Deck 1: Customs Officer

Question 1

Often, crimes are characterized as either malum in se-inherently evil-or malum prohibitum- criminal because they are declared as offenses by a legislature. Murder is an example of the former. Failing to file a tax return illustrates the latter. Some jurisdictions no longer distinguish between crimes malum in se and malum prohibitum, although many still do

A)Many jurisdictions no longer distinguish between crimes malum in se and malum prohibitum
B)Some jurisdictions still distinguish between crimes malum in se and malum prohibitum
C)Some crimes characterized as malum in se are not inherently evil
D)Some crimes characterized as malum prohibitum are not declared by a legislature to be an offense
E)Sometimes failing to file a tax return is characterized as malum in se

Answer 1

Some jurisdictions still distinguish between crimes malum in se and malum prohibitum

Question 2

A trucking company can act as a common carrier-for hire to the general public at published rates. As a common carrier, it is liable for any cargo damage, unless the company can show that it was not negligent. If the company can demonstrate that it was not negligent, then it is not liable for cargo damage. In contrast, a contract carrier (a trucking company hired by a shipper under a specific contract) is only responsible for cargo damage as spelled out in the contract. A Claus Inc. tractortrailer, acting under common carrier authority, was in a 5-vehicle accident that damaged its cargo. A Nichols Inc. tractor-trailer, acting under contract carrier authority, was involved in the same accident, and its cargo was also damaged.

A)If Claus Inc. is liable, then it can show that it was not negligent
B)If Claus Inc. cannot show that it was not negligent, then it is not liable
C)If Claus Inc. can show that it was not negligent, then it is not liable
D)If Nichols Inc. is liable, then it cannot show that it is negligent
E)If Nichols Inc. can show that it is not negligent, then it is not liable

Answer 2

If Claus Inc. can show that it was not negligent, then it is not liable

Question 3

A rapidly changing technical environment in government is promoting greater reliance on electronic mail (e-mail) systems. As this usage grows, there are increasing chances of conflict between the users? expectations of privacy and public access rights. In some investigations, access to all e-mail, including those messages stored in archival files and messages outside the scope of the investigation, has been sought and granted. In spite of this, some people send messages through e-mail that would never be said face-to-face or written formally.

A)Some e-mail messages that have been requested as part of investigations have contained messages that would never be said face-to-face
B)Some messages that people would never say face-to-face are sent in e-mail messages
C)Some e-mail messages have been requested as part of investigations
D)E-mail messages have not been exempted from investigations
E)Some e-mail messages contain information that would be omitted from formal writing

Answer 3

Some e-mail messages that have been requested as part of investigations have contained messages that would never be said face-to-face

Question 4

Phyllis T. is a former Federal employee who was entitled to benefits under the Federal Employee Compensation Act because of a job-related, disabling injury. When an eligible Federal employee has such an injury, the benefit is determined by this test: If the beneficiary is married or has dependents, benefits are 3/4 of the person?s salary at the time of the injury; otherwise, benefits are set at 2/3 of the salary. Phyllis T.?s benefits were 2/3 of her salary when she was injured.

A)Was married but without dependents
B)Was not married and had no dependents
C)Was not married but had dependents.
D)Was not married but had dependents
E)Had never been married

Question 5

Some 480,000 immigrants were living in a certain country in 1999. Although most of these immigrants were not employed in professional occupations, many of them were. For instance, many of them were engineers and many of them were nurses. Very few of these immigrants were librarians, another professional occupation.

A)Most immigrants were either engineers or nurses
B)It is not the case that some of the nurses were immigrants
C)None of the engineers were immigrants
D)Most of those not employed in professional occupations were immigrants
E)Some of the engineers were immigrants

Question 6

Despite the fact that HIV is not easily transmitted, its deadly potential requires that law enforcement officers protect themselves from becoming infected by it. At the Callen Precinct, officers use only disposable items for collecting evidence whenever blood is present. While investigating a particular crime scene where blood was present, Detective R.C. of the Callen Precinct used only disposable items for collecting evidence.

A)Detective R.C. does not always use disposable items when blood is present
B)Whenever blood is not present, Detective R.C. does not use only disposable items
C)Detective R.C. uses only disposable items whenever blood is not present
D)No officers at the Callen Precinct use non-disposable items whenever blood is present
E)Some officers at the Callen Precinct do not use disposable items exclusively whenever blood is present

Question 7

Impressions made by the ridges on the ends of the fingers and thumbs are useful means of identification, since no two persons have the same pattern of ridges. If finger patterns from fingerprints are not decipherable, then they cannot be classified by general shape and contour or by pattern type. If they cannot be classified by these characteristics, then it is impossible to identify the person to whom the fingerprints belong.

A)If it is possible to identify the person to whom fingerprints belong, then the fingerprints are decipherable
B)If finger patterns from fingerprints are not decipherable, then it is impossible to identify the person to whom the fingerprints belong
C)If fingerprints are decipherable, then it is impossible to identify the person to whom they belong
D)If fingerprints can be classified by general shape and contour or by pattern type, then they are decipherable
E)If it is possible to identify the person to whom fingerprints belong, then the fingerprints can be classified by general shape and contour or pattern type

Question 8

Explosives are substances or devices capable of producing a volume of rapidly expanding gases that exert a sudden pressure on their surroundings. Chemical explosives are the most commonly used, although there are mechanical and nuclear explosives. All mechanical explosives are devices in which a physical reaction is produced, such as that caused by overloading a container with compressed air. While nuclear explosives are by far the most powerful, all nuclear explosives have been restricted to military weapons.

A)All explosives that have been restricted to military weapons are nuclear explosives
B)No mechanical explosives are devices in which a physical reaction is produced, such as that caused by overloading a container with compressed air
C)Some nuclear explosives have not been restricted to military weapons
D)All mechanical explosives have been restricted to military weapons
E)Some devices in which a physical reaction is produced, such as that caused by overloading a container with compressed air, are mechanical explosives

Question 9

The alphanumeric coding of a fingerprint is a systematic description of the main patterns on the print. Within a certain metropolitan district, 90% of the population have fingerprints that can be alphanumerically coded.

A)Can be alphanumerically coded, with a probability of 10%
B)Can be alphanumerically coded, with a probability of less than 90%
C)Cannot be alphanumerically coded, with a probability of 10%
D)Cannot be alphanumerically coded, with a probability of up to 90%
E)May be coded alphanumerically, but the probability is unknown

Question 10

Twenty-five percent of the nation?s incoming cargo containers are shipped to the port of Cary, and 10% are shipped to the port of Davidson. Merchandise that arrives at these ports in containers is shipped by truck and rail to its final destination in the United States. Cary is one of the biggest targets for cargo thieves due to the large volume of merchandise shipped there.

A)There is a 75% chance that the container was not shipped to the port of Cary
B)There is a 25% chance that the container was shipped to the port of Davidson
C)There is a 75% chance that the container was shipped to the port of Davidson
D)There is a 25% chance that the container was not shipped to the port of Davidson
E)There is a 90% chance that the container was shipped to the port of Cary

Question 11

Staff at a law enforcement training academy purchases badges at $32 each for all the graduates of the academy. The last training class graduated 25 new officers. What is the total amount of money the academy staff will spend for the badges for these new officers, if the badge vendor provided the Academy a 20% discount on each badge?

A)$800
B)$790
C)$ 640
D)$16
E)None of these

Question 12

The gross weight of merchandise in a container examined by an officer was 108 pounds. According to policy, the officer was required to convert this weight into kilograms. If the formula for conversion is 1.8 pounds for each kilogram, what was the gross weight of the container load in kilograms (rounded to the nearest tenth)?

A)194.0
B)166.6
C)60.0
D)45.0
E)None of these

Question 13

An Agriculture Specialist and her dog found a total of 1,500 packages wrapped in plain brown paper hidden in a large mail container. Upon inspection, the officer found that some of the packages had legal CBP stickers on them and some had illegal stickers from another country. The ratio of packages with legal stickers to packages with illegal stickers was 2:3. How many packages contained illegal stickers?

A)1,000
B)900
C)600
D)500
E)None of these

Question 14

While working the evening shift, Officer Kay took 8 hours to complete a task at her work station and Officer Ming took 10 hours to complete the same task at his work station. How many hours would it take Officer Kay and Officer Ming to complete the same task working together, each working at their own work station?

A)9
B)8 1/9
C)4 4/9
D)6 3/4
E)None of these

Question 15

There are three dogs in a canine team in charge of inspecting cargo at an international airport for prohibited fruits, vegetables, and meats. Last week, one of these dogs identified 20 cartons of prohibited fruit among 120 total cartons on a flight arriving from overseas. Assuming that the dog selected the first carton to be inspected totally at random, what was the probability that this carton contained a shipment of prohibited fruit?

A)1/3
B)1/4
C)1/5
D)1/6
E)None of these

Question 16

One day, Officer Ferong spent 4 hours processing passengers from a flight from Brazil at a rate of 16 passengers every 40 minutes. The next day, she spent 4 hours processing passengers at a rate of 18 every 40 minutes. What was the average number of passengers she processed during these two 4- hour periods?

A)283
B)204
C)141.5
D)102
E)None of these

Question 17

Once a request to carry firearms into a foreign country are approved, a CBP Officer must notify the Office of Foreign Operations for coordination of the request.

A)Change to carry to for carrying
B)Change are to is
C)Change coordination to coordinating
D)No correction is necessary

Question 18

Supervisor Smith knows that it is important for his CBP Agriculture Specialists to understand each of the fundamental principals that apply to all methods of dog training.

A)Change knows that to knows which
B)Change each to each and every one
C)Change principals to principles
D)No correction is necessary

Question 19

The geographical area composing much of the border between the United States and Mexico is considered to have a desert climate.

A)Change between to from
B)Insert a comma after area
C)Change is to are
D)No correction is necessary

Question 20

When writing a report on a drug smuggling incident, it is important to add all dates, times, names, and quotes associated from the case for future reference.

A)change on to around
B)Change incident to incedent
C)Change from to with
D)No correction is necessary

Question 21

Choose the one sentence which is correct in grammar, syntax, punctuation, and spelling and which exemplifies usage suitable to a formal letter or report.

A)The impact of this training requirement will be measured by the number of new CBP Officers who successfully complete the probationary period.
B)The impact that this training requirement has will be measured by the number of new CBP Officers who successfully complete the probationary period.
C)The impact of this training requirement will be measured by the number of new CBP Officers which successfully complete the probationary period.
D)The impact that this training requirement has will be measured by the number of new CBP Officers which successfully complete the probationary period.

Question 22

Sentence which is correct in grammar, syntax, punctuation, and spelling and which exemplifies usage suitable to a formal letter or report

A)The alien?s use of a fraudulant document was a hindrance to the identification of the alien
B)The alien?s use of a fraudelant document was a hindrence to the identification of the alien
C)The alien?s use of a fraudulent document was a hindrance to the identification of the alien.
D)The alien?s use of a fraudelent document was a hindrance to the identification of the alien.

Question 23

(1) First used on a wide scale in 1970, narcotic detector dogs save countless staff hours in locating narcotics in vehicles, mail, unaccompanied baggage, and on cargo ships. A dog and its handler can check 500 packages in 30 minutes; it would take a mail examiner several days to inspect as many. At border ports, a dog can inspect a vehicle in about two minutes; the same search by a CBP Officer would take at least 20 minutes. Therefore, the use of narcotic detector dogs has greatly enhanced the fight against illegal drug smuggling into the United States.(2) While not exactly high-tech, a unique tool in CBP?s drug fight is its force of narcotic detector dogs, their trainers, and the CBP Officers who work with these canine detectors.(3) This fight continues today, extending into the high-tech world of the 21st Century. Through diligence, close inspection, sophisticated technology, and the sacrifice of lives, CBP has given an excellent account of itself in fighting the flow of illegal drugs into this country.(4) Since the repeal of Prohibition in 1933, liquor smuggling has naturally decreased. In later years, however, the illegal entry of narcotics and dangerous drugs increased to threatening proportions. During the 1960s, „70s, and „80s, Federal Officers faced the almost overwhelming task of fighting the influx of opium, heroin, cocaine, hashish, marijuana, and amphetamines into the United States.

A)4 - 3 - 2 - 1
B)3 - 4 - 1 - 2
C)2 - 3 - 4 - 1
D)No correction is necessary

Question 24

(1) Project Shield America will have two operational components. The first will be to reach out and form partnerships with U.S. manufacturers and distributors of the sensitive technology, weapons, and equipment sought by terrorists. The second will be to investigate and halt those attempting to acquire and illegally export weapons components to groups intent on harming America.(2) Beginning immediately, field offices will identify the specific U.S. firms in their areas that manufacture or distribute materials of interest. Agents will then visit these firms and provide them with materials about Project Shield America, information about U.S. export controls, and data about the items sought by terrorists. Most importantly, the agents will encourage these firms to notify agents if they are approached by customers looking to acquire and export their products illegally.(3) In sum, under the banner of Project Shield America, we will partner with U.S. industries to prevent their technological accomplishments from being exploited by terrorists. While some of these materials may seem relatively innocuous and have relatively little monetary value, they can have enormous strategic value in the hands of America's adversaries. These "minor" technological goods could easily become the necessary components for major weapons development by terrorist groups or rogue nations.(4) At the same time, agents will step up their efforts to investigate and prosecute those who attempt to acquire and illegally export sensitive technology, weapons, and equipment to international terrorist organizations. These efforts will include undercover probes and other investigative techniques. The Office of Strategic Investigations will redirect its resources towards the objective of denying terrorist organizations access to these materials. Assistance from U.S. manufacturers and distributors will be crucial in this effort.

A)1 - 4 - 2 - 3
B)1 - 4 - 3 - 2
C)1 - 2 - 4 - 3
D)No correction is necessary

Question 25

Officer Smith is in charge of all of the canine teams in his sector. Fifteen canine teams are stationed in his sector. Most of the canine teams are located at stations along the border. Several canine teams are located away from the border in large urban areas. All of the teams must be available to travel to any duty station within the sector.

A)Most of the canine teams are located away from the border in large urban areas
B)Only teams located along the border must be available to travel to any duty station within the sector
C)Teams in urban areas do not need to be available to travel to other duty stations within the sector
D)None of the teams are exempt from traveling to any duty location within the sector
E)Few of the canine teams are located at stations along the border

Question 26

The Chief of Police strives to provide quality service to the community while using resources efficiently. Accordingly, the Chief must take into account several factors when allocating resources. For example, if it is a holiday weekend, additional staff are assigned to duty. However, if additional staff are assigned to duty, special funding is needed from the city council.

A)If it is a holiday weekend, then special funding is not needed from the city counci
B)If it is not a holiday weekend, then special funding is needed from the city council
C)If special funding is not needed from the city council, then it is not a holiday weekend
D)If special funding is needed from the city council, then it is a holiday weekend
E)If special funding is not needed from the city council, then it is a holiday weekend

Question 27

Several different means of smuggling, such as cross-border tunnels, are used to bring narcotics, individuals, and contraband into the United States. Cross-border tunnels can be found all along the land border of the United States. They vary significantly in size and complexity of construction, although most are crudely constructed. Further, most crossborder tunnels are used for smuggling narcotics, although illegal aliens and other contraband have also been smuggled using tunnels.

A)Most cross-border tunnels are not skillfully constructed
B)All cross-border tunnels are used for narcotics smuggling
C)At least some cross-border tunnels are not free from narcotics smuggling
D)At least some of the means used for narcotics smuggling are cross-border tunnels
E)At least some means used for narcotics smuggling involve crudely constructed tunnels

Question 28

Naturalized U.S. citizens can lose their U.S. citizenship if and only if they expatriate or are denaturalized. Misrepresentation on a legal permanent residence application, certain crimes, and leaving the United States within one year of naturalization to establish permanent residence elsewhere are all grounds for denaturalization. P.C. is a naturalized U.S. citizen.

A)If P.C. loses her U.S. citizenship without being denaturalized, then she must have expatriated
B)If P.C. does not expatriate, then she cannot lose her U.S. citizenship
C)If P.C. is denaturalized, then she must have made a misrepresentation on her legal permanent residence application
D)If P.C. has committed no crimes, then she cannot be denaturalized
E)P)C. cannot lose her U.S. citizenship without being denaturalized

Question 29

Following the Vietnam War, many people from Southeast Asia were paroled into the United States with an indefinite immigration status. In 2003, a new rule was developed to allow for adjustment of immigration status for some of these people. According to the new rule, all nationals of Vietnam (and some others, for example, nationals of Cambodia) who were paroled into the United States through the Orderly Departure Program were eligible to apply for permanent resident status.

A)Everyone eligible to apply for permanent resident status is a national of Vietnam who was paroled into the United States through the Orderly Departure Program
B)No one ineligible to apply for permanent resident status was a national of Vietnam who was paroled into the United States through the Orderly Departure Program
C)Only nationals of Vietnam who were paroled into the United States through the Orderly Departure Program were eligible to apply for permanent resident status
D)Some nationals of Vietnam who were paroled into the United States through the Orderly Departure Program were ineligible to apply for permanent resident status
E)Some of those who were ineligible to apply for permanent resident status were nationals of Vietnam who were paroled into the United States through the Orderly Departure Program

Question 30

An employer is permitted to hire a new employee only if the employer is able to verify that the applicant's employment documentation establishes both of the following: 1) the applicant is authorized to work in the United States and 2) the applicant who presents the employment authorization document is the person to whom the documentation was issued. An employer cannot request that an applicant provide more or different documents than required. If the documentation appears false or unrelated, employers must refuse acceptance and ask for other documentation from the Government's list of acceptable documents.

A)No employer is permitted to limit which documents it will accept for verification of employment authorization
B)If an employer cannot verify that an applicant is authorized to work, then the employer is not permitted to hire the applicant
C)If an applicant's documentation appears to be true and relevant to an employer, the employer must refuse acceptance and ask for other documentation from the Government's list of acceptable documents
D)An employer may request different employment documentation if the provided documentation appears to be altered
E)If an applicant is permitted to be hired, then the applicant has verifiable employment authorization

Question 31

Although the owner of a certain farm said that all her Central American (for example, Salvadoran and Honduran) workers were working legally, officers discovered that many of the farm's employees were not authorized to work in the United States. After checking the employees' documentation, officers discovered that all of the female employees were working in the United States legally and none of the illegal workers were from Honduras.

A)All of the employees from Honduras were working legally
B)Some of the women were illegal workers
C)None of the employees from Honduras were female
D)Some of the female employees were from Honduras
E)All of the Salvadoran employees were women

Question 32

The two ways of acquiring U.S. citizenship at birth are by place of birth and inheritance from U.S. citizen parents. Any child born in the United States while under U.S. jurisdiction is a U.S. citizen at birth. Because foreign ambassadors are not subject to U.S. jurisdiction, children born in the United States to foreign ambassadors do not obtain U.S. citizenship at birth. Children born overseas to U.S. citizen parents derive U.S. citizenship at birth, as long as the parents previously lived in the United States for a sufficient period of time. All others must naturalize to become citizens. J.B. was not a U.S. citizen at birth. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn about J.B.?

A)Was born in the United States
B)Was born overseas to U.S. citizen parents
C)Was not born in the United States to U.S. citizen parents
D)Was not born overseas to U.S. citizen parents
E)Was born to U.S. citizen parents

Question 33

In a certain border state, all state peace officers have the authority to issue state citations for misdemeanor marijuana and paraphernalia offenses committed in their presence. Early last year, a certain CBP Sector in the state began a new operation with state police. Under this operation, all sector canine handlers were cross-designated as state peace officers.

A)At least some law enforcement officers who can issue citations for misdemeanor marijuana and paraphernalia offenses committed in their presence are state peace officers
B)All sector canine handlers have the authority to issue state citations for misdemeanor marijuana and paraphernalia offenses committed in their presence
C)At least some individuals who have the authority to issue citations for misdemeanor marijuana and paraphernalia offenses committed in their presence are sector canine handlers
D)No sector canine handlers lack the authority to issue state citations for misdemeanor marijuana and paraphernalia offenses committed in their presence
E)Only sector canine handlers have the authority to issue citations for misdemeanor marijuana and paraphernalia offenses committed in their presence

Question 34

Reinstatement allows a former Federal employee to reenter the Federal competitive service workforce without competing with the public in a civil service examination. If an applicant has reinstatement eligibility, the applicant is eligible to apply for any open civil service examination, as well as for Federal jobs open only to Federal employees. There is no time limit on reinstatement eligibility in certain cases. For example, if an applicant has veterans' preference or has acquired Federal career tenure by completing three years of substantially continuous creditable service, the applicant has permanent reinstatement eligibility. C.P. formerly worked in the Federal competitive service workforce.

A)If C.P. has neither three years continuous creditable service nor veterans' preference, then C.P. cannot apply for a job open only to status candidates
B)If C.P. has permanent reinstatement eligibility, then C.P. must have veterans' preference or three years of continuous creditable service
C)If C.P. is not reinstatement eligible, then C.P. is not eligible to apply for any open civil service examination or job open only to status candidates
D)If C.P. is eligible to apply for any open civil service examination or job open only to status candidates, then C.P. must have veterans' preference or three years of continuous creditable service
E)If C.P. has veterans' preference, then C.P. is eligible to apply for any open civil service examination

Question 35

When officers must physically force entry into a home, they are required to ensure that the home is in a secure condition when they leave. Failure to secure the home leaves the officers liable for loss of items from the home and/or damage to the home that results from leaving the property unsecured. It is legal to break down doors in order to gain entry, if that degree of force is determined by an officer to be necessary. If an officer forces entry, the officer is required to take measures to minimize damage to the property. Officer Stoler needs to gain entry into a suspect's home.

A)Officer Stoler is required to minimize damage to the home if Officer Stoler forces entry
B)If Officer Stoler is not required to ensure that the home is secure upon leaving, then Officer Stoler did not force entry into the home
C)If Officer Stoler forces entry and fails to secure the home, Officer Stoler may be liable for loss of items resulting from leaving the home unsecured
D)If Officer Stoler must physically force entry into the home, then Officer Stoler is not required to ensure that the home is secure upon leaving
E)Officer Stoler will be required to secure the home unless Officer Stoler does not force entry

Question 36

Recently, officers received leads from informants about possible illegal activity at La Rosita Park. When officers arrived at the park, they drove through the parking lots, looking for individuals and vehicles matching their leads. The officers examined several suspicious vehicles, including many unregistered vehicles. All of the unregistered vehicles contained bundles of marijuana. No arrests have been made in connection with this incident.

A)Several arrests have been made in connection with this incident
B)Some of the vehicles that did not contain bundles of marijuana were unregistered
C)All of the vehicles that contained bundles of marijuana were unregistered
D)All of the vehicles that did not contain bundles of marijuana were registered
E)Some of the vehicles that contained bundles of marijuana were registered

Question 37

Green cards authorize aliens to work in the United States. The cards have a ten-year expiration period. Application for a renewal of a green card can be made up to six months in advance of expiration. In order to apply for renewal of a green card, the applicant is required to apply in person and bring his or her current green card, application, fee, and new photos. It may take one year for applicants to receive new green cards, but temporary documents are provided.

A)An application that does not require the applicant to apply in person cannot be a renewal application for a green card
B)Application for a replacement green card cannot be made more than six months in advance of expiration
C)Green cards are the only work authorization documents that expire after 10 years
D)It is not the case that some green cards never expire
E)Some renewed green cards are not available in less than one year

Question 38

If a non-immigrant alien (for example, a tourist) enters the United States illegally or enters legally but violates his or her non-immigrant status, the alien is considered to be an undocumented alien. If an alien accepts unauthorized employment, remains longer than permitted, or commits one of several other violations, the alien has violated his or her nonimmigrant status. Some of these undocumented aliens purchase counterfeit documents or assume another person's identity by using fraudulently obtained genuine documents. R.G. is a non-immigrant alien who is living in the United States.

A)If R.G. is an undocumented alien, then R.G. must have entered the United States illegally
B)If R.G. has violated non-immigrant status but has not remained in the United States longer than permitted, then R.G. has accepted unauthorized employment
C)If R.G. has not remained in the United States longer than permitted, R.G. is not an undocumented alien
D)If R.G. is an undocumented alien, then R.G. entered the United States legally
E)If R.G. is not an undocumented alien, then R.G. has not accepted unauthorized employment

Question 39

When an illegal alien is being "removed," the alien's passport in U.S. Government possession is returned to the issuing government, not to the illegal alien. If the illegal alien's departure is voluntary, the passport is allowed to be returned to the alien. The U.S. Government holds the passport of H.B., an illegal alien who must leave the country.

A)H)B.'s departure is not voluntary if H.B.'s passport is allowed to be returned to H.B.
B)If H.B.'s passport is not returned to the issuing government upon H.B.'s departure, then H.B. is not being removed
C)H)B.'s departure is not voluntary unless the passport is allowed to be returned to H.B.
D)If H.B.'s passport is not allowed to be returned to H.B., then H.B.'s departure is not voluntary
E)If H.B. is being removed, then H.B.'s passport is to be returned to the issuing government

Question 40

Oleoresin capsicum (OC), or "pepper spray," is an effective law enforcement tool for incapacitating violent or threatening arrestees without using deadly force. Pepper spray causes a burning sensation of the eyes and skin and tearing and swelling of the eyes. Almost all arrestees are unable to see after being sprayed with OC. Some law enforcement agencies that have adopted OC sprays have fewer allegations of use of excessive force. Many law enforcement agencies have reported a reduction in officer and arrestee injuries as a result of the introduction of OC sprays.

A)Any use of a law enforcement tool that causes a burning sensation of the eyes is considered to be the use of deadly force
B)Few arrestees are able to see after being sprayed with OC
C)All law enforcement agencies which have reduced officer and arrestee injuries have also reduced allegations of use of excessive force
D)No agencies that have adopted OC sprays have fewer allegations of use of excessive force
E)Only pepper spray is an effective law enforcement tool for incapacitating violent or threatening arrestees without using deadly force