Deck 4: Human Behavior and Interactions

Question 1

According to the text, one possible reason why people in New York are less helpful is that

A)they have more things to do than people in smaller environs.
B)reciprocity does not work as well in big cities as in smaller groups.
C)they feel they are superior to people in smaller environs.
D)they have not internalized the social responsibility norm.

Answer 1

reciprocity does not work as well in big cities as in smaller groups.

Question 2

In Latane and Darley's research involving staging an epileptic seizure, _________ percent of those who thought they were alone and ________ percent of those who thought there were others left the room to seek aid.

A)66, 24
B)76, 42
C)85, 31
D)90, 54

Answer 2

85, 31

Question 3

Researchers had participants working in a room either by themselves or with two strangers. When smoke was pumped into the room through a vent, the solitary participant

A)noticed the smoke quicker than those in groups.
B)was less likely to act.
C)thought the smoke was a fire.
D)finished the task quickly.

Answer 3

noticed the smoke quicker than those in groups.

Question 4

Which of the following moods is most likely to motivate altruism?

A)depression
B)grief
C)guilt
D)anger

Question 5

How individuals are affected by the presence of others is the focus of study in the field of

A)Sociology.
B)Social psychology.
C)Experimental psychology.
D)Sociobiology

Question 6

When the Titanic sank, ________ percent of the females and _______ percent of the males survived.

A)60, 25
B)80, 40
C)70, 20
D)65, 45

Question 7

According to the text, a strategy for gaining a concession is the

A)overjustification technique.
B)underjustification technique.
C)transparency technique.
D)door-in-the-face technique.

Question 8

From an evolutionary perspective it would be most difficult to explain why

A)someone risked his life to help a stranger.
B)someone paid his daughter's hospital bill.
C)someone risked his life to help his father.
D)someone risked his life to help his daughter.

Question 9

Calvin asks his mother for ice cream with strawberries and nuts on top. She refuses. He then asks for a cookie, and she grants his request. Calvin has successfully used the

A)overjustification technique.
B)foot-in-the-door technique.
C)door-in-the-face technique.
D)underjustification technique.

Question 10

Which technique should be taught to children to promote enduring altruistic tendencies?

A)Offer prizes for the ones that are most helpful during a certain time frame.
B)Show them Mister Rogers' Neighborhood.
C)Immediately punish any aggression.
D)Instill a sense of guilt.

Question 11

According to Alvin Gouldner, a universal moral code is

A)the norm of social responsibility.
B)the norm of social contract.
C)the norm of efficacy.
D)the norm of reciprocity.

Question 12

Which is a method to reduce prejudice?

A)mixed-status contact
B)mutual exclusivity
C)groupthink
D)mutual interdependence

Question 13

Milgram's shock study showed people to be surprisingly

A)rebellious.
B)intelligent.
C)sexist.
D)obedient.

Question 14

In his classic studies of conformity, Asch demonstrated that

A)size of the majority does not influence how many people will conform.
B)a majority of one produces about as much conformity as a majority of eight.
C)lack of unanimity greatly reduces the pressure to conform.
D)obedience to authority was determined by the authority's perceived referent power.

Question 15

The organization of roles, patterns of communication, and power in a group defines the group's

A)status.
B)structure.
C)cohesiveness.
D)norms.

Question 16

The __________ hypothesis states that frustration tends to lead to aggression.

A)frustration-aggression
B)biological instinct
C)social learning
D)cognitive dissonance