Deck 7: Management

Question 1

Monitoring treatment has garnered more attention and focus in the recent past. One monitoring method, known as total quality management (TQM), relies on five basic premises. Which of the following is NOT one of those premises?

A)Utilization review
B)Measurement
C)Systematic support
D)Continuous improvement

Answer 1

Utilization review

Question 2

Which of the following aspects of a clinical psychologist's job is given the least amount of attention in college and university doctoral clinical psychology programs?

A)Assessment
B)Intervention
C)Research Design
D)Supervision and Management

Answer 2

Supervision and Management

Question 3

Which of the following is one of the main functions of the American Board of Clinical Psychology?

A)To make sure college and university clinical psychology doctoral programs are in compliance with professional requirements.
B)To conduct Board certification examinations in clinical psychology to recognize and promote competence in the specialty.
C)To apply standards of conduct for all board licensed psychologists and investigate any infractions.
D)To make sure that all locations that employ board licensed psychologists are in full compliance with the law.

Answer 3

To conduct Board certification examinations in clinical psychology to recognize and promote competence in the specialty.

Question 4

Which of the following statements about the minimum education and training requirements to practice clinical psychology is correct?

A)Upon receiving their Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology, including the successful completion of a one-year supervised internship, candidates can be eligible to become licensed clinical psychologists.
B)In order to become a licensed clinical psychologist, the candidate must, in addition to a one-year supervised internship during the doctoral program, have six months post-doctoral supervised practice experience.
C)In order to become a licensed clinical psychologist, the candidate must have, in addition to a one-year supervised internship during the doctoral program, a full year of post-doctoral supervised practice experience.
D)While all clinical psychologists are encouraged to take continuing education credits yearly to keep up with the latest information in their field, there is no formal requirement.

Question 5

Candidates who have fulfilled all the requirements to become licensed clinical psychologists except post-doctoral supervised experience may be granted a provisional license. For how long is a provisional license to practice psychology generally granted?

A)6 months, maximum.
B)6 months, renewable one time.
C)1 year, maximum.
D)1 year, renewable one time.

Question 6

Which of the following titles would be given to a person with the least amount of formal academic training in psychology?

A)Psychology Assistant
B)Psychology Aide
C)Psychology Intern
D)Psychology Trainee

Question 7

What is Psychology Umbrella Supervision?

A)Training exposing the psychologist-to-be to a wide range of different kinds of work typically performed by professional psychologists.
B)Training focusing on the psychologist's role in protecting children from harmful influences while receiving therapy.
C)Training supervisees how to be supervisors.
D)Training on therapy clients' use of defense mechanisms.

Question 8

Which of the following activities is permissible for a post-doctorate psychology supervisee?

A)Calling oneself a fully licensed psychologist.
B)Soliciting clients.
C)Opening up an independent practice.
D)Entering data into the computer pertaining to a client.

Question 9

Which of the following functions is a post-doctorate psychology supervisee with a provisional license not permitted to perform?

A)Bill patients.
B)Provide individual psychotherapy.
C)Provide group therapy.
D)Schedule appointments.

Question 10

Psychologists who are training supervisors must keep supervision records pertaining to their supervisees for what period of time?

A)One year after the supervision period has ended.
B)Two years after the supervision period has ended.
C)Three years after the supervision period has ended.
D)Five years after the supervision period has ended.

Question 11

Under what circumstances can a psychology training supervisor charge the trainee for supervision services?

A)Never.
B)In a clinic, but not private practice.
C)In private practice, but not in a clinic.
D)In either a clinic or private practice.

Question 12

What is the minimum amount of face-to-face supervision required by a board approved psychologist for all psychologists-in-training with provisional licenses?

A)½ hour weekly.
B)1 hour weekly.
C)1 hour biweekly.
D)1 hour monthly.

Question 13

Some psychologists make excellent clinicians but poor supervisors. Others excel in both areas. Which of the following factors is most useful in determining whether or not a given psychologist can probably also perform effectively as a supervisor?

A)Intellectual competence
B)Emotional competence
C)Amount of supervision training
D)Length of relevant experience as a supervisee

Question 14

Which of the following personality characteristics seems to be most associated with effective performance for both supervisees working as therapists and the clinical psychologists who are their supervisors?

A)Empathy
B)Assertiveness
C)Being direct and straightforward
D)Close attention to detail

Question 15

When the person providing therapy is a trainee and the legal responsibility for the treatment being provided belongs to the trainee's supervisor, what are the guidelines regarding disclosing this information to the client beforehand?

A)It is advisable to inform the client that the therapist is a trainee, but not mandatory.
B)If the client specifically asks about the therapist's qualifications, the therapist must disclose that he or she is a trainee and also provide the supervisor's name.
C)The therapist must inform the client that he or she is a trainee but is under no obligation to reveal the supervisor's name.
D)Whether or not the client asks, the therapist must inform the client that he or she is a trainee and give the supervisor's full name as well.

Question 16

What would be the best way for supervisors to minimize the likelihood of supervisees disagreeing with their performance assessment and arguing that the rating is unfair?

A)Meet with each supervisee beforehand to discuss and clarify the performance criteria being included in the evaluation.
B)Use simpler rating scales like Satisfactory or Unsatisfactory so there is less room for subjective error.
C)Provide a detailed explanatory report with the ratings so the supervisee has no doubt about the rationale behind each rating.
D)Avoid rating any supervisee below average in any performance category except when the performance is blatantly deficient.

Question 17

Catherine Case has recently landed her first position as a clinical psychologist trainee. She was one of four simultaneously hired trainees at an outpatient family treatment center. The other three were all Afro-American, as was the supervising psychologist, Dr. Blackwell. The office manager was Afro-American as well. Dr. Case was the only white worker of the bunch. When it came time for Dr. Blackwell to give his four new trainees their first formal evaluations, he gave two of the three black trainees the highest rating, 5, in every category of performance, and both Dr. Case and the remaining black trainee no rating in any category higher than 3. Dr. Case complained to the office manager that the ratings were racially biased. In the absence of any further information, what would be your conclusion?

A)The fact that one of the Afro-American workers also did not receive superior ratings is proof that Dr. Case was rated fairly and that her argument is without merit.
B)Dr. Blackwell is reluctant to give those workers who are Afro-American, like himself, less than stellar ratings regardless of their performance.
C)Dr. Blackwell may have rated Dr. Case unfairly if the one black trainee who got the unfavorable rating was really doing marginal work and Dr. Case was doing superior work.
D)Dr. Case was rated unfairly because she was the only trainee who was white.

Question 18

Which of the following would not necessarily be a clear violation of the professional relationship between a clinical psychologist trainee and his or her supervisor?

A)The supervisee dating the supervisor's son or daughter.
B)The supervisor and supervisee both attending the same cocktail party.
C)Supervision taking place alone with the supervisee in the supervisor's home.
D)Supervisor assigning the supervisee to conduct therapy with someone the supervisor had an intimate relationship with a year ago.

Question 19

How should supervisors of clinical psychologists handle sensitive issues that may be difficult to talk about?

A)Avoid talking about them with supervisees unless absolutely necessary and then only minimally.
B)Talk about them with supervisees if they are relevant to the services being provided.
C)Let the supervisee be the one to determine how much discussion is appropriate. If the supervisee wants to talk about the topic, talk; if the supervisee doesn't, then don't talk.
D)Encourage talking about sensitive issues openly, assuring the supervisee that no subject is off limits.

Question 20

What would be the best advice for psychologists just starting out in their profession who might not have much experience as to when it is or is not appropriate to report a possible incidence of child abuse or neglect to Child Protective Services?

A)If in doubt, err on the side of caution since the child's safety comes first.
B)If in doubt, don't report the incident. Wait until you get more evidence.
C)Get a supervisor's opinion on the matter.
D)Follow your gut. It is probably right.

Question 21

Yesterday Dr. Harper, the clinic supervisor, accidently found out that one of the psychologists on his staff is gay. The information was not included on the psychologist's application for employment, nor was anything said in the pre-employment interview to clearly indicate the doctor's sexual orientation. What should Dr. Harper do now with regard to the new information?

A)Nothing. The psychologist's sexual orientation, as long as he keeps it separate from his activities as a therapist, is his own personal business.
B)The supervisor should ask the psychologist directly if he is gay to confirm whether the information just received is correct or not.
C)No action is warranted at this time. However, the supervisor should scrutinize all aspects of the psychologist's work with extra care to make sure his being gay is not in any way impacting on his objectivity as a psychologist.
D)Discipline the psychologist for failing to disclose vital information that could have an important bearing on the effectiveness of treatment.

Question 22

In the practice of clinical psychology, which of the following would not be considered a serious violation of mandated professional conduct, demanding immediate supervisory attention?

A)A therapist who forgot to get informed consent before turning on the tape recording during therapy.
B)A therapist who was more successful than anyone else on staff in procuring participants for a research study, but admitted to overstating the ensuing benefits for the participants.
C)A therapist who spun the published article of another psychologist, then had his rewritten version published in a different journal with himself as the author.
D)A therapist who submitted his research findings to a professional journal for publication, then realized a methodological flaw and submitted a second article retracting the conclusions drawn from the study.

Question 23

What do the majority of psychology supervisees tend to do when they observe what they perceive as unethical behavior on the part of their supervisor?

A)Keep it to themselves.
B)Open up to their supervisor about their concerns.
C)Share their concerns with a trusted friend or colleague.
D)Report the perceived violation to someone with authority.

Question 24

When one psychologist believes that another psychologist might have acted in violation of the APA Ethics Code, but there is no evidence of substantial harm to anyone as a result of the alleged violation, what do you think should be the first course of action?

A)Attempt to resolve the matter with the individual whose conduct is being questioned.
B)Report the alleged violation to one's immediate supervisor.
C)Report the alleged violation to the department or office manager.
D)File a formal complaint with the appropriate investigatory committee.

Question 25

Revere's former supervisor was thumbing through a psychology journal looking for the article the young clinician he was mentoring had written. After finding the article, the supervisor noticed what appeared to be a full-page advertorial highlighting the doctor's expertise and also clearly indicating how prospective clients could contact him. At first the supervisor smiled upon seeing that Dr. Revere had acknowledged his own contribution as the psychologist's mentor. But what puzzled the supervisor was that nowhere on the page was there any statement that the glowing description of Dr. Revere was an ad. What should the supervisor do?

A)Congratulate Dr. Revere on the fine published article and thank him for acknowledging his own contribution as his protégé's mentor.
B)Thank Dr. Revere for the mentoring reference, but ask him if there is anything else he would like to say with regard to that portion of the article.
C)Ask Dr. Revere directly if the full-page insert was an ad, and if so, demand that it be rewritten with that disclosure.
D)Compliment Dr. Revere on his heretofore unknown ability to promote himself and jokingly ask how much of his paycheck he had to spend on his ad.

Question 26

What behavioral infraction constitutes the most frequent reason for a therapist's conduct being reported to State psychology boards?

A)Sexual, dual, and multiple relationships with colleagues or clients.
B)Poorly conducted research studies.
C)Increasing fees midway through therapy.
D)Early termination of therapy.

Question 27

Which one of the following factors is notrelevant to establishing supervisors' "vicarious liability" in legal action brought against them by a client?

A)Whether the supervisee voluntarily agreed to work under the supervisor's control and direction for the supervisor's benefit.
B)Whether the supervisee acted within the defined scope of tasks that the supervisor permitted.
C)Whether the supervisor had the power to control and direct the supervisee's work.
D)Whether the supervisor was an agency employee or a consultant.

Question 28

If a psychologist has his or her license revoked by the Board, which of the following is an accurate statement of the psychologist's rights with regard to appeal and reinstatement?

A)If the Board asks to see the psychologist's medical records in connection with the investigation, the psychologist can refuse to provide them.
B)Once the Board has made a decision to revoke a psychologist's license, that decision is binding and cannot be appealed or reversed.
C)The Board's decision to revoke a psychologist's license can be appealed, but if the original decision stands, the psychologist cannot apply for reinstatement later.
D)If the psychologist's license is reinstated, the psychologist will be placed on probation.

Question 29

It is the responsibility of the management to ensure that all aspects of functioning in a business are running smoothly. Which of the following policies would be most helpful in ensuring that a business that provides psychological services runs smoothly?

A)Supervisors have the final say.
B)Supervision of supervisors is the rule, not the exception.
C)Disregarding the chain of command is grounds for termination of employment.
D)The client is always right.

Question 30

If a psychologist is faced with a task or situation he or she does not feel he or she has sufficient training and experience in to be able to competently perform, what is the best thing for that person to do first?

A)Try to access relevant research that provides general guidelines.
B)Tell his or her supervisor that this is an area where the psychologist has insufficient expertise.
C)Delegate the job to a more experienced coworker.
D)Review another psychologist's file, hoping to find information about what the worker did in a similar situation.

Question 31

A study was underway at Centro Para las Investigaciones de la Psicologia de la Adolescencia to determine whether the assignment of psychologists who spoke both Spanish and English would result in fewer teenage dropouts after the first therapy session than the assignment of psychologists who were not bilingual. The intern who collected and analyzed the data was very excited because the study emphatically proved the hypothesis that there was indeed a significant relationship between knowing the Spanish language and the probability of teenage clients remaining in therapy after the first visit. However, when the report was submitted for possible publication in the center's newsletter, it was rejected immediately on the grounds that the study proved nothing. The intern completely overlooked the fact that not only the non-Spanish-speaking group of psychologists, but also the Spanish-speaking group, needed to be non-Hispanic! The poor design of the study was primarily the fault of which person or persons?

A)The intern
B)The intern's supervisor
C)The project manager
D)The supervisor and project manager equally