Deck 4: World Religions

Question 1

Muslim prophet Muhammad migrated from _________________ to _________________, where he ultimately integrated Muslim Arabia under a singular Islamic polity.

A)Medina to Mecca
B)Damascus to Mecca
C)Medina to Baghdad
D)Baghdad to Damascus
E)Mecca to Medina

Answer 1

Mecca to Medina

Question 2

Which of the following combinations of civilizations, leaders, and religious figures is incorrect?

A)Sumer - Gilgamesh - pantheon of many deities
B)Israel - Saul - Yahweh
C)Persia/Achaemenid Empire - Cyrus the Great - Ahura Mazda
D)Babylonia - Hammurabi - Muhammad
E)New Kingdom Egypt - Ramses III - Ra

Answer 2

Babylonia - Hammurabi - Muhammad

Question 3

The following are all true of Erasmus of Rotterdam except:

A)He believed that a break from the Church hierarchy was necessary.
B)He read the New Testament in its early Greek form.
C)He was critical of the Catholic Church.
D)He wanted to simplify the Christian church by returning to its simpler form, as it was in the beginning.
E)His writings were an inspiration to the Protestant Reformation.

Answer 3

He believed that a break from the Church hierarchy was necessary.

Question 4

The schism between the Sunni and Shi'ite Muslims was the result of a disagreement regarding the Khulfa-e-Rashideen, who was/were:

A)The first four Caliphs after Muhammad
B)Muhammad
C)Women of the aristocratic class
D)Arabian people who did not practice Islam
E)The military chief who succeeded Muhammad

Question 5

The right of a head of state to choose the religion that was practiced in his nation was first established by:

A)Peace of Augsburg
B)Council of Trent
C)Peace of Westphalia
D)Peace of Paris
E)Edict of Worms

Question 6

Baruch Spinoza is known for which of the following?

A)Using scientific thought to prove the existence of God
B)Developing secular humanism
C)Reconsidering the role of history in understanding modern society
D)Arguing that God did not have consciousness
E)Mediating common ground among Protestant faiths

Question 7

What was the text written by Martin Luther and posted on the door of Castle Church of Wittenberg, which sparked changes and served as a challenge to the Roman Catholic Church?

A)Ninety-Five Theses on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences
B)Institutes
C)Meditations on First Philosophy
D)Principles of Cartesian Philosophy
E)The New Atlantis

Question 8

Formally known as the Tribunal of the Holy Office of the Inquisition, what was the Spanish tribunal that was established on 1480 to monitor and maintain orthodoxy of converts from Judaism and Islam?

A)The Crusades
B)The Matadors
C)The Moors
D)Sephardic Society
E)The Spanish Inquisition

Question 9

Anthropologist Sir James Frazer's The Golden Bough challenged Christian beliefs for which of the following reasons?

A)Frazer's digs at biblical sites yielded poor results.
B)Frazer found similarities between Christian and pagan rituals.
C)Frazer discovered religion had a minimal role in non-Western cultures.
D)Frazer argued that non-Western culture could not effectively adopt Christianity.
E)Frazer predicted that Buddhism would one day be the dominant world religion.

Question 10

During the Hellenistic Period, many Greek citizens gave up the mythological religion of Zeus and the Olympian gods and began following:

A)Paganism
B)Judaism
C)Idolatry
D)Christianity
E)Mystery religions

Question 11

Which of the following describes the role of religion at the beginning of the 18th century?

A)Religious fervor ran high.
B)Religious wars continued.
C)The Pope became more willing to accept scientific advancement.
D)Protestant sects became more unified.
E)Non-Christian religions spread throughout Europe.

Question 12

Voltaire advocated religious tolerance for which of the following reasons?

A)He felt that it would weaken the Catholic Church, which he opposed.
B)He viewed religion as a social phenomenon, so doctrine was secondary.
C)He was constantly persecuted, as were other Huguenots.
D)He fled to Austria to practice religion freely.
E)The wars generated by religious conflicts were costly for the state.

Question 13

Which religious group that was NOT protected under the Peace of Augsburg was specifically protected under the Peace of Westphalia?

A)Anglicans
B)Anabaptists
C)Catholics
D)Calvinists
E)Lutherans

Question 14

Which of the following describes Elizabeth I's views on religion?

A)She was Protestant but went back and forth on her regulation of religious issues. She ordered a group of Catholics to be burned at the stake for plotting to overthrow her.
B)She was Catholic but very tolerant of religious differences, believing that faith was a private matter.
C)She was Protestant and militantly opposed to religious freedom, occasionally ordering Protestants to be burned at the stake for heresy.
D)She was Protestant but very tolerant of religious differences, believing that faith was a private matter.
E)She was Catholic and militantly opposed to religious freedom, occasionally ordering Protestants to be burned at the stake for heresy.

Question 15

Henry of Navarre began France's Dynasty and converted to _____ to save his kingdom.

A)Valois, Calvinism
B)Bourbon, Catholicism
C)Hapsburg, Protestantism
D)Hapsburg, Catholicism
E)Bourbon, Calvinism

Question 16

The first monotheistic religions originating in the Near East were Judaism and:

A)Christianity
B)Islam
C)Zoroastrianism
D)Buddhism
E)Confucianism

Question 17

According to tradition, the father of the Hebrew people was:

A)Noah
B)Yahweh
C)Torah
D)Abraham
E)Adam

Question 18

What Greek god ruled over the other Greek gods and goddesses:

A)Zeus
B)Apollo
C)Jupiter
D)Heracles
E)Saturn