due to status

Question 12

Megaliths are found as early as __________.

A) 2000 B.C.
B) A.D. 1000
C) 4500 B.C.
D) 6000 B.C.

Question 13

Which of the following was NOT suggested in your book to explain megaliths?

A) tombs for the living
B) territorial markers that were signs of ancestral ownership of land
C) a place of worship
D) the internal structure of large palaces

Question 14

The Mesolithic hunters who flourished in Europe after 8000 B. C. until the introduction of food production __________.

A) were well adapted to the introduction of agriculture and animal husbandry
B) were not preadapted to the new economies and vanished quickly
C) lived mostly on reindeer
D) lived on sea food when game animals were in short supply

Question 15

Agriculture and animal husbandry in southeast Europe probably developed __________.

A) as a response to environmental pressures misunderstood by native Europeans
B) because of the "drift" of domestic animals and cereals from the Near East
C) due to changes in dietary preferences
D) due to unusual climate changes

Question 16

The __________ documents the first settlement of southeast European farmers in the Middle Danube region of central Europe.

A) Argissa-Maghula culture
B) Bandkeramik complex
C) München complex
D) Swiss Lake complex

Question 17

__________ was/were adopted by early farmers of Europe.

A) Pigs (Hogs)
B) Maize
C) Cereals
D) Basketry

Question 18

The Mesolithic of central and western Europe __________.

A) lasted for about 10,000 years
B) ended with the introduction of farming
C) displayed hardly any local variation
D) was based on core-tool technology

Question 19

The Bandkeramik expansion created a "frontier" in many parts of Europe between farming communities and Mesolithic peoples. After the creation of this "frontier" __________.

A) both hunter-gatherers and farming peoples stayed behind their boundaries and did not mingle with the other group
B) for the most part, these groups were unaware of one another's presence
C) farmers and Mesolithic peoples interacted across the "frontier" through numerous contacts that were beneficial to both sides
D) warfare was nearly constant until all Mesolithic peoples became farmers

Question 20

Plow agriculture __________.

A) allows fewer people to work an acre of land
B) has a tendency to consolidate an individual's fields
C) may result in expansion into lighter soils
D) results in better, organic food production

Question 21

Discuss Robin Dennell's argument for the introduction of food production in Europe.

Question 22

Discuss the characteristics of the Bandkeramik cultures.

Question 23

Analyze the importance of the introduction of the plow. Explain the economic impact of this farm tool and its connection with the concept of agricultural surplus.