Deck 35: Collecting Data

Question 1

If you have three experimental conditions, A, B and C, which of the following represents a Latin Square counterbalancing order?

A) Group 1: ABC; Group 2: CAB; Group 3: BCA
B) Group 1: ABC; Group 2: CBA; Group 3: ACB
C) Group 1: ABC; Group 2: BCA; Group 3: BAC
D) Group 1: ABC; Group 2: BCA; Group 3: ACB

Answer 1

Group 1: ABC; Group 2: CAB; Group 3: BCA

Question 2

Developing knowledge on a case-by-case basis is known as:

A) a nomothetic approach.
B) an idiographic approach.
C) a cross-sectional approach.
D) an observational approach.

Answer 2

an idiographic approach.

Question 3

A theory that looks at general laws is known as:

A) Nomothetic
B) Idiographic
C) One-tailed
D) Two-tailed

Answer 3

Nomothetic

Question 4

When a participant is used to introduce the researcher to further participants, this is known as:

A) opportunity sampling.
B) random sampling.
C) snowball sampling.
D) volunteer sampling.

Question 5

A sample based on a naturally-occurring group is known as:

A) an opportunity sample.
B) a random sample.
C) a snowball sample.
D) a cluster sample.

Question 6

A sample of people that happen to be available is called:

A) an opportunity sample.
B) a random sample.
C) a snowball sample.
D) a cluster sample.

Question 7

Variation due to some genuine effect is known as:

A) unsystematic variance.
B) homogenous variance.
C) systematic variance.
D) residual variance.

Question 8

Research in which the researcher does not intervene or exert control over events or variables is called:

A) experimental research.
B) longitudinal research.
C) observational research.
D) qualitative research.

Question 9

According to the British Psychological Society code of conduct, when conducting research that involves deceiving participants it is important to:

A) consult appropriately upon the way that the withholding of information or deliberate deception will be received.
B) ensure that the sample is aged over 18.
C) not reveal the deception to people in the debriefing in case they object.
D) pay them more money to compensate.

Question 10

A researcher tested 40 6-year-old children. Each child signed a consent form and then engaged in a task where they had to use two dolls (one representing themselves and one representing a teacher) to enact a time when their teacher had been angry with them. All children were videotaped and some children were told that their teacher would see the tape, but in fact this wasn't true. All children were thoroughly debriefed at the end of the study. What is the biggest ethical consideration with this study?

A) Children should not be deceived.
B) Children under 16 cannot give their own consent.
C) Children should not be videotaped.
D) Children should not be asked to enact negative encounters with their teacher.

Question 11

An experimental design in which participants in different groups are the same on certain important variables (e.g. IQ, gender, age) is known as a:

A) repeated measures design.
B) a mixed design.
C) a quasi-experimental design.
D) a matched design.

Question 12

Which of the following statistical tests allows causal inferences to be made:

A) Analysis of variance
B) Regression
C) T-test
D) None of the above.

Question 13

A researcher tested 40 6-year-old children. Each child engaged in a task where they had to use two dolls (one representing themselves and one representing a teacher) to enact a time when their teacher had been angry with them. All children were videotaped and 20 children were told that their teacher would see the tape and 20 were not. What experimental design has been used?

A) A repeated measures design.
B) A matched design.
C) A mixed design.
D) A between-subject design.

Question 14

A researcher tested 40 adults. Each adult had to rate their mood after listening to a tape of people being sick, and then again after a tape of people laughing. What experimental design has been used?

A) A repeated measures design.
B) A matched design.
C) A mixed design.
D) A between-subject design.

Question 15

A researcher tested 40 adults. Each adult had to rate their mood after listening to a tape of people being sick, and then again after a tape of people laughing. Half of the participants were asked to visualize the people that they could hear on the tape, whereas the other half just listened. What experimental design has been used?

A) A repeated measures design.
B) A matched design.
C) A mixed design.
D) A between-subject design.

Question 16

A researcher measured people's physiological reactions to horror films. He split the data into two groups: males and females. What experimental design has been used?

A) A quasi-experimental design.
B) A matched design.
C) A mixed design.
D) A between-subject design.