Deck 9: Treatment and Related Programs

Question 1

In a correctional facility, classification can serve to:

A) Group inmates together who share similar needs
B) More effectively allocate staff and resources
C) Assign inmates to an appropriate security level
D) Match inmates with available treatment services
E) All of the above

Answer 1

All of the above

Question 2

Since the 1980s, classification has primarily been used for:

A) Diagnosis
B) Treatment
C) Security
D) A and B
E) All of the above

Answer 2

Security

Question 3

At reception and intake, inmates are:

A) Tested
B) Interviewed
C) Sentenced
D) A and B
E) All of the above

Answer 3

A and B

Question 4

In addition to where the inmate will be housed, decisions made during classification include:

A) Whether the inmate will receive treatment or be given a work assignment
B) Whether the inmate will be eligible for parole consideration
C) What type of punishment the inmate will receive for violating institutional rules and regulations
D) All of the above

Question 5

The institutional classification process is a key ingredient of:

A) The justice model
B) The medical model
C) Selective incapacitation
D) Participatory management
E) C and D

Question 6

Although classification was a key ingredient of the above, the intended results were largely ineffective because, in addition to insufficient staffing:

A) High-risk offenders were not properly identified
B) The process was based on the belief that offenders committed crimes of their own free will
C) Participation in treatment was not entirely voluntary, so inmates were not highly motivated to change
D) The risks outweighed the benefits
E) The process focused on objective prediction models, which were not always accurate

Question 7

When inmates are overclassified, it means that they are assigned to:

A) A higher level of security than is necessary
B) An over-abundance of work details
C) An overactive cellblock
D) A longer sentence than they had anticipated
E) More training and/or treatment programs than they have time to attend

Question 8

A first-time offender convicted of auto theft is assigned to a maximum-security prison. This is an example of:

A) Underclassification
B) Proper classification
C) Overclassification
D) Clinical assessment
E) Custodial zoning

Question 9

One of the limitations of using objective prediction models in classification is that they are designed more for the purpose of _______. Select the option that makes this statement true when placed in the blank:

A) Custodial considerations related to inmate management rather than meeting treatment needs
B) Addressing external political considerations rather than providing inmate treatment
C) Placing inmates in vocational training programs rather than effectively managing behavior
D) Diagnosing treatment needs rather than meeting facility management needs
E) Objectively determining release dates rather than providing meaningful programs during confinement

Question 10

Using objective prediction models in classification has been criticized on the basis that there is a tendency to view them as more valid and trustworthy simply because they are based on:

A) Psychological exams
B) The opinions of subject matter experts
C) The warden's experience
D) Numerical calculations
E) A and B

Question 11

The use of objective prediction models in classification decision-making:

A) Is faster
B) Standardizes the factors on which decisions are made
C) Is primarily designed to match inmate needs with proper treatment programs
D) A and B
E) All of the above

Question 12

This position has been a key component of prisons since the original emphasis of the Quakers in the Walnut Street Jail. While not technically considered "treatment," the functions of this individual make life in confinement more tolerable, and in many cases also contribute toward the rehabilitative process. The position being described, which is included on the staff of virtually all prisons and jails on a full-time, part-time, or voluntary basis, is that of the:

A) Warden
B) Psychologist
C) Foreman
D) Educator
E) Chaplain

Question 13

Biblical perspectives are blended with cognitive therapeutic techniques in the treatment approach known as:

A) Therapeutic communities
B) Faith-based programming
C) Victimstance programs
D) Behavior modification
E) Cognitive casework

Question 14

Vocational training programs in correctional institutions have been developed in order to:

A) Occupy time during confinement
B) Teach inmates work habits
C) Enable inmates to earn wages
D) A and B
E) All of the above

Question 15

Providing education in a correctional setting is difficult because, unlike public schools:

A) Classes cannot adhere to uniform starting and ending dates for everyone
B) There may not be enough students to divide classes according to grade levels
C) Studies have proven that those in correctional institutions are slower learners
D) A and B
E) All of the above

Question 16

Beyond the fact that not all of the work provided is meaningful, the major deficiency with vocational training programs in prisons today is the fact that:

A) Most inmates fail to successfully complete the training
B) Very few inmates want to participate in such programs
C) Everyone who wants to participate cannot be accommodated
D) Only those inmates who are willing to join labor unions are eligible to participate
E) Most wardens oppose vocational training programs

Question 17

Involving the private sector in vocational training programs in correctional settings has raised problems in terms of:

A) Recruiting private industries to come into prisons
B) Determining appropriate wages and benefits
C) Conflicts between correctional management and such industrial practices as collective bargaining
D) B and C
E) All of the above

Question 18

The major deficiency in terms of vocational training programs in corrections is that few inmates are motivated to participate in them.

Question 19

From an institutional perspective, prison labor is provided to reduce operating costs and inmate idleness.

Question 20

Private industries have been very willing to become involved with vocational training in prisons, despite the resistance of many wardens.

Question 21

Paying inmates lower wages than those on the outside cannot be used to attract private industries into prisons and jails because federal law prohibits it.

Question 22

During the years when the medical model shaped correctional practices, treatment programs were widely available throughout most correctional institutions.

Question 23

Today, there are more custody/security personnel in correctional facilities than treatment personnel.

Question 24

Adult inmates do not have a constitutional right to treatment.

Question 25

The courts have held that, when an offender desires to participate in treatment, failure to provide it constitutes cruel and unusual punishment.

Question 26

The most common form of treatment in prison is psychotherapy.

Question 27

Because it is more economical, correctional treatment is most likely to use _______ methods. Select the option that makes this statement true when placed in the blank:

A) Therapeutic
B) Psychoanalytical
C) Long-term
D) Group
E) B and C

Question 28

Peer counseling and self-help groups have the advantage of providing participants with:

A) Economic incentives
B) Psychoanalytic therapy
C) Mutual support
D) Social casework
E) Cognitive restructuring

Question 29

Use the following options to identify what is described in the next series of statements:

-Focuses on long-term therapy to uncover deep-rooted causes of behavior.

A) Behavior modification
B) Computer-assisted instruction
C) Individual counseling
D) Group techniques
E) Psychiatric analysis
F) Therapeutic community
G) Social casework
H) Reality therapy

Question 30

Use the following options to identify what is described in the next series of statements:

-Attempts to establish a one-on-one relationship with a client in an effort to understand and help solve the client's problem through mutual consent.

A) Behavior modification
B) Computer-assisted instruction
C) Individual counseling
D) Group techniques
E) Psychiatric analysis
F) Therapeutic community
G) Social casework
H) Reality therapy

Question 31

Use the following options to identify what is described in the next series of statements:

-Removes the threat of authority and promotes change through positive peer pressure.

A) Behavior modification
B) Computer-assisted instruction
C) Individual counseling
D) Group techniques
E) Psychiatric analysis
F) Therapeutic community
G) Social casework
H) Reality therapy

Question 32

Use the following options to identify what is described in the next series of statements:

-One example is inmates seeking self-help through Alcoholics Anonymous.

A) Behavior modification
B) Computer-assisted instruction
C) Individual counseling
D) Group techniques
E) Psychiatric analysis
F) Therapeutic community
G) Social casework
H) Reality therapy

Question 33

Use the following options to identify what is described in the next series of statements:

-Attempts to change behavior through the conditioning power of rewards and punishments.

A) Behavior modification
B) Computer-assisted instruction
C) Individual counseling
D) Group techniques
E) Psychiatric analysis
F) Therapeutic community
G) Social casework
H) Reality therapy

Question 34

Use the following options to identify what is described in the next series of statements:

-One difficulty is identifying effective reinforcers that motivate all inmates equally.

A) Behavior modification
B) Computer-assisted instruction
C) Individual counseling
D) Group techniques
E) Psychiatric analysis
F) Therapeutic community
G) Social casework
H) Reality therapy

Question 35

Use the following options to identify what is described in the next series of statements:

-Vulnerable to manipulation, as clever inmates superficially comply with expectations by "playing the game" without changing their fundamental behavior.

A) Behavior modification
B) Computer-assisted instruction
C) Individual counseling
D) Group techniques
E) Psychiatric analysis
F) Therapeutic community
G) Social casework
H) Reality therapy

Question 36

Use the following options to identify what is described in the next series of statements:

-More frequently used in community corrections than institutional settings.

A) Behavior modification
B) Computer-assisted instruction
C) Individual counseling
D) Group techniques
E) Psychiatric analysis
F) Therapeutic community
G) Social casework
H) Reality therapy

Question 37

Use the following options to identify what is described in the next series of statements:

-Some aversive techniques such as electroshock have been performed under the name of this type of treatment.

A) Behavior modification
B) Computer-assisted instruction
C) Individual counseling
D) Group techniques
E) Psychiatric analysis
F) Therapeutic community
G) Social casework
H) Reality therapy

Question 38

Use the following options to identify what is described in the next series of statements:

-Emphasizes taking responsibility for one's own actions, living in the "here and now," and facing the consequences of one's behavior.

A) Behavior modification
B) Computer-assisted instruction
C) Individual counseling
D) Group techniques
E) Psychiatric analysis
F) Therapeutic community
G) Social casework
H) Reality therapy

Question 39

Use the following options to identify what is described in the next series of statements:

-A multifaceted, holistic approach that combines treatment-oriented custodial staff with peer support.

A) Behavior modification
B) Computer-assisted instruction
C) Individual counseling
D) Group techniques
E) Psychiatric analysis
F) Therapeutic community
G) Social casework
H) Reality therapy

Question 40

This approach is more likely to be found in a community-based setting than within a correctional institution:

A) Psychiatric treatment
B) Social casework
C) Individual counseling
D) Psychodrama
E) Transactional analysis

Question 41

The above approach has traditionally been more often found in community-based corrections than in an institutional setting because it:

A) Focuses on empowering the client
B) Does not fit well within the authoritative environment of most prisons
C) Requires more space than is available in most prisons
D) A and B
E) All of the above

Question 42

An institutional environment totally directed toward behavioral change, where a number of interdisciplinary treatment techniques are reinforced by a treatment-oriented custodial staff, is known as:

A) Psychiatric treatment
B) Social casework
C) Transactional analysis
D) A psychodrama
E) A therapeutic community

Question 43

The major deficiency in terms of vocational training programs in corrections is that few inmates are motivated to participate in them.

Question 44

One of the limitations of using objective prediction models in classification is that they are designed more for the purpose of _______. Select the option that makes this statement true when placed in the blanks:

A)Custodial considerations related to inmate management rather than meeting treatment needs
B)Addressing external political considerations rather than providing inmate treatment
C)Placing inmates in vocational training programs rather than effectively managing behavior
D)Diagnosing treatment needs rather than meeting facility management needs
E)Objectively determining release dates rather than providing meaningful programs during confinement

Question 45

Using objective prediction models in classification has been criticized on the basis that there is a tendency to view them as more valid and trustworthy simply because they are based on:

A)Psychological exams
B)The opinions of subject matter experts
C)The warden's experience
D)Numerical calculations
E)A and B

Question 46

The use of objective prediction models in classification decision-making:

A)Is faster
B)Standardizes the factors on which decisions are made
C)Is primarily designed to match inmate needs with proper treatment programs
D)A and B
E)All of the above

Question 47

This position has been a key component of prisons since the original emphasis of the Quakers in the Walnut Street Jail. While not technically considered "treatment," the functions of this individual make life in confinement more tolerable, and in many cases, also contribute toward the rehabilitative process. The position being described, which is included on the staff of virtually all prisons and jails on a full-time, part-time, or voluntary basis is that of the:

A)Warden
B)Psychologist
C)Foreman
D)Educator
E)Chaplain

Question 48

Biblical perspectives are blended with cognitive therapeutic techniques in the treatment approach known as:

A)Therapeutic communities
B)Faith-based programming
C)Victimstance programs
D)Behavior modification
E)Cognitive casework

Question 49

Vocational training programs in correctional institutions have been developed in order to:

A)Occupy time during confinement
B)Teach inmates work habits
C)Enable inmates to earn wages
D)A and B
E)All of the above

Question 50

Providing education in a correctional setting is difficult because, unlike public schools:

A)Classes cannot adhere to uniform starting and ending dates for everyone
B)There may not be enough students to divide classes according to grade levels
C)Studies have proven that those in correctional institutions are slower learners
D)A and B
E)All of the above

Question 51

Beyond the fact that not all of the work provided is meaningful, the major deficiency with vocational training programs in prisons today is the fact that:

A)Most inmates fail to successfully complete the training
B)Very few inmates want to participate in such programs
C)Everyone who wants to participate cannot be accommodated
D)Only those inmates who are willing to join labor unions are eligible to participate
E)Most wardens oppose vocational training programs

Question 52

Involving the private sector in vocational training programs in correctional settings has raised problems in terms of:

A)Recruiting private industries to come into prisons
B)Determining appropriate wages and benefits
C)Conflicts between correctional management and such industrial practices as collective bargaining
D)B and C
E)All of the above

Question 53

Because it is more economical, correctional treatment is most likely to use _____________ methods. Select the option that makes this statement true when placed in the blank:

A)Therapeutic
B)Psychoanalytical
C)Long-term
D)Group
E)B and C

Question 54

Peer counseling and self-help groups have the advantage of providing participants with:

A)Economic incentives
B)Psychoanalytic therapy
C)Mutual support
D)Social casework
E)Cognitive restructuring

Question 55

This approach is more likely to be found in a community-based setting than within a correctional institution:

A)Psychiatric treatment
B)Social casework
C)Individual counseling
D)Psychodrama
E)Transactional analysis

Question 56

The above approach has traditionally been more often found in community-based corrections than in an institutional setting because it:

A)Focuses on empowering the client
B)Does not fit well within the authoritative environment of most prisons
C)Requires more space than is available in most prisons
D)A and B
E)All of the above

Question 57

A first-time offender convicted of auto theft is assigned to a maximum security prison. This is an example of:

A)Underclassification
B)Proper classification
C)Overclassification
D)Clinical assessment
E)Custodial zoning

Question 58

When inmates are overclassified, it means that they are assigned to:

A)A higher level of security than is necessary
B)An over-abundance of work details
C)An overactive cellblock
D)A longer sentence than they had anticipated
E)More training and/or treatment programs than they have time to attend

Question 59

Although classification was a key ingredient of the above, the intended results were largely ineffective because, in addition to insufficient staffing:

A)High-risk offenders were not properly identified
B)The process was based on the belief that offenders committed crimes of their own free will
C)Participation in treatment was not entirely voluntary, so inmates were not highly motivated to change
D)The risks outweighed the benefits
E)The process focused on objective prediction models, which were not always accurate

Question 60

From an institutional perspective, prison labor is provided to reduce operating costs and inmate idleness.

Question 61

Private industries have been very willing to become involved with vocational training in prisons, despite the resistance of many wardens.

Question 62

Paying inmates lower wages than those on the outside cannot be used to attract private industries into prisons and jails because federal law prohibits it.

Question 63

During the years when the medical model shaped correctional practices, treatment programs were widely available throughout most correctional institutions.

Question 64

The courts have held that when an offender desires to participate in treatment, failure to provide it constitutes cruel and unusual punishment.

Question 65

In a correctional facility, classification can serve to:

A)Group inmates together who share similar needs
B)More effectively allocate staff and resources
C)Assign inmates to an appropriate security level
D)Match inmates with available treatment services
E)All of the above

Question 66

Since the 1980's, classification has primarily been used for:

A)Diagnosis
B)Treatment
C)Security
D)A and B
E)All of the above

Question 67

In addition to where the inmate will be housed, decisions made during classification include:

A)Whether the inmate will receive treatment or be given a work assignment
B)Whether the inmate will be eligible for parole consideration
C)What type of punishment the inmate will receive for violating institutional rules and regulations
D)All of the above

Question 68

The institutional classification process is a key ingredient of:

A)The justice model
B)The medical model
C)Selective incapacitation
D)Participatory management
E)C and D

Question 69

An institutional environment totally directed toward behavioral change, where a number of interdisciplinary treatment techniques are reinforced by a treatment-oriented custodial staff is known as:

A)Psychiatric treatment
B)Social casework
C)Transactional analysis
D)A psychodrama
E)A therapeutic community