Deck 14: Infant and Pediatric Devices

Question 1

The recommended flow rate range for the Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Bubble CPAP System is _____ L/min.

A) 2-4
B) 4-6
C) 6-8
D) 8-10

Answer 1

C
The manufacturer-recommended flow rate is 6-8 L/min.

Question 2

The maximum number of hours that the CareFusion AirLife Nasal CPAP System Driver can display trend data is _____ hours.

A) 4
B) 8
C) 12
D) 24

Answer 2

D
The unit has a trend screen that can display data for the previous 4,8,12,or 24 hours,with 24 hours being the maximum amount of time.

Question 3

The CareFusion Airlife Nasal CPAP System Driver is able to operate with its built-in battery for approximately _____ hour(s).

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4

Answer 3

D
The built-in battery has an estimated 4 hours of back-up power when alternating current power is unavailable.

Question 4

The CareFusion SiPAP is set to deliver an inspiratory positive airway pressure of 6 cm H₂O and an expiratory positive airway pressure of 3 cm H₂O.The high airway pressure alarm would activate at which of the following pressures?

A) 9 cm H₂O
B) 11 cm H₂O
C) 17 cm H₂O
D) 21 cm H₂O

Question 5

The range of continuous positive airway pressure that the Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Bubble CPAP System can provide is _____ cm H₂O.

A) 1-10
B) 2-8
C) 3-10
D) 5-15

Question 6

Which alarms remain audible in the standby mode on the CareFusion AirLife Nasal CPAP System Driver?
1)Low flow
2)Disconnect
3)High pressure
4)Low oxygen pressure

A) 1 and 2
B) 1 and 3
C) 2 and 4
D) 3 and 4

Question 7

The Cardinal Health Infant Flow Nasal CPAP System driver can operate on battery power for _____ hours.

A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 10

Question 8

Which of the following are power sources for the Cardinal Health Infant Flow Nasal CPAP System?
1)12-V direct current battery
2)20-psig compressed-air source
3)50-psig oxygen source
4)Alternating current electrical source

A) 1 and 4
B) 1 and 2
C) 2,3,and 4
D) 1,2,3,and 4

Question 9

Which of the following statements is true concerning the CareFusion AirLife Nasal CPAP System Driver?

A) The internal oxygen cell analyzes fractional inspired oxygen and automatically calibrates.
B) The desired continuous positive airway pressure level is adjusted by moving a probe in 1-cm increments.
C) Bilevel airway pressure is available to ventilate newborns with apnea of prematurity.
D) The proximal pressure line of the delivery circuit attaches to the port on the front panel.

Question 10

The Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Bubble CPAP System requires which of the following power sources?
1)110-V alternating current main power
2)12-V direct current battery
3)Air/oxygen blender
4)Air and oxygen high-pressure gas sources

A) 3
B) 1 and 4
C) 1 and 2
D) 2,3,and 4

Question 11

When is the oxygen blender on the CareFusion Infant Flow Nasal CPAP System recalibrated?

A) When the calibration control is activated
B) When the ventilator is turned on
C) When there is a change in the delivered fractional inspired oxygen
D) At start-up and every 12 hours

Question 12

A low battery charge alarm condition on a CareFusion SiPAP is caused by which of the following?

A) Battery charge is totally drained.
B) Battery charge fell below 75%.
C) Battery charge fell below 40%.
D) Battery voltage fell below 10 V.

Question 13

Which of the following units is able to provide more support than traditional noninvasive continuous positive airway pressure to transition infants and pediatric patients from intubation to successful extubation?

A) CareFusion Infant Flow SiPAP System
B) CareFusion Infant Flow Nasal CPAP System
C) Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Bubble CPAP System
D) CareFusion Health AirLife Nasal CPAP System Driver

Question 14

What is the respiratory rate available on the CareFusion SiPAP?

A) 1 to 100 breaths/minute
B) 1 to 125 breaths/minute
C) 1 to 150 breaths/minute
D) 1 to 200 breaths/minute

Question 15

Which of the following statements concerning the CareFusion/Infant Flow SiPAP Comprehensive System is not true?

A) This unit uses an abdominal transducer to detect apnea.
B) This unit is able to provide time-triggered biphasic ventilation.
C) This unit is able to provide patient-triggered biphasic ventilation.
D) The battery can provide 16 hours of operation if alternating current power is lost.

Question 16

Patient inspiration causes which of the following to occur on the CareFusion Infant Flow SiPAP System?

A) The NOR/OR fluidic gate closes.
B) Flow is directed toward the expiratory limb.
C) Flow is taken away from the inspiratory limb.
D) Kinetic energy of flow is converted to pressure.

Question 17

The "comfort-flow feature" on the CareFusion AirLife Nasal CPAP System Driver refers to which of the following?

A) Allows humidification to be used with the unit
B) Enables the unit to alternate between two levels of pressure and flow
C) Allows gas flow reduction on exhalation to reduce resistance
D) Automatically adjusts gas flow by the unit to achieve the desired pressure

Question 18

Which of the following statements concerning the use of the Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Bubble CPAP System is true?

A) The bubbling in the continuous positive airway pressure generator should be vigorous.
B) Blanching around the nostril rim suggests that the prongs are too long.
C) If the prongs are too small, there is a decrease in airway pressure.
D) Place the prongs, with the curved side up, into the infant's nares.

Question 19

What is the maximum amount of time an alarm condition must persist on the CareFusion Infant Flow Nasal CPAP System for an alarm to be delayed when the ventilator is being set up?

A) 30 seconds
B) 60 seconds
C) 90 seconds
D) 120 seconds

Question 20

Which of the following is not true of the Hamilton ARABELLA System?

A) An internal battery is not available.
B) The flow generator is identical to that of the Infant Flow Nasal CPAP System.
C) The set up and operation are exactly the same as the Infant Flow Nasal CPAP System.
D) A higher work of breathing is needed for the Infant Flow Nasal CPAP System.

Question 21

A pressure-support breath on a CareFusion V.I.P.Bird delivers 230 mL,and the peak inspiratory flow is 18 L/min.This breath will flow-cycle at _____ L/min.

A) 0.9
B) 1.8
C) 3.6
D) 4.5

Question 22

The volume delivered by a time-triggered,pressure-limited,time-cycled infant ventilator depends directly on which of the following ventilator parameters?
1)Flow rate
2)Pressure limit
3)Respiratory rate
4)Inspiratory time

A) 1 and 2
B) 2 and 3
C) 1,2,and 4
D) 2,3,and 4

Question 23

The stable jet flow from the ARABELLA System causes which of the following?

A) A decrease in the patient's work of breathing
B) A higher continuous positive airway pressure level for less flow through the system
C) More patient flow to switch from expiration to inspiration
D) More patient expiratory flow to cause a switch to expiration

Question 24

What is the maximum tidal volume available for a time-triggered,pressure-limited,time-cycled infant ventilator with the flow rate set at 6 L/min and the inspiratory time at 0.6 second?

A) 13 mL
B) 36 mL
C) 53 mL
D) 60 mL

Question 25

The volume delivered by a time-triggered,pressure-limited,time-cycled infant ventilator is dependent on which of the following factors?
1)Positive end-expiratory pressure level
2)Airway resistance
3)Lung compliance
4)Chest wall compliance

A) 1 and 3
B) 1,2,and 4
C) 2,3,and 4
D) 1,2,3,and 4

Question 26

The bias flow for the CareFusion V.I.P.Gold Ventilator when the Infant "Smart" Flow Sensor is in use is ____ L/min.

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5

Question 27

What is the amount of pressure drop required to initiate the leak-compensation feature on the CareFusion V.I.P.Bird Infant-Pediatric Ventilator during the volume-cycled mode?

A) 0.25 cm H₂O
B) 0.50 cm H₂O
C) 1.00 cm H₂O
D) 1.50 cm H₂O

Question 28

The CareFusion Bird Partner IIi infant sensor should be cleaned every _____ hours.

A) 24
B) 48
C) 72
D) 96

Question 29

Circuit positive end-expiratory pressure may be avoided by using:

A) demand flow.
B) continuous flow.
C) flow interrupter.
D) overpressure-relief valve.

Question 30

The termination sensitivity control on the Care Fusion V.I.P.Bird Infant-Pediatric Ventilator does which of the following?

A) Makes it easier to trigger a breath
B) Sets the time cycle in the time-cycled modes
C) Sets the flow cycle in the time-cycled modes
D) Adjusts breath termination in pressure support

Question 31

What is the breath termination for a CareFusion V.I.P.Bird Infant-Pediatric Ventilator set to deliver pressure support at tidal volume = 250 mL and peak expiratory flow 15 L/min?

A) Time cycle at 1 second
B) Time cycle at 1.25 second
C) Flow cycle at 1 L/min
D) Flow cycle at 3.75 L/min

Question 32

A pediatric patient is being ventilated with a CareFusion V.I.P.Bird Gold Infant/Pediatric Ventilator in the assist/control volume mode with appropriately set trigger sensitivity.Physical assessment of the patient reveals the use of accessory muscles during patient triggering.What is the most appropriate action?

A) Turn the sensitivity off.
B) Switch to another ventilator.
C) Turn the leak compensation off.
D) Remove the source of the airway leak.

Question 33

What are the two trigger mechanisms for the assist/control volume-cycled mode on the CareFusion V.I.P.Bird Infant-Pediatric Ventilator?
1)Flow
2)Time
3)Volume
4)Pressure

A) 1 and 2
B) 1 and 3
C) 2 and 4
D) 3 and 4

Question 34

Which of the following mechanisms is incorporated into the CareFusion V.I.P.Bird Infant-Pediatric Ventilator to prevent the risk of auto-PEEP during ventilation with the time-cycled modes?

A) Jet Venturi in the exhalation manifold
B) Accumulator before the pneumatic regulator
C) Differential pressure transducer by the control diaphragm
D) Pulsation dampener between the regulator and the flow control

Question 35

What is the maximum available tidal volume for a time-triggered,pressure-limited,time-cycled infant ventilator with the flow rate set at 8 L/min and the inspiratory time at 0.4 second?

A) 19 mL
B) 22 mL
C) 53 mL
D) 88 mL

Question 36

Which of the following statements concerning the CareFusion Bird Partner IIi monitor is true?
1)This device uses a vortex ultrasonic device to measure flow.
2)To prevent obstructions,12 mL/min of gas is passed through the pressure line.
3)This device can measure artificial airway leak only with the use of the infant sensor
4)Placement of the pediatric and infant sensors is the same in the ventilator tubing.

A) 1 and 2
B) 2 and 3
C) 3 and 4
D) 1 and 4

Question 37

With a CareFusion V.I.P.Bird Infant-Pediatric Ventilator,a flashing pressure-support display during spontaneous breathing can be caused by which of the following?

A) Pressure support level too high
B) High-pressure alarm threshold met
C) Leaks around the artificial airway
D) Decreased volume delivery

Question 38

If a pressure-support breath on a CareFusion V.I.P.Bird Infant-Pediatric Ventilator is 25 mL and the peak inspiratory flow is 10 L/min,the breath will flow-cycle at _____ L/min.

A) 0.50
B) 1.00
C) 1.25
D) 2.00

Question 39

What is the maximum tidal volume available for a time-triggered,pressure-limited,time-cycled infant ventilator with a set inspiratory time of 0.5 second and a set flow rate of 12 L/min?

A) 36 mL
B) 100 mL
C) 240 mL
D) 250 mL

Question 40

When using the CareFusion V.I.P.Bird Gold Infant/Pediatric Ventilator with the infant flow sensor,the flow display comp button is pressed. The ventilator's monitor display window shows real-time inspiratory and expiratory flows of 9 L/min and 8.2 L/min.The most appropriate assist sensitivity control setting is ____ L/min.

A) 0.3
B) 0.5
C) 0.8
D) 1.0

Question 41

What is the function of the structure labeled "A" in the following figure of a Bunnell Life Pulse High-Frequency Jet Ventilator?

A) It measures volume.
B) It monitors pressure.
C) It delivers the jet bursts.
D) It allows conventional ventilation.

Question 42

Which of the following statements concerning the volume guarantee mode on the Dräger Babylog 8000 ventilator is true?

A) The breaths are volume-limited in this mode.
B) This mode does not operate with assist/control.
C) The Dräger Babylog 8000 and 8000+ both have this mode.
D) Positional endotracheal tube leaks may be hazardous with this mode.

Question 43

The bias flow for the CareFusion V.I.P.Gold Ventilator when the Pediatric "Smart" Flow Sensor is in use is _____ L/min.

A) 3
B) 4
C) 5
D) 6

Question 44

Which of the following CareFusion V.I.P.Bird Gold Infant Ventilator controls can adjust pressure delivery at the beginning of inspiration in the pressure control,volume-assured pressure support,or pressure support mode?

A) Bias flow
B) Assist sensitivity
C) Rise time
D) Flow display comp

Question 45

The Bunnell Life Pulse High Frequency Jet Ventilator creates high-frequency jet ventilation by using which of the following mechanisms?

A) Rotary piston
B) Pinch valve
C) Spinning ball
D) Flow interrupter

Question 46

On the Dräger Babylog 8000,which of the following is an operator-adjustable alarm?

A) Apnea
B) Oxygen concentration
C) Loss of positive end-expiratory pressure/continuous positive airway pressure
D) High-pressure limit

Question 47

When volume-assured pressure support is selected in the synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation/continuous positive airway pressure/pressure support setting on the CareFusion V.I.P.Bird Gold Infant Ventilator,mandatory breaths are classified as which of the following?

A) Pressure-controlled, time-cycled
B) Volume-controlled, flow-cycled
C) Pressure-controlled, volume-guaranteed
D) Volume-controlled, pressure-guaranteed

Question 48

The oxygen concentration alarm limits on the Dräger Babylog 8000 are set _____ at _____ of the setting.

A) by the operator; ± 5%
B) by the operator; ± 4%
C) automatically; ± 5%
D) automatically; ± 4%

Question 49

On a Dräger Babylog 8000,which of the following variables can trigger mandatory breaths in the synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation mode?

A) Volume and flow
B) Pressure and flow
C) Time and volume
D) Pressure and time

Question 50

Which operating mode on the Dräger Babylog 8000 allows the clinician to adjust the flow during the expiratory phase to match the patient's needs during mandatory and spontaneous breaths?

A) Assist/control
B) Intermittent mandatory ventilation
C) Variable inspiratory, variable expiratory
D) Continuous positive airway pressure

Question 51

When the Dräger Babylog 8000+ is used in the pressure support mode,the patient's peak inspiratory flow is 30 L/min.At what flow rate will the ventilator cycle to expiration?

A) 3.0 L/min
B) 4.5 L/min
C) 6.0 L/min
D) 7.0 L/min

Question 52

A trigger sensitivity setting of 1 on a Dräger Babylog 8000 Infant Ventilator indicates ____ trigger.

A) 1 L/min flow
B) 1 mL volume
C) 0.25 L/min flow
D) 1.5 mL volume

Question 53

The "cannot meet PIP" alarm is active on a Bunnell Life Pulse High-Frequency Jet Ventilator.The respiratory therapist should do which of the following?
1)Check the humidifier cartridge for a leak.
2)Check the jet tube connection to the circuit.
3)Look for kinks in the jet tube connections.
4)Check the dump valve for proper function.

A) 2
B) 1 and 2
C) 3 and 4
D) 1,2,and 3

Question 54

The Bunnell Life Pulse High-Frequency Jet Ventilator is being set up to ventilate an infant who has already been intubated with a regular endotracheal tube.A 2.5-mm internal diameter Life Port adapter is being used. The conventional peak inspiratory pressure is set at 26 cm H₂O.The high-frequency jet ventilation peak inspiratory pressure should be set at a pressure of _____ cm H₂O.

A) 23.4
B) 24.7
C) 26
D) 28

Question 55

Which of the following ventilatory modes is available only on the CareFusion V.I.P.Bird Gold Infant Ventilator and not on the other V.I.P.Infant ventilators?

A) Time-cycled, pressure-limited
B) Volume-assured pressure support
C) Assist/control volume-cycled
D) Synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation/continuous positive airway pressure volume-cycled

Question 56

At what point in the Bunnell Life Pulse High-Frequency Jet Ventilator,shown in the following figure,should a bacterial filter be placed?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Question 57

On the CareFusion V.I.P.Bird Gold Infant Ventilator,the control that ends a pressure support breath in case of a leak also does which of the following to the breath?

A) Flow-cycle
B) Time-cycle
C) Volume-cycle
D) Pressure-cycle

Question 58

The Bunnell Life Pulse High-Frequency Jet Ventilator is being set up to ventilate an infant who has a regular endotracheal tube with a 3.5-mm internal diameter Life Port adapter.Conventional peak inspiratory pressure is set at 30 cm H₂O.The high-frequency jet ventilation peak inspiratory pressure should be set at a pressure of _____ cm H₂O.

A) 25.5
B) 27.0
C) 28.5
D) 30.0

Question 59

The respiratory therapist has determined that a 4.0-mm internal diameter standard endotracheal tube is necessary for the patient.What is the equivalent hi-lo jet tube to be used with a Bunnell Life Pulse High-Frequency Jet Ventilator?

A) 3.0-mm internal diameter hi-lo jet tube
B) 3.5-mm internal diameter hi-lo jet tube
C) 4.0-mm internal diameter hi-lo jet tube
D) 4.5-mm internal diameter hi-lo jet tube

Question 60

Mean airway pressure can be increased when ventilating with the Bunnell Life Pulse High-Frequency Jet Ventilator by doing which of the following?

A) Closing off the purge valve
B) Decreasing the rate on the Bunnell
C) Decreasing the positive end-expiratory pressure on the Bunnell
D) Increasing rate and volume of sigh breaths on the conventional ventilator

Question 61

When NeoFlow on the Dräger E-4 is activated,how much bias flow is initiated?

A) 2 L/min
B) 4 L/min
C) 6 L/min
D) 8 L/min

Question 62

NeoFlow on a Dräger E-4 requires the installation of a flow sensor into which part of the patient circuit?

A) Before the inspiratory line
B) Between the endotracheal tube and the Y-connector
C) Proximal to the exhalation flow sensor
D) Between the inspiratory filter and the humidifier

Question 63

Increasing the bias flow on the CareFusion 3100A High-frequency Oscillatory Ventilator would cause which of the following to occur?

A) Decrease in amplitude
B) Increase in percent inspiratory time
C) Increase in mean airway pressure
D) Automatic centering of piston

Question 64

Which of the following actions will maximize the life of the oscillator mechanism on a CareFusion 3100A High-frequency Oscillatory Ventilator?

A) Use low-bias flow settings.
B) Minimize time and amplitude settings.
C) Maintain the piston at the center of the bar graph.
D) Keep the piston toward the maximum inspiratory limit.

Question 65

During infant ventilation with the CareFusion AVEA Ventilator and the Cosmo Plus Monitor,the readings on the Cosmo Plus Monitor have "blanked out." What is the cause of this problem?

A) Elevated pressure in the device
B) Condensation in the device
C) Monitor is out of calibration
D) Monitor is calibrating

Question 66

The "jet valve fault" alarm is active on a Bunnell Life Pulse High-Frequency Jet Ventilator.This problem can be corrected by doing which of the following?

A) Changing out the pinch valve tubing
B) Changing the tubing to the dump valve outlet
C) Reconnecting the purge valve to the patient box
D) Reconnecting the pressure-monitoring tube to the patient box

Question 67

Lowering the frequency on the CareFusion 3100A or 3100B would do which of the following?
1)Decrease the volume delivered
2)Increase the inspiratory time
3)Increase the volume delivered
4)Increase the mean airway pressure

A) 1 and 2
B) 2 and 3
C) 3 and 4
D) 1 and 4

Question 68

How many cycles per minute is 15 Hz?

A) 300
B) 600
C) 900
D) 1200

Question 69

On a Dräger E-4 operating in NeoFlow,which of the following trigger ranges is recommended for neonatal and pediatric ventilation?

A) 0.1 to 0.5 L/min
B) 0.3 to 3 L/min
C) 0.5 to 3.5 L/min
D) 1 to 4 L/min

Question 70

The purpose of the Venturi-type air amplifier on the CareFusion 3100A is to do which of the following?

A) Provide gas for bias flow
B) Add gas to increase the volume delivered
C) Cool the electrical coil that moves the piston
D) Prevent the square wave driver from overheating

Question 71

While a patient is being ventilated with NeoFlow on a Dräger E-4,an audible and visual alarm is active,and all breaths are being time-triggered. What is the most appropriate action for the respiratory therapist to take?

A) Suction the endotracheal tube
B) Change the ventilator out
C) Dry out the flow sensor
D) Switch to AutoFlow

Question 72

The jet rate range for the Bunnell Life Pulse High-Frequency Jet Ventilator is _____ insufflations/min.

A) 60 to 150
B) 150 to 240
C) 240 to 660
D) 660 to 900

Question 73

Which of the following statements concerning the use of AutoFlow for neonates on the Dräger E-4 is true?

A) AutoFlow is an adult mode and should not be used with neonates.
B) The ventilator's internal flow sensor is always used with neonates on AutoFlow.
C) Two test breaths determine the appropriate pressure to deliver volume in AutoFlow.
D) In AutoFlow, the highest pressure to deliver the volume is the high-pressure limit setting.

Question 74

Which of the following statements concerning the CareFusion 3100A and 3100B is true?

A) There is a mean pressure limit control on both models.
B) Piston centering is automatically performed by electronic sensors.
C) The high mean airway pressure alarm is the same on both models.
D) The inspiratory time control limits have been expanded on the 3100B.

Question 75

An increase in % inspiratory time on the CareFusion 3100A would cause which of the following?
1)Alteration in the symmetry of the oscillator waveform
2)Decrease in the frequency
3)Increase in the airway pressure
4)Decrease in volume

A) 1 and 2
B) 2 and 4
C) 1 and 3
D) 3 and 4

Question 76

When helium/oxygen (heliox)is used with the CareFusion AVEA Ventilator in the infant/pediatric modes,which of the following statements is true?

A) The hot-wire flow sensor must be used.
B) Heliox may not be used with this ventilator.
C) The ventilator's internal flow sensors can be used.
D) Data and graphics must be adjusted by the operator.

Question 77

NeoFlow on the Dräger E-4 is essential for infants with which of the following weights?
1)3.8 kg
2)5.0 kg
3)7.6 kg
4)8.4 kg

A) 1 only
B) 1 and 2
C) 2,3,and 4
D) 1,2,3,and 4

Question 78

A patient who weighs 4000 g is being ventilated by using a CareFusion AVEA Ventilator.How much volume will be lost in the tubing when the pressure is set at 15 cm H₂O?

A) 8 mL
B) 10 mL
C) 15 mL
D) 18 mL

Question 79

What is the function of the purge valve on the Bunnell Life Pulse High-Frequency Jet Ventilator?

A) It releases internal pressure.
B) It allows water into the humidifier cartridge.
C) It opens to dry out the monitoring line of the hi-lo jet tube.
D) It breaks pressurized gas flow into small bursts of gas.

Question 80

After an increase in the bias flow on a CareFusion 3100A,the airway pressure has increased. What is the most appropriate action?

A) Decrease the airway pressure.
B) Decrease the power.
C) Re-center the piston.
D) Maintain the current airway pressure.