Deck 5: Group-Work

Question 1

In referring to group behavior, what is a 'norm'?

A)The person that acts out the most
B)An expected behavior
C)The group's behavior on a whole
D)An unexpected behavior

Answer 1

An expected behavior

Question 2

Conforming to group pressure out of a need for acceptance and approval is called _____________.

A)Norm Fruitation
B)Norm Conformation
C)Normative Social Influence
D)Normalization

Answer 2

Normative Social Influence

Question 3

Every culture has definite 'norms.' One that seems to include all cultures has to do with maintaining an appropriate distance between people. This distance is referred to as _________.

A)Physical Space
B)Interpersonal Distance
C)Appropriate Distance
D)Personal Space

Answer 3

Personal Space

Question 4

Groups seem to have several influences on an individual; one such influence comes from the need for direction and information and the belief that the group has more knowledge than the individual. This is referred to as ___________________________.

A)Informational Social Influence
B)Individual Need Influence
C)Group Influence Need
D)None of the above

Question 5

Attractive actors/actresses and popular sports stars are paid lots of money to endorse certain products because advertisers know that a majority of people want to be as cool, beautiful, or popular as they are. What is this major factor in conformity called?

A)Star Quality Groups
B)Reference Groups
C)Sky High Groups
D)Attractiveness Factor

Question 6

What are the two major forms of social influence?

A)Imitation, Acceptance
B)Personal, Approval
C)Conformity, Obedience
D)Information, Responsibility

Question 7

One of the best ways to decrease destructive forms of obedience is by the assignment of _________________.

A)Approval
B)Imitation
C)Obedience
D)Responsibility

Question 8

What is conformity?

A)Going along with the group
B)Changing one's behavior because of real or imagined group pressure
C)Doing what is popular at the time
D)All of the above

Question 9

How do you decide someone's motive for doing something? It has been found that most people first try to figure out if the person acted as a result of internal or external causes. Harold Kelly gave three criteria for answering the internal-external question; which two of them are listed below?

A)Consistency, fault
B)Mind-set, distinctiveness
C)Unusual, consensus
D)Consistency, consensus

Question 10

There is a saliency bias associated with attribution. Which statement below most closely describes the meaning?

A)Some personalities/behaviors are more noticeable than situational factors
B)Some people just look/act guilty, so you recognize that
C)It's a kind of cause/effect behavior
D)There's no such thing

Question 11

Why are people likely to blame the victim?

A)It's an easy solution
B)They don't take time to consider the true facts
C)It helps us maintain our belief of bad things happen to bad people
D)All of the above

Question 12

Fear induction is one of the most effective persuasion techniques and is commonly used in advertisements and public service announcements. For fear tactics to work there must be three factors to the message. They are ____________, _____________, and ____________.

A)Make the message dramatic, with lots of blood, then give it a happy ending
B)Show a really frightful situation, make it dramatic, then dissolve the fear
C)Must engender a lot of fear, audience must believe the message, instructions for avoiding the danger must be present
D)Listen to any "good" politician and you'll soon figure it out!

Question 13

Are some people easier to persuade than others? Are you? There have been four major audience characteristics that have been studied in relation to persuasion, pick the one that is NOT a factor in this study.

A)Reactance
B)Personality Traits
C)Involvement
D)Resistance

Question 14

Group practices of prejudice and discrimination have been a large part of our society. What is the meaning of in-group favoritism and out-group negativity?

A)An in-group tends to see themselves as more attractive, while an out-group is looked down upon
B)in-group is one to belong to, out-group consists of everybody outside the In-group
C)People create in-groups and out-groups by favoring one type of people over another
D)All of the above

Question 15

A very dangerous kind of cognitive bias is the tendency to see more diversity among members of your 'in-group' and less diversity among the 'out-group'. This "they all look alike to me" tendency is termed the __________________.

A)Out-group Are All Alike Effect
B)Out-group Homogeneity Effect
C)Out-group Are-As-One Effect
D)Out-group Personality Needs Effect

Question 16

When lower-class groups tend to blame each other rather than the upper class or the class system itself, it is known as Displaced Aggression. What causes this aggression to be displaced?

A)The source is too big to fight
B)The source is capable of retaliating
C)People often displace their aggression on a nonthreatening target
D)All of the above

Question 17

Researchers have identified three methods to combat prejudice and aggression between groups. Which of the following choices is one of these methods?

A)Decreased contact
B)Separate territories
C)Super ordinate goals
D)Displaced aggression

Question 18

What is the difference between prejudice and discrimination?

A)Nothing, they are used interchangeably
B)Prejudice is an attitude, discrimination is negative behavior
C)Discrimination often results from prejudice
D)Both B and C

Question 19

How do prejudice and discrimination originate? Why do they persist? There are five major factors that are the most commonly cited sources of prejudice. Which pair of factors listed below are both factors that lead to prejudice?

A)Learning, individual personality needs
B)Cognitive processes, aggression
C)Economic /political competition, direct experiences
D)Displaced aggression, competition

Question 20

Group therapy takes on three basic forms: Family Therapy, Support Groups, and ___________.

A)Mental Health Groups
B)Evaluation Groups
C)Encounter Groups
D)None of the above

Question 21

One of the types of therapy under the heading of family therapy is family systems therapy. Which sentence best describes this form of family therapy?

A)The family is seen as an interrelated system in which each member has a major role.
B)Each member typically has comparable problems.
C)By playing and observing different roles in relationships, people gain insight.
D)Some families have more problems than others.

Question 22

What is the object of family therapy?

A)To have a fun family gathering
B)Restore family relationships
C)Bring out all the faulty family dynamics
D)Intense family confrontations

Question 23

Support Groups are one of the best known of all group therapies. The most helpful factors of support groups can be:

A)The focus is not always on you
B)Being with others that have similar problems can help us realize we're not alone
C)Seeing others improve can be a source of hope and motivation
D)All of the above

Question 24

What is a reason to join a support group?

A)A good way to meet your future mate
B)I just need to get out of the house
C)Self destructive behaviors, life crises
D)Any of the above will do

Question 25

Encounter groups are designed to promote personal growth and interpersonal communication. By what means do they accomplish this?

A)They encourage participants to openly share emotion
B)They encourage participants to tell it like it is to each other
C)They encourage participants to have intense confrontations
D)All of the above

Question 26

What is the biggest potential problem with group therapy?

A)You may not like your group
B)The group leader may not be well trained/experienced enough
C)There may not be enough 'breaks'
D)None of the above

Question 27

What could be a most helpful aspect of group therapy?

A)Hearing others' problems
B)Seeing others' reactions to the problems or situations
C)Hearing similar comments from several group members concerning your problem or behavior
D)There aren't any helpful aspects

Question 28

What is meant by 'roles in groups'?

A)Parts in a group play
B)A set of behavioral patterns
C)A category of people
D)B and C

Question 29

What would a role garnered by informal learning and inference be?

A)A teacher or trainer
B)A father or mother
C)A clown or trapeze artist
D)None of the above

Question 30

Do roles affect behavior?

A)Very much
B)Not much
C)A small amount
D)Never

Question 31

What is "deindividuation"?

A)Taking out your aggressions
B)Reinventing yourself
C)Temporarily suspending your normal identity
D)Going completely berserk

Question 32

When a group of people make decisions simply because they want to agree, it is called______________.

A)Stupidity
B)Synchronization
C)Mind guard
D)Groupthink

Question 33

Group polarization generally occurs when a group decision becomes_________________.

A)Less reliable
B)Less coherent
C)More reliable
D)More conservative or more risky

Question 34

How many people does it take to define a 'group'?

A)At least six
B)Three or four
C)Two or more
D)At least ten

Question 35

______________ is one of the many kinds of support that groups offer to those who are grieving the loss of a loved one.

A)Peer-to-peer support
B)Counseling referrals
C)Survivor seminars
D)All of the above

Question 36

Which of the following are reasons for group counseling in the grieving process?

A)To help a person realize he is not alone; to give a person the opportunity to learn from others
B)To help a person socialize; to help a person make new friends
C)To give a person something else to think about; to help a person plan activities
D)To give a person something to do besides grieve

Question 37

Besides those groups supporting spousal loss, what might be another special loss group?

A)For those who've lost an animal
B)For those recovering after a large financial loss
C)For those who have experienced the loss of a child
D)There are many groups

Question 38

Sometimes groups are facilitated by a trained professional; others are composed of _________.

A)Only peers
B)Four or five counselors
C)The funeral director
D)Anyone willing to do it

Question 39

In group work, the ___________ and _____________ from both the clinician and the group members can accelerate the process of awareness and empowerment.

A)Attention and interaction
B)Feedback and support
C)Knowledge and humor
D)Love and comfort

Question 40

Fritz Perls's work at the Esalen Institute emphasized the use of the __________in a group setting.

A)Talking Stick
B)Rotten Egg
C)Hot Seat
D)Empty Chair

Question 41

Making the Rounds is a Gestalt Therapy technique used in group settings. It is used in conjunction with the Hot Seat. In making the rounds, the group members _____________.

A)Say hi to the person sitting next to them on the hot seat
B)Listen to the person sitting in the hot seat say something about them
C)Focus on the person sitting in the hot seat and offer comments about that person
D)None of the above

Question 42

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) is particularly well-suited for treatment in a group setting, which offers participants the opportunity to _________ and __________ _________, as well as share feedback and reactions.

A)Watch and listen to others
B)Observe and try out behaviors
C)Lead others and role play
D)Demonstrate skills and communicate feelings

Question 43

Because of its forceful and directive nature and its emphasis on client responsibility, Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) is not appropriate for group work for people ___________.

A)Who have psychotic disorders
B)Who are highly suicidal or fragile
C)Both A and B
D)Who are highly confident in nature

Question 44

When providing group counseling, a clinician should be __________.

A)Able to find a good facility to have the group meet
B)Knowledgeable about member selection and member and leadership roles in groups
C)Familiar with systems and strategies of group counseling
D)Both B and C

Question 45

In group settings, members often participate in activities that enhance learning and self-exploration. Of the activities listed below, which one is a technique used in Gestalt group therapy?

A)Sitting in the hot seat
B)Creating a mask
C)Dancing to music
D)Writing a story

Question 46

Cognitive Behavioral Group Therapy (CBGT) is particularly effective for which disorder listed below?

A)Psychotic Disorder
B)Schizophrenia
C)Anxiety Disorder
D)Borderline Personality Disorder

Question 47

What type of skills can be taught in a group setting?

A)Stress management
B)Anger management
C)Social skills training
D)All of the above

Question 48

What are two of the aims of group psychotherapy?

A)To help patients identify maladaptive behaviors and provide a supportive structure for clients
B)To meet new people and learn new social skills
C)To reduce stress and anger
D)None of the above

Question 49

Are there any concerns about the effects of group psychotherapy?

A)No concerns. It benefits everyone.
B)Some concerns, but nothing to worry about
C)In some cases, there have been a worsening of symptoms or appearance of new symptoms
D)Lots of concerns; don't try it!

Question 50

What is a key belief of group therapy?

A)That the client, as an individual, must initially learn about him or herself before trying to function in a group setting.
B)That although many clients experience emotional pain alone, they can get better when interacting with others facing similar problems.
C)That a client will be more likely to have a more substantial social life if he or she becomes accustomed to being in a group.
D)Both A and C