Deck 3: Microtomy

Question 1

The machine or instrument used for cutting sections is known as the:

A)Knife
B)Block holder
C)Microtome
D)Ratchet feed wheel

Answer 1

Microtome

Question 2

What do you call the process whereby tissues are cut into uniformly thin slices or sections with the aid of a machine?

A)Cutting
B)Sectioning
C)Honing
D)Stropping

Answer 2

Sectioning

Question 3

This is the specific type of microtome that was invented by Paldwell Trefall in 1881?

A)Rotary microtome
B)Sliding microtome
C)Rocking microtome
D)Freezing microtome

Answer 3

Rocking microtome

Question 4

This microtome was developed by Adams in 1789.

A)Rotary microtome
B)Sliding microtome
C)Rocking microtome
D)Freezing microtome

Question 5

Which of the following is not part of a rotary microtome?

A)Flywheel
B)Pawl
C)Base
D)Stage

Question 6

All of the above statements are true about the freezing microtome, except:

A)The freezing microtome was invented by Minot in 1848.
B)The freezing microtome was invented by Queckett in 1848.
C)The freezing microtome's stage for block holder is hallow and perforated around its perimeter.
D)The freezing microtome can cut un-embedded tissue sections.

Question 7

All of the following descriptions are true about Cryostat or the Cold Microtome, except:

A)Cryostat is an apparatus used in fresh tissue microtomy.
B)It is primarily used for cutting tissue sections at 0.5 micra.
C)It is capable of freezing the tissue into the block holder to the correct degree of hardness to facilitate easier and faster sectioning.
D)It permits rapid preparation of tissue biopsies for surgical Pathology.

Question 8

In a Cold microtome, the needed temperature that must be maintained is between:

A)-5 to -15 degrees Celsius
B)-35 t0 -45 degrees Celsius
C)-5 to -30 degrees Celsius
D)-1 to -10 degrees Celsius

Question 9

What type of microtome is used for cutting serial sections of large blocks of paraffin-embedded tissue?

A)Rotary microtome
B)Rocking microtome
C)Sliding microtome
D)Freezing microtome

Question 10

What type of microtome is used for cutting celloidin embedded sections?

A)Rotary microtome
B)Rocking microtome
C)Base-sledge microtome
D)Freezing microtome

Question 11

What type of microtome is used for cutting un-embedded tissue sections?

A)Rotary microtome
B)Rocking microtome
C)Sliding microtome
D)Freezing microtome

Question 12

This is the type of microtome that is used for cutting sections for Electron microscopy.

A)Rotary microtome
B)Rocking microtome
C)Ultrathin microtome
D)Freezing microtome

Question 13

All of the following statements are true regarding the care of a microtome, except:

A)After sectioning, all the accumulated paraffin and small pieces of tissues must be brushed away with steel brush.
B)After carefully drying the machine and knife holder, the parts should be wiped with xylol.
C)Movable portions should be oiled thoroughly to prevent rusting.
D)Cover the microtome when not in use.

Question 14

What is the usual range of thickness in a cut of tissue for routine histologic procedures?

A)0)5 - 1.0 microns
B)1)0 - 2.0 microns
C)3)0 - 4.5 microns
D)4)0 - 6.0 microns

Question 15

In what angle is the knife usually tilted in the microtome?

A)35-45 degrees
B)25-35 degrees
C)15-25 degrees
D)0 -15 degrees

Question 16

In Celloidin sections, what is the usual thickness range of the cuts made?

A)10 to 15 microns
B)5 to 10 microns
C)3 to 5 microns
D)1 to 3 microns

Question 17

In cutting the tissue block, a hole is observed in the section. What do you think is the reason for this?

A)Sections are too thin
B)Incomplete dehydration, clearing or infiltration of tissue with wax
C)Sections are too thick
D)Dirt was formed in the embedding medium

Question 18

During section cutting, the sections fail to form ribbons due to the surfaces and edges of the block that are not parallel. What could be the best possible remedy for this?

A)Repeat impregnation
B)Repeat paraffin impregnation, and re-embed
C)Re-trim the block
D)Repeat the whole procedure

Question 19

All of the following statements are true about why lengthwise vertical scratches are seen on the sections, except:

A)The knife is sharp
B)Dirty embedding medium
C)The tilt of the knife is too great
D)Nicks on the edge of the knife

Question 20

In the cold knife procedure, there is a term called as "Dew Line". What do you think is the meaning of this?

A)Different temperatures between the tissue and the knife
B)The point at which sections may then be cut at 10 microns of thickness
C)Optimum condition for sectioning
D)Freezing the specimen

Question 21

Which of the following knives is recommended for Celloidin embedded tissue blocks on a sliding microtome?

A)Biconcave knife
B)Plane-Concave knife
C)Plane-wedge knife
D)None of the above

Question 22

This type of knife measures usually about 120 mm in length with both sides concave and it is recommended for cutting paraffin embedded sections on a rotary microtome.

A)Biconcave knife
B)Plane-Concave knife
C)Plane-wedge knife
D)None of the above

Question 23

Which of the following knives is recommended for frozen sections or for cutting extremely hard and tough specimens?

A)Biconcave knife
B)Plane-Concave knife
C)Plane-wedge knife
D)None of the above

Question 24

This involves the removal of gross nicks on the knife edge to remove blemishes and grinding the cutting edge of the knife on a stone to acquire an even edge. What do you call this procedure?

A)Stropping
B)Honing
C)Sharpening
D)Cutting

Question 25

What do you call the process that involves the removal of the burr or irregularities that are formed during honing?

A)Stropping
B)Honing
C)Sharpening
D)Cutting

Question 26

Which of the following sharpening stones or hones gives a more polishing effect?

A)Belgium Yellow stone
B)Arkansas stone
C)Fine Carborundum stone
D)Niether A or B

Question 27

This type of hone is much coarser and is used only for badly nicked knives?

A)Belgium Yellow stone
B)Arkansas stone
C)Fine Carborundum stone
D)Either B or C

Question 28

Bryan must take note that one of the following is true about the precautions during honing.

A)The hone should be of a certain length at 8 cm by 3 cm to allow the entire knife edge to be sharpened in one stroke.
B)The pressure exerted on the knife should be kept at a steady and gentle manner to avoid it from rocking.
C)The hone shall always be lubricated with cold, soapy water before its usage.
D)The fluid used for washing must be flowing in a slow motion so that chips of metal are effectively removed.

Question 29

Chino understands that the following are precautions to observe during stropping, except:

A)Vegetable oil should be applied on the surface of the strop.
B)Pressure applied during the initial strokes of stropping should be relatively light and gentle.
C)Stopping in a quick and fast manner should be avoided.
D)Mineral oil is never used since it damages the leather.

Question 30

Don recalls that the following items are also needed during microtomy, aside from:

A)Waterbath
B)Clean slides
C)Permanent marker
D)Drying oven