Deck 6: An Overview of Correctional Classification Systems

Question 1

What are the common points of the classification systems?

Answer 1

No Answer

Question 2

What purposes are served by correctional classification?

Answer 2

No Answer

Question 3

What is the difference between a static classification system and a dynamic classification system? Why is the difference important?

Answer 3

No Answer

Question 4

What do authors mean when referring to the "myth of efficiency?"

Question 5

Distinguish among the risk principle, the needs principle, and the responsivity principle. How is each important to correctional treatment efforts?

Question 6

How might an accurate needs or responsivity assessment make a correctional treatment program more effective?

Question 7

What is meant by the statement that a classification system should be valid and reliable?

Question 8

Why is it unethical to use a classification system that is not known to be valid?

Question 9

Correctional classification represents one of the most popular innovations in the treatment technology of the 1960s and 1970s

Question 10

Structured tests and procedures are a more subjective way of classifying clients as opposed to the older, open-ended model

Question 11

Correctional classification systems are usually administered to all clients in a correctional institution or program at the point of intake

Question 12

A needs assessment assigns clients to institution- or community-based correctional options on the basis of security criteria

Question 13

Upon completion of the classification process, clients are classified into subgroups that are relatively heterogeneous

Question 14

Only recently have classification systems addressed correctional goals of security and custody

Question 15

Only recently has the risk principle been used to assist in rehabilitative efforts

Question 16

Research indicates that intensive correctional treatments are less successful with clients who are high-risk

Question 17

The risk principle, when applied to groups of low-risk individuals, notes that they do not do well in intensive therapy

Question 18

Some responsivity factors do not have to be addressed in treatment

Question 19

Responsivity is a vehicle for making differential treatment assignments

Question 20

In a growing number of community control agencies, risk and needs assessments are being combined into a single instrument

Question 21

Most states have examined their classification instruments and have found them to be valid for justice-involved women

Question 22

Gender-neutral classification instruments tend to overclassify women by assigning them to higher-than-necessary security levels

Question 23

Psychological systems identify clients according to important treatment needs (e.g., educational, employment, family, mental health, economic, etc.)

Question 24

The Interpersonal Maturity Level (I-Level) is a classification system based on the ways in which people view themselves and others, as well as the ways in which they interact with others

Question 25

This Jesness Inventory-Revised test was developed for adolescents, but may now be used with both adults and adolescents.-------------------------------

Question 26

The asocial passive responds to unmet demands through increased interpersonal interaction

Question 27

The Adult Internal Management System (AIMS) differs from all other systems because the classification does not directly involve input from the client.-------------------------------

Question 28

Regarding the future of criminal classification systems, one new direction is the development of seamless classification systems. -------------------------------

Question 29

Which of the following is not true regarding criminal classification systems?

A) They are usually administered to clients at the point of intake.
B) They assist correctional decision makers in allocating resources efficiently.
C) They have become more subjective over the past 20 years.
D) They can enhance treatment effectiveness.

Question 30

Classification subgrouping assists the correctional program in all but which of the following?

A) predictions about future behavior
B) identifying client needs
C) allocation of staff and other program resources
D) classification subgrouping assists the correctional program in all of the above activities

Question 31

The treatment implications of the risk principle include:

A) identifying high-, medium-, and low-risk clients.
B) directing intensive treatment efforts to high- and medium-risk clients.
C) refraining from assigning low-risk clients to intensive interventions.
D) all of the above

Question 32

Andrews and Bonta noted a number of common criminogenic needs. Which of the following is not a criminogenic need?

A) antisocial associates
B) antisocial values and attitudes
C) antisocial personality characteristics
D) family history of antisocial behavior

Question 33

The ____________ maintains that needs related to future offending should receive high priority as we match clients to programs

A) risk principle
B) needs principle
C) responsivity principle
D) gender-responsive principle

Question 34

Factors such as intelligence, anxiety, cognitive maturity, attention deficit disorder, and learning style are particularly relevant to which of the following classification principles?

A) responsivity principle
B) personality principle
C) needs principle
D) risk principle

Question 35

What are additional purposes of classification?

A) Classification helps correctional administrators allocate resources.
B) Classification helps streamline decision-making.
C) Classification helps us to make decisions in an equitable manner.
D) all of the above

Question 36

Gender-neutral classification systems:

A) are valid for equally predicting male and female risk and needs.
B) are preferred for use across all correctional populations.
C) tend to overclassify women clients.
D) none of the above

Question 37

The American Correctional Association recommends supplementing needs assessments with:

A) presentence investigations.
B) medical reports.
C) psychological evaluations.
D) all of the above

Question 38

The classification system and treatment model that is based on the ways in which people view themselves and others, as well as the ways in which they interact with others, is known as:

A) Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development.
B) Megargee's MMPI-based Typology.
C) Behavioral Classification System for Adult Offenders.
D) Interpersonal Maturity (Jesness Inventory-Revised).

Question 39

Conforming to whoever has the power at the moment and seeing self as less powerful than others best describes which subtype of the I-level classification system?

A) Asocial Passive
B) Immature Conformist
C) Cultural Conformist
D) Cultural Identifier

Question 40

Which of the following definitions best characterizes the Cultural Identifier?

A) conforms exclusively to a specific group of peers.
B) conforms to whoever has the power at the moment.
C) internalizes certain values as part of his or her own socialization.
D) counteractive to any source of power, adult or peer.

Question 41

Which of the following is not one of the five personality types that can be diagnosed in the Adult Internal Management System?

A) Inadequate-Dependent
B) Neurotic-Anxious
C) Manipulative
D) Neurotic Acting-Out

Question 42

Which of the following is not an example of psychological classification?

A) Interpersonal Maturity Level (I-level)
B) Salient Factor Score
C) Adult Internal Management System (AIMS)
D) Megargee MMPI-based typology

Question 43

The developmental component of the Jesness Inventory-Revised (I-level) assumes that cognitive development:

A) involves changes in qualitative thought processes.
B) has a strong affective component.
C) occurs through the stages of human development.
D) both a and c are correct

Question 44

The personality-based subtype that is characterized by a negative self-image, a high level of activity, social distancing, and verbal attacks is:

A) neurotic anxious.
B) immature conformist.
C) asocial aggressive.
D) neurotic acting-out.

Question 45

The Megargee MMPI-based Typology was designed for use with:

A) youth.
B) clients who are psychotic.
C) adult and youth.
D) clients who are psychotic and obsessive-compulsive.

Question 46

Which of the following has traditionally not been a commonly used classification system?

A) risk assessment
B) criminogenic needs assessment
C) needs assessment
D) psychological assessment

Question 47

Which of the following is not a new direction in the evolution of correctional classification and assessment?

A) internal personality assessments.
B) gender-responsive correctional classification and assessment.
C) development of risk models for specific types of clients.
D) seamless classification systems.

Question 48

Why is validity regarding classification systems an ethical consideration?

A) clients can be profoundly affected by their correctional classification.
B) risk assessments sometimes determine early prison release.
C) prison classification systems determine whether a client will be placed in a minimum-custody facility or in a medium- or maximum-custody facility.
D) all of the above.