Deck 5: Data

Question 1

Which type of research typically uses non-numeric data?

A) Qualitative research
B) Critical research
C) Rhetorical research
D) All of the above

Answer 1

All of the above

Question 2

What type of data is typically not used by communication researchers?

A) Texts
B) Blood samples
C) Interviews
D) Self-reports

Answer 2

Blood samples

Question 3

What type of data can be included in "symbolic messages"?

A) Architecture
B) Fashion
C) E-mails
D) Poems
E) A, B and D

Answer 3

Poems
A, B and D

Question 4

Which of the following methods can be used to analyze texts?

A) Content analysis
B) Discourse analysis
C) Rhetorical criticism
D) All of the above

Question 5

Why do social scientists prefer not to use observation to collect data?

A) They consider it to be not in-depth enough
B) They consider it to be not objective enough
C) They consider it to be too messy
D) Observations don't make sense

Question 6

What drawbacks are usually associated with using self-reports?

A) Participants can over-estimate their behaviors
B) Questions can be biased
C) Participants can under-estimate their behaviors
D) All of the above

Question 7

You are working on neighbors' relations and ask participants to fill in a survey about their next-door neighbors' behavior. What type of survey are you using?

A) Self-report
B) Other-report
C) None of the above

Question 8

When we talk about sampling, what does "population" mean?

A) It is a small group of participants
B) It is the larger group to which you want to generalize the results
C) It is the group of researchers conducting the study
D) None of the above

Question 9

Which of the following sample is NOT used for random sampling?

A) Simple-random-sampling
B) Quota sampling
C) Systematic sampling
D) Stratified sampling

Question 10

In which ways can a convenience sample be problematic?

A) It can be unrepresentative
B) It is complex to carry out
C) It is time consuming
D) It is not generalizable to the population
E) A and D

Question 11

Which of the following sampling technique is preferred for generalizability?

A) Systematic random
B) Simple random
C) Purposive
D) Stratified random

Question 12

How does quota sampling work?

A) Researchers are using pre-determine categories
B) Everyone in a population has an equal chance to be included in the sample
C) Researchers identify mutually exclusive groups to select participants
D) It's a quote of a sample

Question 13

What is a conceptual definition?

A) It is a definition of the term(s) used in our study
B) It is a definition based on previous literature
C) It is a definition used to make what researchers are studying clear to readers
D) All of the above

Question 14

What is mentioned in operational definitions?

A) An explanation of the methods used to measure your concepts
B) An explanation of the concepts used in the study
C) An explanation of the instruments of data collection used
D) A and C

Question 15

What types of variables are typically used by researchers from all paradigms?

A) Interval variable
B) Ratio variable
C) Nominal variable

Question 16

Which type of variables is measured using a Likert scale?

A) Ratio variable
B) Ordinal variable
C) Nominal variable
D) Interval variable

Question 17

If you are asking participants to rank movies from the best to the worse, which type of variable are you collecting?

A) Ratio variable
B) Nominal variable
C) Ordinal variable

Question 18

What does a semantic differential scale measure?

A) Feelings or perceptions people have about things
B) Demographic information
C) Difference between categories and ranks
D) A and C

Question 19

What is the main difference between a ratio variable and an interval variable?

A) A ratio variable has a zero point
B) A ratio variable cannot tell the exact distance between data points
C) A ratio variable does not identify measurable difference between categories and ranks
D) All of the above

Question 20

Which of the following would typically be used as a nominal variable?

A) Sex
B) Age
C) Place of residence
D) A and C
E) All of the above

Question 21

What are the pros and cons of collecting data in the lab or in the field?

Question 22

What are the advantages of using self-reports? For which type of study/topic is it particularly suited?

Question 23

What are the main differences between the non-random sampling techniques?

Question 24

What type of research typically collects data from archives?

Question 25

What is included in an operational definition?

Question 26

Discuss how to deal with subjectivity when using participant observation.

Question 27

Discuss the use of random sampling; how it is done, for what purpose it is used, and to which extent it is possible.