Deck 6: Geographic Targeting Strategies

Question 1

Foot patrol as a component of urban policing in the United States

A) has always been at the core of patrol deployment.
B) disappeared, then reappeared several times.
C) has varied in popularity, but has never disappeared.
D) has effectively disappeared since the year 2000.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Responding to high-crime apartment complexes with managers who are apathetic or fearful is best accomplished by

A) having the managers removed.
B) installing confidence that police will stay engaged.
C) arresting managers for criminal conspiracy.
D) threatening managers with prosecution if they do not resign.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The routine police response in stable,high-home-value neighborhoods is usually

A) simple visibility.
B) focused patrol.
C) saturation patrol.
D) interactive programs.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The use of police-operated surveillance cameras was initiated in ______,and began in the United States in ______.

A) Germany; New York
B) Germany; Chicago
C) Britain; New York
D) Britain; Chicago

Question 5

An issue of concern with hot spot concentrated patrol is displacement of crime to adjoining areas. Post-2000 evaluations of hot spot deployment that measured potential displacement indicate that it

A) does not occur.
B) occurs for property crime only.
C) usually occurs.
D) always occurs.

Question 6

Police intervention in deteriorating downtowns requires what enforcement style?

A) zero-tolerance enforcement
B) community-based enforcement
C) broken windows enforcement
D) tolerance-based enforcement

Question 7

A hot spot is commonly defined as an area where crime is

A) increasing rapidly.
B) predominantly violent crime rather than property crime.
C) substantially higher than the jurisdiction norm.
D) substantially higher than the Uniform Crime Report average.

Question 8

Abatement of criminal offenses that occur along strip center corridors requires

A) focused efforts in conjunction with individual businesses.
B) saturation patrol.
C) neighborhood engagement.
D) surveillance of stores and parking lots.

Question 9

The single most frequent offense involving problematic individual businesses is

A) robbery of patrons.
B) so-called "beer runs."
C) failure to pay, such as gas station drive-offs.
D) illicit copying of credit card numbers.

Question 10

What distinguishes enforcement efforts at major shopping malls is the dilemma of

A) maintaining patrol visibility.
B) successfully engaging merchants.
C) enforcement on private property.
D) citizen apathy.

Question 11

Among seven post-2000 evaluations of hot spot deployment,results showed that crime reduction

A) never occurred.
B) seldom occurred.
C) could not be meaningfully measured.
D) generally occurred.

Question 12

The worst 10 percent of locations in Boston accounted for approximately what percent of calls-for-service?

A) 10 percent
B) 13 percent
C) 50 percent
D) 90 percent

Question 13

Which of the following states the results of stressed neighborhood interventions in Chandler,Arizona,and Jersey City,New Jersey?

A) Rates of serious crime went down significantly in both.
B) Rates of public morals offenses went down significantly in both.
C) Contrasting decreases resulted-serious crime in one, public morals offenses in the other.
D) Rates of both serious crime and public morals offenses were not reduced at either location.

Question 14

A critical contribution to hot spot policing and program development has been the use of:

A) models.
B) paradigms.
C) experiments.
D) qualitative analysis.

Question 15

Crime and disorder control in downtowns,in comparison with control in major shopping malls,is

A) just as problematic.
B) actually less problematic.
C) slightly more problematic.
D) far more problematic.

Question 16

The most effective intervention for chronic failure to pay for pumped gasoline is

A) counseling the owners/managers of the affected businesses.
B) implementing surveillance of problem locations.
C) focusing on clerks covering thefts from the register with false reports of drive-offs.
D) a city ordinance requiring "pay before you pump."

Question 17

The theoretical context for hot spot concentrated intervention lies in which criminological theory?

A) differential association
B) routine activities
C) social disorganization
D) conflict

Question 18

Stressed apartment complexes generate a disproportionate number of calls involving

A) interpersonal violence.
B) petty complaints.
C) landlord-tenet disputes.
D) disorderly youth.

Question 19

The primary risk of zero-tolerance crackdowns is captured by the phrase,"victimizing the __________."

A) victims
B) innocent
C) youth
D) disenfranchised

Question 20

The Minneapolis hot spot experiment entailed doubling the dosage of patrol presence in 55 of 110 hot spots,resulting in

A) no difference between experimental and control areas.
B) modest reductions in total crime calls.
C) increases in crime calls but decreases in observed disorder.
D) decreases in crime calls but increases in observed disorder.