Deck 13: Specialized Courts

Question 1

According to the text, which is a disadvantage of specialized courts?

A) Due process is diminished.
B) Specialized courts are treatment-oriented.
C) Participation relieves system overcrowding.
D) Specialized courts target specific demographics.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The origins of specialized courts can be traced back to the idea that:

A) small offenses will eventually go away
B) large offenses can turn into small ones if they are effectively addressed
C) small offenses remain small, regardless of the court
D) small offenses can turn into large ones if they are not effectively addressed

Answer 2

A

Question 3

In a specialized court, the _____ acts as a team to assist the offender in getting help.

A) jury
B) community
C) offender's family
D) courtroom workgroup

Answer 3

D

Question 4

According to the New York Center for Court Intervention, which is not a principle of specialized justice?

A) individualized justice
B) collaboration
C) community engagement
D) minimal information

Question 5

Drug courts are a branch of the _____ courts that specializes in assisting low-level drug offenders and drug-users.

A) federal
B) criminal
C) civil
D) Supreme

Question 6

Which is a common feature of specialized courts?

A) an emphasis on general deterrence
B) a punitive orientation
C) decreased judicial monitoring
D) the altering of traditional roles in the adjudication process

Question 7

This is a term used for a criminal offense that does not directly harm people or property but offends the social mores and norms of a large segment of society.

A) moral crime
B) thought crime
C) social crime
D) victimless crime

Question 8

Drug courts are generally based on a model that involves _____,

A) monitoring (drug-testing) and supervision
B) offender assessment
C) treatment services
D) all of the above

Question 9

The procedure of the drug court is to have the _____ instead of the parole officer supervise offenders'

A) defense attorney
B) jury
C) judge
D) prosecutor

Question 10

The Drug Court Standards Committee of the National Association of Drug Court Professionals has developed 10 key components for designing drug courts. Which is not one of these components?

A) Drug courts provide access to alcohol, and other drug-related treatment and rehabilitation services.
B) Abstinence is monitored by frequent testing for alcohol and other drugs.
C) Using an adversarial approach, the prosecution tries to send the defendant to prison, where he/she will be forced to participate in rehabilitation programs.
D) Eligible participants for the drug-court program are identified early.

Question 11

Drug courts in England, Scotland, Ireland, Australia, and Canada focus on a(n) _____ approach rather than _____.

A) harm-eradication; harm-reduction
B) abstinence; doing nothing
C) abstinence; harm-reduction
D) harm-reduction; abstinence

Question 12

Typically, the cases that end up before youth court are _____ and minor delinquency.

A) criminal offenses
B) misdemeanors
C) status offenses
D) gang-related offenses

Question 13

How do youths serve on youth courts?

A) as judges
B) as jurors
C) as prosecutors
D) all of the above

Question 14

The youth court's philosophy is that _____ can have a major and positive influence on the behavior of young people.

A) fear
B) rehabilitation
C) justice
D) peer pressure

Question 15

According to the text, what is the most accurate way of measuring the effectiveness of a court?

A) by the number of defendants
B) by the recidivism rate of those whom it convicts
C) by the number of people punished
D) by the number of people exonerated

Question 16

This theory suggests that exposure to the juvenile justice system, even youth court, not only stigmatizes youths, but also affects their self-concept and self-esteem to the point where they consider themselves to be "bad."

A) strain theory
B) labeling theory
C) tagging theory
D) delinquency theory

Question 17

These courts stemmed from the Violence against Women Act of 1974.

A) veterans' treatment courts
B) domestic violence courts
C) teen courts
D) mental health courts

Question 18

Perhaps the most distinguishing feature of domestic violence courts is that they focus on the _____ more than the offender's rehabilitation.

A) offender's safety
B) law
C) victim's safety
D) family's reputation

Question 19

The components of a domestic violence court vary according to _____.

A) victim
B) jurisdiction
C) offender
D) judge

Question 20

According to the text, about _____ mental health courts are currently in operation in the United States.

A) 150
B) 300
C) 50
D) 1,000

Question 21

According to the text, it is not unusual for these types of suspects to be convicted of offenses they do not understand and for which they lack criminal intent.

A) veterans
B) teens
C) domestic violence suspects
D) mentally ill suspects

Question 22

An evaluation in Lexington, South Carolina, found that domestic violence courts _____ police responsiveness to domestic violence.

A) had little effect on
B) had no effect on
C) decreased
D) increased

Question 23

A study noted in the text found that offenders who were processed by the domestic violence court had lower _____ rates than those who had gone through the traditional court system.

A) recidivism
B) incarceration
C) drug abuse
D) misdemeanor

Question 24

According to the U.S. Department of Justice, mental health treatment should not be a(n) _____ sentence in which the offender must prove he or she is sane before being released from court supervision.

A) indeterminate
B) death
C) determinate
D) life

Question 25

Many veterans' treatment courts operate in conjunction with _____ and _____.

A) drug courts; mental health courts
B) teen courts; domestic violence courts
C) civil courts; criminal courts
D) civil courts; mental health courts

Question 26

How many veteran treatment courts are currently operating in the United States?

A) 100
B) 95
C) 50
D) 52

Question 27

How do veterans' treatment courts differ from other specialized courts?

A) Veterans' courts honor participants for their service.
B) The courtroom workgroup develops expertise on veterans' issues.
C) Most veterans' courts have a mentoring program.
D) all of the above

Question 28

What are typically the types of help that veterans require?

A) education
B) family counseling programs
C) employment services
D) all of the above

Question 29

Which is a criticism of veterans' courts?

A) Not all veterans served in combat and are victims of PTSD.
B) Veterans should not be singled out for special courts because their offenses are no more excusable than those of non-veteran offenders.
C) Having a special veterans treatment court perpetuates the stereotype of the "wacko veteran."
D) all of the above

Question 30

According to the text, in many ways, specialized courts can be accused of expanding the court's role into areas that are traditionally the responsibilities of the correctional system.

Question 31

Judges in specialized courts are not concerned with how effective sentences are in changing the behavior of those who appear before the court.

Question 32

Specialized courts adjudicate guilt.

Question 33

The police have a limited capacity to affect street culture.

Question 34

Drug courts are the most common specialized courts.

Question 35

There is a narrow range of specialized courts.

Question 36

Most drug court programs include serious offenders who are high-volume drug traffickers, used weapons in their offenses, and have extensive criminal records.

Question 37

In drug court, the judge uses treatment proposals developed by a probation officer.

Question 38

Those selected to participate in the drug court do not do so voluntarily.

Question 39

Part of the drug-court philosophy is that some coercion is necessary to deal with those who have drug problems and lack the motivation to quit drugs on their own.