Deck 22: Attribution

Question 1

The theory concerned with how we explain our own and other people's behaviour is:

A) attribution theory.
B) theory of planned behaviour.
C) actor-observer differences.
D) impression formation theory.

Answer 1

attribution theory.

Question 2

Which of the following people is NOT associated with theories of attribution?

A) Festinger
B) Weiner
C) Heider
D) Kelley

Answer 2

Festinger

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT consistent with Heider's common sense approach to attribution?

A) The distinction between dispositional and situational attributions.
B) That people are more likely to make dispositional attributions before situational ones.
C) That human beings are naïve scientists.
D) That knowing what others believe is not important for predicting their future intentions.

Answer 3

That knowing what others believe is not important for predicting their future intentions.

Question 4

Correspondence inference theory was developed by:

A) Kelley
B) Weiner
C) Heider
D) Jones and Davis

Question 5

Correspondence inference theory focuses on:

A) how people infer causes for their own behaviour.
B) how people infer causes for other people's behaviour based on these people's dispositions.
C) how other people infer causes for other people's behaviour based on situational factors.
D) how people infer causes for other people's behaviour based on group membership.

Question 6

The covariation model was developed by:

A) Kelley
B) Weiner
C) Heider
D) Jones and Davis

Question 7

Another name for the covariation model is:

A) the configuration model.
B) the correspondence inference model.
C) the non-common effects model.
D) the ANOVA model.

Question 8

How many kinds of causal information does the covariation account suggest we use for forming attributions?

A) Two
B) Three
C) Four
D) Five

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT true of the covariation model?

A) It concerns instances in which we make attributions based on multiple observations.
B) It concerns instances in which we make attributions based on single observations.
C) It concerns both situational and dispositional attributions.
D) It concerns both internal and external attributions.

Question 10

The types of information used to arrive at a causal attribution in the covariation model are:

A) distinctiveness, consistency and consensus.
B) distinctiveness, consistency and dispositional.
C) distinctiveness, consistency and situational.
D) distinctiveness, consistency and personality.

Question 11

The configuration account was developed by:

A) Weiner
B) Kelley
C) Heider
D) Jones and Davis

Question 12

Which of the following is FALSE according to the configuration account?

A) It concerns instances in which we make attributions based on multiple observations.
B) It concerns instances in which we make attributions based on single observations.
C) It concerns the use of causal schema.
D) It concerns the discounting principle.

Question 13

Which of the following is a causal schema, as proposed in the configuration account?

A) Multiple sufficient causal schema
B) Specific causal schema.
C) Discounting schema
D) Augmentation schema

Question 14

Which person is associated with significant work on the attribution of success and failure?

A) Kelley
B) Weiner
C) Heider
D) Jones and Davis

Question 15

Which of the following causal dimensions are NOT used in Weiner's attribution model?

A) Locus
B) Stability
C) Controllability
D) Augmentation

Question 16

Which of the following does Weiner propose occurs as a result of success or failure before the causal attribution process?

A) Input dependent effect
B) Outcome dependent effect
C) Independent output effect
D) Dissonance effect

Question 17

Attributions that are made without a person being consciously aware of alternative causes are called:

A) dispositional attributions.
B) situational attributions.
C) spontaneous attributions.
D) deliberative attributions.

Question 18

Spontaneous attributions require:

A) sustained cognitive effort.
B) little cognitive effort.
C) lots of information processing.
D) high levels of motivation.

Question 19

The tendency to infer a person's dispositional attributes from his or her behaviour when other possible causes for the behaviour are also present is called the:

A) correspondence bias.
B) actor-observer differences.
C) false consensus effect.
D) self-enhancing bias.

Question 20

The tendency for people to underestimate the role of situational factors and overestimate the role of dispositional factors in explaining behaviour is called the:

A) self-enhancing bias.
B) fundamental attribution error.
C) false consensus effect.
D) self-protective bias.

Question 21

The tendency to overestimate how common one's own behaviour is or attitudes are among other people is called the:

A) self-enhancing bias.
B) fundamental attribution error.
C) false consensus effect.
D) self-protective bias.