Deck 2: Civil War

Question 1

Frederick Douglass based his appeal for the end of enslavement for African Americans on which of the following?

A)The differences between slavery in Africa and the United States
B)The slaves' desire to return to their homeland in Africa
C)The failure of the South to adequately justify the institution
D)The promise of equality inherent in American law
E)The economic hardship slavery created for the poor, white South

Answer 1

The promise of equality inherent in American law

Question 2

The South used all of the following rationales to justify slavery EXCEPT:

A)Slaves were the descendants of the Biblical figure Cain.
B)Slavery was common in Africa, so it represented little change in status.
C)Slavery was a necessary component of all great societies.
D)Slavery eliminated the need for a middle class in the South.
E)Those of African descent were too child-like to live independently.

Answer 2

Slavery eliminated the need for a middle class in the South.

Question 3

What was the last straw in the chain of events that caused the South to secede?

A)The publication of Uncle Tom's Cabin
B)The Compromise of 1850
C)The election of Abraham Lincoln
D)The Dred Scott decision
E)The Fugitive Slave law of 1850

Answer 3

The election of Abraham Lincoln

Question 4

Abraham Lincoln became famous for his anti-slavery position after which of the following events?

A)His debates with Stephen Douglas
B)The presidential campaign of 1860
C)The Emancipation Proclamation
D)The Missouri Compromise
E)Becoming president of the American Anti-Slavery Society

Question 5

The Ku Klux Klan, formed during the early days of Reconstruction, ceased to operate at the beginning of the 1870s and remained dormant for almost a half-century due to which legislation?

A)Taft-Hartley Act
B)Jim Crow laws
C)The Force Acts
D)Anti-miscegenation laws
E)Redeemer laws

Question 6

Which of the following is a work by Harriet Beecher Stowe that sparked public interest in abolitionism in 1852?

A)A Member of the Third House
B)The Yellow Wallpaper
C)Uncle Tom's Cabin
D)The Scarlet Letter
E)The Awakened Age

Question 7

Which of the following statements about William Lloyd Garrison's paper The Liberator is true?

A)Many of subscribers were African American.
B)It was widely circulated in the South.
C)It encourage African Americans to resort to violence.
D)Other members of the abolitionist movement objected to his position.
E)It only published stories by white abolitionists.

Question 8

All of the following states entered the Union in the flood of migration after the War of 1812 EXCEPT:

A)Indiana
B)Illinois
C)West Virginia
D)Mississippi
E)Alabama

Question 9

President Andrew Johnson's Reconstruction policies differed radically from President Lincoln's because:

A)Johnson didn't respect Lincoln and wanted to undo as many of his policies as he could.
B)Congress did not recognize Johnson as a "legitimate"? president and forced him to enact policies that did not match his personal values.
C)Johnson was a Southerner who favored policies that would change as little about the South as possible, legally favoring white citizens over freedmen.
D)Johnson supported the "Back to Africa"? movement rather than promoting integration and legal equality.
E)Johnson thought the South deserved to be punished severely for its rebellion.

Question 10

Which of the following statements is true of the Southern economy before the devastation of the Civil War?

A)Westward expansion was threatening Southern economic dominance.
B)It was gradually declining as machinery replaced a lot of manual labor.
C)It could have easily replaced slave labor with free labor.
D)It had consistently lagged behind the industrializing North.
E)It was the third largest in the world.

Question 11

All of the following contributed the canon of American slave narratives EXCEPT:

A)Frederick Douglas
B)John Brown
C)Harriet Jacobs
D)Harriet Tubman

Question 12

Which of the following is true of the Northern economy during the Civil War?

A)It flourished due to wartime production.
B)Wartime production balanced out the cost of the war.
C)The numerous casualties shrank the workforce, damaging the economy.
D)The loss of trade with England was more devastating than expected.
E)The lack of Southern cotton shut down the textile industry.

Question 13

Which of the following abolitionists was famous for burning the Constitution in protest of its failure to prohibit slavery?

A)James Forten
B)Lydia Maris Child
C)Angelina Grimke
D)John C. Calhoun
E)William Lloyd Garrison

Question 14

Which of the following did the Radical Republicans generally not support?

A)Suffrage for freedmen
B)The Reconstruction Acts
C)The impeachment of President Andrew Johnson
D)Carpetbaggers
E)Black Codes

Question 15

Which of the following erroneous assumptions contributed to the South's decision to secede?

A)The West would secede as well.
B)If South Carolina left, other states would follow.
C)The United States military would be equitably divided.
D)The British would provide military support the South.
E)Slavery was acceptable internationally.

Question 16

The ratification or issuance of which of the following texts is considered the legal beginning of the Reconstruction Era?

A)Emancipation Proclamation
B)Jim Crow laws
C)Reconstruction Acts
D)Gettysburg Address
E)14th Amendment to the United States Constitution

Question 17

The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 actually forwarded the abolitionist's cause-in spite of the fact that it required slaves to be returned to the South-because:

A)The language was so unclear that it was unenforceable.
B)It generated so much negative publicity when enforced.
C)People had not realized that fugitive slaves had to be returned.
D)Fugitive slaves marched in protest against it, attracting attention.
E)California became a free state at the same time, overshadowing the South's benefits.

Question 18

The local and state laws enacted in the South during late Reconstruction that instituted de jure racial segregation were called:

A)Anti-miscegenation laws
B)Jim Crow laws
C)Black Codes
D)Reconstruction Acts
E)Apartheid

Question 19

Which of the following acts forwarded by the Radical Republicans ensured that economic recovery would be virtually impossible for the South after the Civil War?

A)Not letting former Confederates hold office
B)The refusal to validate Confederate currency
C)Putting the South under martial law
D)Military occupation of the South
E)Arresting members of the Ku Klux Klan

Question 20

The expansion of the railroads created which of the following shifts in the Northern economy?

A)The Northern economy overtook the Southern by 1850.
B)The canal systems became obsolete, creating debt.
C)The North went from trading with the South to trading with the West.
D)Skilled labor began moving west, creating vast shortages.
E)Banks began to be owned exclusively by railroad companies.

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT true of the role of women in the abolitionist?

A)It was criticized for drawing women away from domestic duties.
B)It drew additional attention to the women's rights movement.
C)Social norms prohibited women from speaking in public.
D)Some abolitionists believed women should not hold office in abolitionist organizations.
E)Free women were not allowed to be in the company of female slaves.

Question 22

Which of the following was the purpose of the Freedmen's Bureau?

A)To help emancipated slaves negotiate employment contracts with landowners, as well as find food, housing, health care, and education
B)To help slaves become free
C)To help freed slaves immigrate to Africa
D)To employ emancipated slaves
E)To enlist slaves in the Union Army, thereby freeing them

Question 23

The Free Soil Party formed in 1848 in response to which of the following?

A)The Nullification Crisis
B)The Gold Rush
C)The Mexican-American War
D)The passing of Missouri Compromise
E)The failure of the Wilmot Proviso

Question 24

All of the following statements about the Emancipation Proclamation are true EXCEPT:

A)It freed the slaves in the Confederacy.
B)It maintained slavery in the border states.
C)Lincoln wrote it as soon as he entered the White House.
D)It influenced England's willingness to support the South.
E)It was a response to declining abolitionist support.

Question 25

Which of the following strategies employed by the North at the end of the Civil War heightened Southern animosity?

A)The use of canons and other long-distance artillery
B)The total war tactics practiced in Sherman's March to the Sea
C)The conditions at Andersonville Prison
D)Lincoln's efforts to negotiate a peaceful restoration of the South
E)The use of ironclad ships

Question 26

Which of the following was the term used for white Southern Republicans who promoted Reconstruction in their home states?

A)Dixiecrats
B)Yellow Dog Democrats
C)Carpetbaggers
D)Scalawags
E)Radical Republicans

Question 27

The decision on whether to admit the states of New Mexico and Arizona as free states or slave states was made by:

A)The Senate
B)Popular sovereignty
C)The Missouri Compromise
D)Presidential edict
E)Skirmishes among abolitionists and those who supported slavery

Question 28

Northerners who were previously indifferent to the condition of African Americans began to oppose slavery for which of the following reasons?

A)They saw how it was destroying the class system in the South.
B)They viewed it as a potential affront to their liberty.
C)The African-American population increased, breaking down racial barriers.
D)Slaves only counted for 3/5 of a person, lowering Southern taxes.
E)The South was trying to make slavery legal in the North.

Question 29

The majority of abolitionists believed that their message to end slavery should be spread through

A)Violence
B)Political means
C)Moral suasion
D)Propaganda
E)Churches only

Question 30

Which of the following is not one of the reasons Reconstruction was ultimately considered a failure?

A)The disparity between Northern and Southern states in terms of economic prosperity and modernization
B)The proliferation of disenfranchising legislation throughout the Southern states in the years following Reconstruction
C)The intensity and duration of racially motivated violence in the Southern states
D)The disparity between Northern and Southern states in student achievement in the public education system
E)The economic panics that occurred nationwide in the latter portion of the 1800s

Question 31

The Southern response to Northern demand for abolitionism-put forward by notable politicians like George Fitzhugh-included all of the following arguments EXCEPT:

A)Slaves were child-like and incompetent; therefore, they could not take care of themselves.
B)Given a choice, most slaves expressed a desire to remain in slavery.
C)Owners were not all abusive and generally viewed slaves with a benevolent paternalism.
D)All great societies had been built on slavery, so it was the price of success.
E)Northern factory owners were equally abusive to their employees, if not more so.

Question 32

In terms of Southern Reconstruction, President Lincoln's assassination was ironic because:

A)Lincoln didn't want to facilitate meaningful Reconstruction policies anyway.
B)John Wilkes Booth perpetrated the assassination to "redeem"? the South, but Lincoln would have treated the former Confederacy much more favorably than his successors, had he lived.
C)Lincoln wanted to reunify the nation but would not have promoted racial integration, thus preserving the culture of white Southerners as it existed before the war.
D)Lincoln was terminally ill and would have died soon of natural causes anyway.
E)The former Confederacy was planning a second war against the Union, but the assassination united so many people that the advocates for renewed war feared they would be defeated quickly.

Question 33

Mob attacks against prominent abolitionists, such as the one that killed abolitionist editor Elijah P. Lovejoy in 1837, had what effect on the abolitionist movement?

A)It caused attendance at abolitionist meetings to decline.
B)It drew attention to the cause and increased support.
C)All abolitionists became suspect and were followed by authorities.
D)It made the South reconsider the price of slavery as white lives were lost.
E)Pro-slavery advocates blamed slaves for the violence, weakening the movement.

Question 34

The Second Great Awakening helped spread abolitionism because of which core belief?

A)The betterment of the common man
B)The desire to create social equality and end discrimination
C)The emphasis on established religions, such as the Episcopal and Catholic Churches
D)Advocacy of equality between the sexes
E)The need for religious tolerance

Question 35

Which of the following events was turning point of the Civil War in favor of the Union?

A)The burning of the Shenandoah Valley
B)The Battle of Gettysburg
C)First Bull Run
D)The issuing of the Emancipation Proclamation
E)The Battle of Antietam

Question 36

Which of the following best summarizes the goals of the Constitutional Unionist party, which emerged briefly for the 1860 presidential election?

A)Rewriting state constitutions
B)Creating separate constitutions for each region
C)Allowing the South to secede
D)Banning slavery
E)Maintaining the status quo

Question 37

In the early 19^th century, many people headed west across the US on a network of wagon trails, such as the Oregon Trail. Which of the following describes the interaction of Native Americans with settlers heading west on these trails?

A)Relatively peaceful
B)Hostile with many violent attacks
C)Virtually non-existent
D)Encouraging interracial marriage
E)Requiring careful negotiation

Question 38

Which of the following men was a militant abolitionist who was hanged?

A)John Brown
B)Frederick Douglas
C)Horace Greely
D)Hinton Helper
E)William Lloyd Garrison

Question 39

Which event ultimately led to the end of the Reconstruction Era?

A)The Spanish-American War
B)The Panic of 1896
C)The Great Depression
D)The disputed presidential election between Hayes and Tilden in 1876
E)The Panic of 1873

Question 40

Which of the following statements describes the role of women in the abolitionist movement?

A)They were applauded for their willingness to speak publically about the issue.
B)They felt that women would not get the vote until the slaves were free.
C)They would not have been involved in the movement without men recruiting them.
D)They were criticized for speaking in public and often excluded from important meetings.
E)They were largely indifferent to the issue of slavery, focusing instead on women's rights.

Question 41

Harriet Tubman was instrumental in founding which of the following?

A)Godey's Lady's Book
B)Lowell Factory Unions
C)The Women's Temperance Association
D)The Daughters of Liberty
E)The Underground Railroad

Question 42

All of the following statements reflect the experience of African Americans in the abolitionist movement EXCEPT:

A)They were often in subordinate roles when working with white leaders.
B)They created abolitionist societies for African Americans.
C)They encouraged free African Americans to gain skilled positions to forward rights.
D)They believed that races needed to be segregated in order to achieve equality.
E)Their presence broke down racial barriers within the movement.

Question 43

Many northerners opposed abolitionism because:

A)They had family members in the South who were slave owners.
B)Abolition would mean equality for women.
C)They feared that free African Americans would take their jobs.
D)They owned slaves themselves or wanted to.
E)They feared that it would lead to equality for African Americans.

Question 44

Formerly enslaved women, including Harriet Jacobs, sought to draw attention to the sexual abuse inherent in slavery in order to:

A)Urge white, Southern women to end family members' abuse of enslaved women.
B)Illustrate that women should not fear speaking about sexual issues.
C)Encourage interracial relationships.
D)Demand changes in laws to have rape statutes apply to female slaves.
E)Explain the presence of light-skinned African American children.

Question 45

Which of the following represents a conflict in which blood was shed between abolitionists and those who supported slavery?

A)War for Texas
B)Haymarket Riots
C)Little Big Horn
D)Bleeding Kansas
E)Harper's Ferry

Question 46

Emancipation did not improve the material conditions of many former slaves after the Civil War for which of the following reasons?

A)Their freedom did not extend to their children.
B)They received minimal compensation for their years of service.
C)The migrated to the North, where they lived in poverty.
D)Many were forced into contracts that essentially recreated slavery.
E)It was illegal for them to leave the plantations where they were born.

Question 47

Immigrants joined the Northern army in large numbers during the Civil War for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

A)They opposed slavery.
B)They were tricked into joining the military upon arriving in the country.
C)It provided food, clothing, and shelter.
D)Immigrants were promoted more rapidly than their native-born counterparts.
E)The Southern aristocracy resembled the oppressive European class they fled from.