Deck 9: EPPP 4

Question 1

In referring to group behavior, what is a 'norm'?

A)The person that acts out the most
B)An expected behavior
C)The group's behavior on a whole
D)An unexpected behavior

Answer 1

An expected behavior

Question 2

Conforming to group pressure out of a need for acceptance and approval is called _____________.

A)Norm Fruitation
B)Norm Conformation
C)Normative Social Influence
D)Normalization

Answer 2

Normative Social Influence

Question 3

Every culture has definite 'norms.' One that seems to include all cultures has to do with maintaining an appropriate distance between people. This distance is referred to as _________.

A)Physical Space
B)Interpersonal Distance
C)Appropriate Distance
D)Personal Space

Answer 3

Personal Space

Question 4

Groups seem to have several influences on an individual; one such influence comes from the need for direction and information and the belief that the group has more knowledge than the individual. This is referred to as ___________________________.

A)Informational Social Influence
B)Individual Need Influence
C)Group Influence Need
D)None of the above

Question 5

Attractive actors/actresses and popular sports stars are paid lots of money to endorse certain products because advertisers know that we want to be as cool, beautiful, or popular as they are. What is this major factor in conformity called?

A)Star Quality Groups
B)Reference Groups
C)Sky High Groups
D)Attractiveness Factor

Question 6

What are the two major forms of social influence?

A)Imitation, Acceptance
B)Personal, Approval
C)Conformity, Obedience
D)Information, Responsibility

Question 7

One of the best ways to decrease destructive forms of obedience is by the assignment of _________________.

A)Approval
B)Imitation
C)Obedience
D)Responsibility

Question 8

What is Conformity?

A)Going along with the group
B)Changing one's behavior because of real or imagined group pressure
C)Doing what is popular at the time
D)All of the above

Question 9

How do you decide why someone did something? It has been found that most people first try to figure out if the person acted as a result of internal or external causes. Harold Kelly gave three criteria for answering the internal-external question; can you find two of them below?

A)Consistency, Fault
B)Mind-set, Distinctiveness
C)Unusual, Consensus
D)Consistency, Consensus

Question 10

One error, or shortcut, to deciding internal/external attribution is so prevalent or basic that it is known as _____________.

A)Situational Attribution Error
B)Blaming the Victim
C)Fundamental Attribution Error
D)Any of the above

Question 11

There is a Saliency Bias associated with Attribution. Which statement below most closely describes the meaning?

A)Some personalities/behaviors are more noticeable than situational factors
B)Some people just look/act guilty, so you recognize that
C)It's a kind of cause/effect behavior
D)There's no such thing

Question 12

Why are people likely to blame the victim?

A)It's an easy solution
B)They don't take time to consider the true facts
C)It helps us maintain our belief of bad things happen to bad people
D)All of the above

Question 13

Fear Induction is one of the most effective persuasion techniques and is commonly used in advertisements and public service announcements. For fear tactics to work, there must be three factors to the message. They are ____________, _____________, and ____________.

A)Make the message dramatic, with lots of blood, then give it a happy ending
B)Show a really frightful situation, make it dramatic, then dissolve the fear
C)Must engender a lot of fear, audience must believe the message, instructions for avoiding the danger must be present
D)Listen to any "good" politician and you'll soon figure it out!

Question 14

A classification system developed by a task force of the American Psychiatric Association would be ___________________.

A)The DRCI-V
B)The MMCD-IV
C)The DSM-II
D)The DSM-IV

Question 15

Does the DSM-V explain the causes of disorders?

A)No
B)Yes
C)A few
D)That's what it's for

Question 16

The first edition of the DSM was published in 1952. When was the last edition, DSM-V, issued?

A)1987
B)1994
C)2000
D)2013

Question 17

Why do they need to keep changing the manual?

A)New information
B)Changes in the way abnormal behaviors are viewed
C)To change the descriptions and categories
D)All of the above

Question 18

Does the DSM-V classify people?

A)Yes, according to their disorders
B)Absolutely not
C)You would think so
D)Can't say, never have looked at it

Question 19

What about the term "insanity"? Where does it fit in?

A)It's a legal term
B)It's an exception
C)It's an action word
D)I don't know

Question 20

In 2013 the newest edition, the DSM-V, was published 13 years after the last update to the DSM. True or False?

A)True
B)False

Question 21

In establishing a therapeutic relationship, there are several actions that can be used to provide encouragement. Which of the actions below is not one of them?

A)Focus on what people are doing rather than evaluate their performance
B)Focus on the effort rather than the outcome
C)Focus on motivation from outside (extrinsic), rather than within (intrinsic)
D)Focus on what is positive rather than what is negative

Question 22

Which client characteristic seems unrelated to outcome?

A)Intelligence
B)Age
C)Education
D)Socioeconomic level

Question 23

Elena's client admitted to drinking excessively at a party. Which of the following questions is most likely to have a negative impact on the client?

A)How did you feel about that?
B)What happened?
C)What would you do differently next time?
D)Why did you drink so much?

Question 24

Clients with which of the following disorders are most likely to lack the ability to engage in the self-examination required by Adlerian therapy?

A)Impulse control disorders
B)Psychotic disorders
C)Personality disorders
D)Anxiety disorders

Question 25

Which of the following is not an open question?

A)What brought you here?
B)How are things going?
C)Did you have a good week?
D)How did you react?

Question 26

People most likely to enjoy the energetic and interactive approach of REBT are those with which characteristics?

A)Low self-esteem
B)Highly motivated pragmatic, logical
C)Fairly resilient , tough minded
D)All but A

Question 27

A clinician can create a therapeutic alliance with their client by ________.

A)Mutuality
B)Genuineness
C)Hope
D)All of the above

Question 28

There are five types of psychotherapeutic alliances. Which type focuses on shared goals and an agreement to engage in certain tasks to achieve those goals?

A)Transpersonal relationships
B)I-You relationships
C)Working alliances
D)Reparative/developmentally needed relationships

Question 29

One aspect of role induction is ______________.

A)Listening to the client
B)Familiarizing the client with the nature of counseling
C)Ensuring the room is set up properly
D)None of the above

Question 30

Duty to warn is an important part of professional ethics in therapy. What is not an aspect of duty to warn?

A)Duty to protect others who are endangered by a client
B)Duty to protect clients who threaten suicide or other forms of physical harm
C)Duty to seek consultation from a colleague or supervisor when faced with an issue to break confidentiality
D)Duty to warn client when the therapist will be on vacation

Question 31

Two personal characteristics of the effective clinician are _________.

A)Friendly and likeable
B)Patient and inflexible
C)Motivated by money and high self-esteem
D)Humorous and loud

Question 32

Global Assessment of Functioning is a numerical scale (0-100) clinicians use to subjectively assess the social, occupational, and psychological functioning of adults. Which is not a part of the scale?

A)100-91: Superior functioning in a wide range of activities; life's problems never seem to get out of hand; is sought out by others because of his/her many positive qualities. No symptoms.
B)10-1: Persistent danger of severely hurting self or others (e.g., recurrent violence);persistent inability to maintain minimal personal hygiene; serious suicidal act with clear expectation of death.
C)80-71: If symptoms are present, they are transient and expectable reactions to psycho-social stressors (e.g., difficulty concentrating after family argument); no more than slight impairment in social, occupational, or school functioning (e.g., temporarily
D)All of the above are part of the GAF

Question 33

In assessing a client's progress toward counseling goals, a clinician should __________.

A)Ask the client how they are doing
B)Refer to the treatment plan
C)Ask other clinicians how they think the client is doing
D)Not worry about assessing progress; it's all about the journey

Question 34

Many tests are available to assess client functioning. What is a reliable, valid test for assessing depression?

A)The MMPI-TM2
B)The QOLI
C)The HTP
D)The BDI

Question 35

The MBHI, or Million Behavioral Health Inventory, instrument is a brief self-report personality inventory designed to help the clinician assess the psychological coping factors related to the physical health care of adult medical patients. It is useful in:

A)Evaluation and screening of physically ill, injured, and surgical patients
B)Workers' compensation evaluations to help assess stress-related claims
C)Evaluation and screening of individuals in specialty clinics or programs (e.g., pain, stress, headache)
D)All of the above

Question 36

Common factors in effective treatment are _________.

A)Acquiring insight and new understanding
B)Developing new perceptions or views of one's stressors or problems
C)Enjoying the process of counseling
D)Both A and B

Question 37

In Brief Solution-Based therapy, the underlying theory is _____________.

A)Problems stem from the inability of the ego to suppress or moderate drives from the id.
B)A climate of acceptance and unconditional positive regard promotes self-esteem and facilitates client growth
C)Small behavioral changes lead to larger changes that have ripple effects on the whole system
D)People are self-determining and choose everything, including their thoughts, actions, and emotions.

Question 38

A multiaxial system involves an assessment on several _________ or ___________.

A)Areas, treatments
B)Axes, domains
C)Branches, legs
D)None of the above

Question 39

On a multiaxial system assessment, Axis II is for reporting _____________ and _______________.

A)Clinical disorders and personality disorders
B)Psychosocial and environmental problems
C)Personality disorders and mental retardation
D)Adjustment disorders and eating disorders

Question 40

Psychosocial and environmental problems are reported on Axis IV of the multiaxial system of assessment. Which of the following would you report on this Axis?

A)Job loss
B)Educational problems
C)Housing problems
D)All of the above

Question 41

What is the differential diagnosis for Reactive Attachment Disorder according to the DSM-V?

A)Schizophrenia
B)Depression
C)Pervasive Developmental Disorders
D)Anxiety

Question 42

A client states "It doesn't matter what I do, nothing goes right for me." This is an example of________________ in cognitive therapy.

A)All-or-nothing thinking
B)Overgeneralization
C)Catastrophizing
D)Disqualifying the positive

Question 43

There are several techniques cognitive therapists use to elicit new cognitions in their clients. One of these techniques involves ______________.

A)Going snow-skiing
B)Jumping out of an airplane
C)Activity scheduling
D)Lying down when having troubling thoughts

Question 44

Self-talk is a technique in which people repeat to themselves positive and encouraging phrases that they have identified as helpful many times a day. This technique is used in ____________ therapy.

A)Brief Psychodynamic therapy
B)Cognitive therapy
C)Jungian analytical therapy
D)This is not a technique used in therapy

Question 45

What is the primary purpose of a strengths-based assessment?

A)To focus on the strengths of the client in all aspects of their life
B)To find a meaning to struggling
C)To create an awareness of how much clients have been through
D)To assist in choosing a method of treatment

Question 46

Stress Inoculation Training (SIT) is a part of cognitive behavioral treatment. The therapist seeks to "immunize" a client from the adverse impact of stress by helping them successfully handle increasing levels of stress. There are three phases to this training. The first phase is ________________.

A)Problem identification
B)Conceptualization
C)Development of skills
D)Application and follow through

Question 47

When using Anchoring in treatment with a client, the clinician is attempting to create ___________ .

A)A way to hold the client in his chair
B)Planned positive responses to certain situations
C)A metaphor for sailing
D)Thought stopping procedures

Question 48

Cognitive therapy is based on the finding that changes in __________ lead to changes in __________.

A)Stress levels; the ability to sleep
B)Hormones; thoughts
C)Thinking; feeling and acting
D)Believing; doing

Question 49

Research has shown there are several characteristics of a successful client. Two of these characteristics are ___________ and _______________.

A)Maturity and the capacity for relationships
B)Intelligence and trustworthiness
C)Sense of humor and adventure
D)Trusting and giving

Question 50

Three essential skills needed for a clinician are _______, ____________, and ___________.

A)Organizational skills, listening skills, and patience
B)The ability to structure time, team work, and clarity
C)Time management skills, being alert, and able to clean
D)Having respect for the client, encouraging optimism in seeking a realistic solution, and excellent communication skills.

Question 51

To make a diagnosis of a Major Depressive Episode based on DSM-V criteria, a client would need to have five or more symptoms, with at least one of two necessary symptoms. Which symptom below is one of those necessary symptoms?

A)Significant weight loss
B)Feelings of worthlessness
C)Markedly diminished interest or pleasure
D)Fatigue or loss of energy

Question 52

What mental health diagnosis is most prevalent in children under age ten?

A)Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
B)Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
C)Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)
D)Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

Question 53

In couples therapy, the Dyadic Trust Scale ____________.

A)Is an eight-item questionnaire
B)Takes less than 3 minutes to take
C)Focuses on trust between marriage partners
D)All of the above

Question 54

In single parent families created by divorce, stressors for custodial parents include _____.

A)Finances
B)Social
C)Parenting alone
D)All of the above

Question 55

One task of a new couple according to Carter and McGoldrick Is to ____________.

A)Develop personal autonomy
B)Learn to share with partner
C)Develop a support group
D)Adjust to decreased energy

Question 56

The process of terminating psychotherapy or counseling with a client typically occurs in one of three ways: Clinician's choice, client's choice or by mutual agreement. Why would a clinician terminate working with the client?

A)They are tired of working with the client
B)The clinician is experiencing life changes
C)They do not think the client is making progress
D)Clinician's do not terminate counseling with a client

Question 57

What does it usually mean when a clinician and client mutually agree to terminate treatment?

A)The client has made sufficient progress toward their goals
B)The client no longer is enjoying treatment
C)The clinician no longer wants to work with the client
D)None of the above

Question 58

What more closely constitutes incompetent practice?

A)Practicing where education or training is lacking in that area
B)Working with a physical disability
C)Knowing a client's ethnicity
D)All of the above

Question 59

A supervisory relationship involves two kinds of legal issues. Which ones are they?

A)Financial, living arrangements
B)Transportation, lunch hours
C)Sexual relationships, harassment issues
D)Break room duties, work hours

Question 60

What ethical issues are related to the research process?

A)Plagiarisms, correct and factual note taking
B)Humane animal care and use
C)Institutional approval
D)All of the above

Question 61

What rights do clients have in relation to the testing process?

A)No special 'rights'
B)Just to know when a test is being given and the scores
C)Informed consent, signed release for any info given to others
D)None of the above

Question 62

What are some of the ethics and laws governing school counselors?

A)School counselors are released from most counseling ethics/laws
B)Same as all counseling ethics, plus there is a special book on ethics/laws for school counselors
C)There is an American School Counselor Association to help school counselors
D)Both B and C

Question 63

Are there any special considerations needed for divorce and custody litigation?

A)Keeping the adults focused on what is best for the children
B)Dealing with the stress for each and all family members
C)Give the kids to the Mom, she's used to dealing with them
D)Both A and B

Question 64

According to the preamble of "Ethical Principles of Psychologists" published by the American Psychology Association, what are some aspirational goals psychologists can use to guide their continuing practice of psychology?

A)To maintain psychologist's competence
B)To preserve the dignity and best interests of clients
C)To serve the best interests of colleagues, students and research participants
D)All of the above

Question 65

In the beginnings of psychology there were eight schools of thought, each one differing in the method of treatment. These eight included:

A)Functionalism, Introspection, Behaviorism
B)Structuralism, Behaviorism, Sensationalism
C)Gestalt, Psychobiology, Humanistic
D)Hypothesism, Experimentalism, Structuralism

Question 66

Some of the well known names in the history of psychology include:

A)Ivan Pavlov, Carl Sandburg, Alfred Binet
B)Mary Calkins, Erik Erikson, Albert Bandura
C)Sigmund Freud, B F Skinner, Mae West
D)All of the above

Question 67

Structuralism was one of the earliest schools. What was the focus or theory of that school?

A)Focused on the basic sensations and feelings of experiences
B)Focused on the study of mental processes
C)Focused on touchy, feely things
D)Both A and B

Question 68

How has the history of psychology and all its many methods affected the psychology methods or practices we use today?

A)Very much; we use a little from many of the older schools
B)Not at all; we use very little or none of the old school ways
C)Psychology didn't even really start until the 1980's
D)None of the above

Question 69

Sigmund Freud's theory is still controversial and receives a lot of criticism. Why?

A)Much of his theory had no basis for belief
B)Its base is individual case study without a control of 'normal' people
C)His concepts and techniques are difficult to study scientifically
D)All of the above

Question 70

Some of the degrees available in psychology are as follows:

A)MA, MS, DMT
B)DMFT, PhD, PsyD
C)PHD, LPsy, HIT
D)Both A and C

Question 71

Professional licenses for Master degrees include:

A)LMFT, CRC, LPC
B)LPC-BE, FGA, ABC
C)LCSW, LPC, LMHC
D)Both A and C

Question 72

Do licensing and degrees differ from state to state?

A)No; they are standard across the board
B)Yes; each state has its own requirements
C)The APA controls all licensure and degree requirements
D)You don't need either a degree or license, just go for it.

Question 73

Personnel Psychology obviously has to do with personnel. What would that include?

A)Telephones, monitoring people
B)Transportation, work hours
C)Recruiting, selecting, training
D)Giggles, coffee breaks, lol

Question 74

Why do some workers put in long hours and stay late while some arrive late and leave early? These differences are why employers are interested in Worker Motivation. There are three Theories that promote worker motivation. Pick the one listed here.

A)Working longer hours theory
B)Equity theory
C)Motivate theory
D)Work balance theory

Question 75

A theory involving increased job satisfaction by matching a person's personality to the type of work they do is called ____________________.

A)Theory Y
B)Hawthorne Theory
C)Personality-job Fit Theory
D)None of the above

Question 76

What are some of the very basic reasons the APA stresses in their "Ethical Principles of Psychologists"?

A)To maintain psychologist's competence
B)To preserve the dignity and best interests of clients
C)To serve the best interests of colleagues, students and research participants
D)All of the above

Question 77

Sigmund Freud's theory is still controversial and still receives a lot of criticism today. Why?

A)Much of his theory had no basis for belief
B)Its base is individual case study without a control of 'normal' people
C)His concepts and techniques are difficult to study scientifically
D)All of the above

Question 78

Who is Victor Frankl?

A)The father of psychotherapy
B)A developmental theorist
C)An actor
D)An early existentialist therapist

Question 79

According to Gestalt therapists, people experience psychological difficulties because _________.

A)They have become cut off from important parts of themselves
B)They do not eat a balanced diet
C)They had parents who ignored them
D)All of the above

Question 80

In order to supervise other counselors in their clinical work, a clinician must have _____________.

A)1000 hours of client interaction
B)3000 hours of client interaction
C)Requirements vary from state to state
D)Five years of experience