Deck 1: Physical Care

Question 1

What should be the first action to help a client who is bleeding from the left forearm?

A)Lower the body part.
B)Apply pressure to the brachial artery.
C)Apply direct pressure to the wound.
D)Cover the person.

Answer 1

Apply direct pressure to the wound.

Question 2

You are a client who just had an abdominal surgery with coughing and deep breathing. Which of the following is not a correct procedure?

A)The client inhales through pursed lips.
B)The client sits in a comfortable sitting position.
C)The client inhales deeply through the nose.
D)The person holds a pillow over the incision.

Answer 2

The client inhales through pursed lips.

Question 3

Melrose (CNA) is taking care of Mr. Wilkins, a COPD client who is on oxygen therapy. Her knowledge about oxygen flow rates is important in order to provide efficient and safe nursing care to her client. Which of the following signifies her true understanding of oxygen flow rates?

A)She can check the flow rate.
B)She knows that the flow rate is measured in milliliters (ml).
C)She knows that the flow rate is the amount of oxygen given in 1 minute.
D)She knows that the flow rate is the same for all persons.

Answer 3

She can check the flow rate.

Question 4

Rehabilitation and restorative care focus on:

A)What the person cannot do.
B)What the person can do.
C)The whole person.
D)The person's rights.

Question 5

Using the principles of standard precautions, the nurse assistant would apply gloves when performing which of the following procedures?

A)Providing back massage
B)Feeding a client
C)Providing hair care
D)Providing oral hygiene

Question 6

Kristine (CNA) is working in a geriatric screening clinic. Kristine would expect that the skin of normal elderly clients will demonstrate which of the following characteristics?

A)Dehydration, causing the skin to swell
B)Moist skin turgor
C)Skin turgor showing loss of elasticity
D)Over hydration, causing the skin to wrinkle

Question 7

The nurse assistant is helping a hemiplegic client get dressed. Which of the following is a correct way to help this client get dressed?

A)Undress the client's weak or involved extremity first.
B)Undress the upper extremity first, then the lower extremity.
C)Undress the client's non-involved extremity last.
D)Dress the weak or most involved extremity first.

Question 8

You are assisting the nurse in collecting a urine specimen from a client who has been catheterized. When the urine begins to flow through the catheter, you will help:

A)Inflate the catheter balloon with sterile water.
B)Place the catheter tip into the specimen container.
C)Connect the catheter into the drainage tubing.
D)Place the catheter tip into the urine collection receptacle.

Question 9

The nurse assistant would expect a client diagnosed with hypertension to report which common symptom?

A)Fatigue
B)Headache
C)Nosebleeds
D)Flushed face

Question 10

Mr. Gonzales was advised by his doctor to limit salt intake because of his hypertension. Which of the following dietary practices will help him reduce his sodium intake?

A)Increasing the use of dairy products
B)Using an artificial sweetener in coffee
C)Avoiding boxed and instant foods
D)Using catsup for cooking and flavoring foods

Question 11

Mrs. Lippett, age 66, is experiencing sensory and perceptual problems that affect her right visual field (right homonymous hemianopia) because of stroke. When placing a meal tray in front of Mrs. Lippett, the nurse assistant should:

A)Place all the food on the right side of the tray.
B)Before leaving the room, remind the client to look all over the tray.
C)Place food and utensils within the client's left visual field.
D)Stay with the client & periodically draw her attention to the food on the right side of the tray to prevent unilateral neglect.

Question 12

Mrs. Ricketts has chronic gouty arthritis. The diet appropriate for Mrs. Ricketts would include:

A)Aged cheese, broiled chicken, and pasta
B)Low fat milk, green salad, citrus fruits
C)Mackerel, meat extracts, anchovies
D)Sweetbreads, steak with gravy, scallops

Question 13

One evening, Lizbeth suddenly begins running up and down the hall. She strips off her clothing and strikes out widely at anyone she sees. All of the following interventions would be appropriate except:

A)Restrain the patient.
B)Call for the assistance of at least three staff members.
C)Clear the area of other patients.
D)Call the nurse for the administration of a prn drug.

Question 14

The most appropriate time for the nurse assistant to obtain a sputum specimen is:

A)Early in the morning.
B)After the client eats a light breakfast
C)After aerosol therapy
D)After back tapping and back massage

Question 15

Which of the following interventions promotes client safety?

A)Asses the client's ability to ambulate and transfer from a bed to a chair.
B)Demonstrate the signal system to the client.
C)Check to see that the client is wearing his identification band.
D)All of the above.

Question 16

Studies have shown that about 40% of patients fall out of bed despite the use of side rails; this has led to which of the following conclusions?

A)Side rails are ineffective.
B)Side rails should not be used.
C)Side rails are a deterrent that prevent a patient from falling out of bed.
D)Side rails are a reminder to a patient not to get out of bed.

Question 17

The most common injury among elderly persons is:

A)Heart attack
B)Hip fracture
C)Increased incidence of gallbladder disease
D)Urinary tract infection

Question 18

Which of the following factors contributes to constipation?

A)Excessive exercise
B)High fiber diet
C)No regular time for defecation daily
D)Microbes in food and water

Question 19

Which of the following is the most important risk factor for development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?

A)Cigarette smoking
B)Occupational exposure
C)Air pollution
D)Genetic abnormalities

Question 20

An incontinent elderly client frequently wets his bed and eventually develops redness and skin excoriation at the perianal area. The best care goal for this client is to:

A)Make sure that the bed linen is always dry.
B)Frequently check the bed for wetness and always keep it dry.
C)Place a rubber sheet under the client's buttocks.
D)Keep the client clean and dry.

Question 21

Angie is a disoriented client who frequently falls from the bed. Which of the following is the best intervention to prevent future falls?

A)Tell Angie not to get up from bed unassisted.
B)Put the call bell within her reach.
C)Put bedside commode at the bedside to prevent Angie from getting up.
D)Put the bed in the lowest position.

Question 22

Which of the following measure(s) is /are included in the care plan of clients with fecal incontinence?
I. Help with elimination after meals and every 2 to 3 hours
II. Provide good skin care after every elimination
III. Assist the nurse in the insertion of a suppository as ordered by the physician
IV. Apply of incontinence products
V. Eliminate foods that are gas-forming (cabbage, cauliflower, radish, beans, onions, and cucumbers)

A)II and IV
B)I, II, IV, and V
C)All of the above.
D)II only

Question 23

Ms. Walsh scratches and picks at a wound in her right foot. Because she is diabetic, the nurse obtained a doctor's order to apply mitt restraints. You were delegated by the nurse to monitor Ms. Walsh after the restraints were applied. Which of the following are important to report to the nurse?

A)Her heart rate
B)Her respiratory rate
C)The appearance of the wound
D)If you feel a pulse in the restrained extremities

Question 24

The nurse aide identifies a reddened area that does not blanch over the client's sacrum. The nurse aide should

A)Massage the area four times each day.
B)Perform range-of-motion exercises with the client.
C)Keep the area covered with a sterile dressing.
D)Reposition the client regularly throughout the day.

Question 25

The physician has ordered to bladder training for a client with an indwelling catheter. The goal of bladder training is to

A)Remove the catheter.
B)Allow the person to walk to the bathroom.
C)Gain control of urination.
D)Void every 3 to 4 hours.

Question 26

Jeremy (CNA) is assisting Mr. Shank walk in the hallway. After several steps, the client complained of light-headedness and suddenly fainted. What should be Jeremy's initial action?

A)Call the nurse to check on the client.
B)Bring the client as close to his body as fast as possible.
C)Lower the client to the floor.
D)Prevent the client from falling.

Question 27

When removing gowns and gloves, which of the following is inappropriate?

A)Wash gloved hands first.
B)Peel off gloves inside out.
C)Use the glove-to-glove, skin-to-skin technique.
D)Remove mask and gown before removing gloves.

Question 28

Which of the following is the most effective practice by caregivers and family when caring for a client with low resistance to infection due to cancer?

A)Allow two visitors only, at a time.
B)Wash hands thoroughly.
C)Wear masks in the client's room at all times.
D)Meticulous cleaning of the client's room.

Question 29

Macy, the new nurse aide, is about to take a client's rectal temperature as ordered by the nurse. Which of the following actions show that Macy is doing the procedure inappropriately?

A)Explaining the procedure to the client and assisting in the right-side lying position.
B)Dipping probe into liberal amount of lubricant applied to a tissue, covering the probe at least 1 to 2 inches.
C)With non-dominant hand, separating buttocks to expose anus; asking the resident to breathe slowly and relax.
D)With dominant hand, inserting thermometer probe gently into anus, aiming the probe in the direction of the umbilicus, which is 1-2 inches.

Question 30

Mrs. Moore, a 69-year-old client, is emaciated. The nurse aide takes precautionary measures in order to prevent which of the following problems in skin integrity?

A)Blisters
B)Pressure sores
C)Reddening of the skin
D)Pustules

Question 31

All of the following are correct methods in obtaining blood pressure except:

A)Take the blood pressure reading on both arms for comparison.
B)Listen to and identify the phases of Korotkoff's sound.
C)Pump the cuff to around 50 mmHg above the point where the pulse is obliterated.
D)Observe procedures for infection control.

Question 32

A client is admitted to the unit with an order for hourly monitoring of blood pressure. The nurse aide finds that the cuff is too small. This will cause the blood pressure reading to be:

A)Inconsistent.
B)Low systolic and high diastolic.
C)Higher than what the reading should be.
D)Lower than what the reading should be.

Question 33

In order to get an accurate reading, how long should you wait after a client smokes or drinks coffee before taking his or her blood pressure?

A)15 minutes
B)30 minutes
C)1 hour
D)5 minutes

Question 34

When performing oral care on an unconscious client, which of the following prevents aspiration of fluids into the lungs?

A)Put the client on a side-lying position with the head of bed lowered.
B)Keep the client dry by placing a towel under the chin.
C)Wash hands and observe appropriate infection control.
D)Clean the client's mouth with oral swabs in a careful and an orderly progression.

Question 35

The doctor orders for a "daily urine specimen to be sent to the laboratory" for Eileen, who was operated on for renal stones. Eileen has a Foley catheter attached to a urinary drainage system. How will you collect the urine specimen?

A)Remove urine from the drainage tube with a sterile needle and syringe and empty urine from the syringe into the specimen container.
B)Empty a sample of urine from the collecting bag into the specimen container.
C)Disconnect the drainage tube from the indwelling catheter and allow urine to flow from the catheter into the specimen container.
D)Disconnect the drainage from the collecting bag and allow the urine to flow from the catheter into the specimen container.

Question 36

Just as the nurse aide was entering the room, the client who was sitting on his chair begins to have a seizure. Which of the following must the nurse aide do first?

A)Ease the client to the floor.
B)Lift the client and put him on the bed.
C)Insert a padded tongue depressor between his jaws.
D)Restraint client's body movement.

Question 37

Mr. Santos is placed on seizure precaution. Which of the following would be contraindicated?

A)Obtaining his oral temperature
B)Encouraging him to perform his own personal hygiene.
C)Allowing him to wear his own clothing.
D)Encouraging him to be out of bed

Question 38

The nurse aide is demonstrating proper foot care to a diabetic client. Which of the following is an appropriate action?

A)Soaking the client's feet in hot water
B)Avoiding using mild soap on the feet
C)Applying a moisturizing lotion to dry feet, but not between the toes
D)Cutting nails and removing cuticles weekly

Question 39

When you say sterile, it means:

A)The material is clean.
B)The material and the equipment are sterilized and have undergone a rigorous sterilization process.
C)There is a black stripe on the paper indicator.
D)The material has no microorganism nor spores present that might cause an infection.

Question 40

Apnea seen in clients with Cheyne-Stokes respiration is defined as:

A)Inability to breath in a supine position, so the patient sits up in bed to breathe.
B)The client is dead; the breathing stops.
C)There is an absence of breathing for a period of time, usually 15 seconds or more.
D)Slow, shallow, and sometimes irregular respirations

Question 41

Lulu Simpson, 52 years old, is scheduled for a colonoscopy. Prior to the diagnostic procedure, a cleansing enema was ordered by the physician. As the nurse informs Ms. Simpson of the order, you are aware that the common position for this procedure is:

A)Sims left lateral.
B)Dorsal Recumbent.
C)Supine.
D)Prone.

Question 42

Which of the following actions should the nurse aide take to use a wide base support when assisting a client to get up in a chair?

A)Bend at the waist and place arms under the client's arms and lift.
B)Face the client, bend knees and place hands on client's forearm and lift.
C)Spread feet apart.
D)Tighten pelvic muscles.

Question 43

What should be done in order to prevent contamination of the environment in bed making?

A)Avoid fanning soiled linens.
B)Strip all linens at the same time.
C)Finished both sides at the time.
D)Embrace soiled linen.

Question 44

Hillary Stank (CNA) is about to bring the meal tray to the room of Mrs. Agnes Wilbur, a 69 year-old resident, who survived a stroke with some neurological deficits and moderate dysphagia. Which of the following statement is incorrect about a client with dysphagia?

A)The client will find pureed or soft foods, such as custards, easier to swallow than water.
B)Fowler's or semi Fowler's position reduces the risk of aspiration during swallowing.
C)The client should always feed herself.
D)The nurse aid should perform oral hygiene before assisting with feeding.

Question 45

Rina (CNA) is assisting the nurse with transferring a client from the operating room table to a stretcher. To provide safety to the client, Rina is aware that she should:

A)Move the client rapidly from the table to the stretcher.
B)Uncover the client completely before transferring to the stretcher.
C)Secure the client's safety belts after transferring to the stretcher.
D)Instruct the client to move self from the table to the stretcher.

Question 46

The most frequent mode of transmission in healthcare facilities is contact transmission of infectious organisms on:

A)Hands of personnel or clients.
B)Linens and towels.
C)Personal articles.
D)Equipment and supplies.

Question 47

The physician requests a pair of sterile scissors. A pair of scissors found at the bedside is in an original factory wrapping that has been opened but taped closed again. Which of the following should the nursing aide do?

A)Check the hospital policy manual regarding use of opened supplies.
B)Obtain a pair of sterile scissors that have not been opened.
C)Provide the scissors to the physician because they are available and probably have not been used.
D)Question another nurse aide regarding the sterility of the scissors found at the table.

Question 48

Ms. Olive Spencer is to remain on bed rest until her second postoperative day. During this period, what method of bed making would be most appropriate?

A)Making an unoccupied bed.
B)Making an occupied bed.
C)Making a closed bed.
D)Making an open bed.

Question 49

The preferred position for the client receiving a back massage is:

A)Prone
B)Supine
C)Fowler's
D)Side lying.

Question 50

When giving the client a bed bath, which of the following sequences is preferred?

A)Face, arms, legs, chest, back, buttocks
B)Face, chest, arms, legs, back, buttocks
C)Face, chest, arms, back, buttocks, legs
D)Face, arms, chest, legs, back, buttocks

Question 51

When shaving a male client, the nurse aide should:

A)Soften the beard with a warmed towel before beginning.
B)Pinch up the area to be shaved.
C)Shave in the opposite direction of hair growth.
D)Use a safety razor to avoid cuts if the client is at risk for excessive bleeding.

Question 52

When transferring a client to a wheelchair, which of the following should be true?

A)The client's feet are touching the ground to stabilize the chair.
B)The nurse aide is fully supporting the client's weight using back, not thigh, muscles.
C)No weight is placed on the client's legs during the procedure.
D)All the wheels are locked to avoid chair movement and falls.

Question 53

The staff nurse informed the nurse aide that Mrs. Wilson has a cold and is taking a medication that may affect her equilibrium. Which of the following precautionary measures is appropriate for Mrs. Wilson?

A)Mrs. Wilson should move quickly when getting out of bed to avoid falling down.
B)Mrs. Wilson should ambulate carefully to the restroom with assistance as needed.
C)The nurse assistant should offer extra servings of meat or other protein to stabilize her balance.
D)The nurse assistant should remind the nurse to offer Mrs. Wilson a multivitamin daily to build her red blood cell levels.

Question 54

Proper use of body mechanics during client transfer involves:

A)Instructing the client not to assist in the procedure to avoid a possible strain on the nurse.
B)Lifting and carrying, rather than sliding or pulling, the client whenever possible.
C)The nurse aide places both feet side by side on the floor with knees straight to increase the base of support.
D)The nurse aide tightens the abdominal and gluteal muscles before lifting or moving a client.

Question 55

In order to maintain the workload near the center of gravity to prevent muscle strain and fatigue, the nurse aide should do which of the following when moving a client or heavy object?

A)Carry the object close to the body.
B)Hyperextend the arms and neck whenever possible during the move.
C)Maintain the bed in its lowest position with the side rails up.
D)Stand as far away from the work area as possible.

Question 56

The nurse aide would report to the nurse that a client has decreased muscle strength if which of the following were observed?

A)Bilateral hand grasps are firm.
B)Leg force against the nurse aide's hand is very resisting.
C)Extended arms begin to drift down after a few minutes.
D)Leg muscles can support body weight.

Question 57

The most effective and appropriate action for an immobilized client who is at risk for pressure sores would be to:

A)Maintain the client in one position for as long as tolerated.
B)Place the client in a chair for 6 to 8 hours twice daily.
C)Position the client with greatest weight at the bony prominences.
D)Turn the client every 2 hours and position on side with pillows.

Question 58

Logrolling is accomplished through which of the following procedures?

A)Instructing the client to keep the body as relaxed as possible during the move.
B)Moving the client's legs and feet before turning the chest and head to the side.
C)Turning the upper part of the client's body first.
D)Using a draw sheet to turn obese clients smoothly.

Question 59

Mrs. Sipps has a nasogastric tube in place for intermittent feedings. During feedings she should be placed in which position, unless contraindicated?

A)Flat with head to one side
B)Flat and supine
C)High Fowler's
D)Right lateral

Question 60

Mr. Park presents in the physician's office for a routine check-up. A urine specimen is noted to be 250 mL of light yellow, cloudy, odorless urine. All of the specimen's characteristics are normal except

A)Amount
B)Clarity
C)Color
D)Odor

Question 61

The nurse tells the nurse aide that she is about to perform a guaiac test on the client's stool. The nurse aide understands that this is a test to examine:

A)Bacteria formation.
B)Hidden blood.
C)Bright red blood.
D)Mucus and fat deposits.

Question 62

A client has been identified as having a very virulent bacterial infection that is spread through close physical contact. The nurse aide understands that, in order to decrease the chance of spreading these organisms, which of the following infection control precautions should be observed?

A)Airborne precautions
B)Droplet precautions
C)Contact precautions
D)Protective precautions

Question 63

The nurse aide is bathing a client who has an infection spread by droplets. Prior to reporting to work, the nurse aide's hands were scratched by a pet cat. Which of the following pieces of protective gear does the nurse aide not need in this situation?

A)Mask
B)Gown
C)Goggles
D)Gloves

Question 64

Mr. Gomez, a 55-year-old taxi driver, complains of tickling in the throat and a bubbling sensation in the chest, then coughs up bright red, frothy blood mixed with sputum. The nurse aide reports this finding to the nurse as:

A)Hematemesis
B)Orthopnea
C)Intercostal retraction
D)Hemoptysis

Question 65

An elderly client is admitted to the unit for the first time. Which of the following actions ensures the safety of the client?

A)Keep unnecessary furniture out of the way.
B)Keep lights on all the time.
C)Keep side rails up at all times.
D)Keep all equipment out of view.

Question 66

A client uses a cane to assist with ambulation. Which of the following statements made by the client indicates the need for additional assistance?

A)"My elbow should be slightly flexed while using the cane."
B)"I should hold the cane on my affected side."
C)"A walker would be more difficult to use than a cane."
D)"While walking here in the hospital, socks alone my cause me to slip."

Question 67

During an exercise session, the nurse aide assists the client to dorsiflex and plantar flex the foot, explaining that the client needs to exercise the foot to maintain function. The client looks surprised and asks what kind of exercise this is. The nurse aide should include which of the following types of exercise in a reply?

A)Active range of motion
B)Passive range of motion
C)Isometric exercise
D)Isotonic exercise

Question 68

Mr. Kleine, age 57, was diagnosed with chronic bronchitis. Andrea, the nurse aide assigned to him, knows that all of the following are appropriate interventions to promote adequate respiratory function, except:

A)Adequate fluid intake.
B)Minimizing cigarette smoking.
C)Deep breathing and coughing exercises.
D)Frequent change of position among bedridden clients.

Question 69

Samuel Jack, 67 years old, is complaining of difficulty passing stools for several days. Upon changing his soiled diaper, you noticed an accumulation of hardened, putty-like fecal mass at the rectum. You need to report to the nurse that Mr. Jack has:

A)Obstipation
B)Constipation
C)Tympanites
D)Fecal impaction

Question 70

Which of the following nursing actions is inappropriate when collecting a clean-catch, midstream urine specimen for routine urinalysis?

A)Collect the early morning, first voided specimen.
B)Do perineal care before collection of specimen.
C)Collect 5-10 mL of urine.
D)Discard the first flow of urine.

Question 71

Michelle is giving a male client a bed bath. She noticed that the Foley catheter is no longer taped on the client's anterior thigh. Michelle obtains medical tape and secures the catheter back in place. The rationale for lateral or upward anchoring of the urethral catheter in a male is to:

A)Prevent pressure at the penescrotal area.
B)Promote comfort.
C)Secure the catheter well.
D)Provide privacy.

Question 72

A client is ordered to have a cleansing enema. The nurse aide understands that the purpose of this kind of enema is to:

A)Stimulate peristalsis through infusion of a large volume of solution.
B)Lubricate the colon and rectum.
C)Provide relief from gaseous distention.
D)Let the feces absorb oil to become softer and easier to pass.

Question 73

Constipation is best described as:

A)Irregular passage of stool.
B)Passage of stool every other day.
C)Passage of hard, dry stool.
D)Seepage of liquid feces.

Question 74

Stephanie is going to give Mrs. Crouton, a 65 year-old client, a bed bath. The initial action of Stephanie before performing the procedure is:

A)Close the door and windows of the client's room.
B)Inform the client and explain the purpose of the procedure.
C)Remove the client's gown under the cover of the top sheet.
D)Place the bed in flat position.

Question 75

The nurse aide in the activity room of a home health facility observes smoke billowing from the room that holds Ms. Monroe, a 69-year-old with Alzheimer's disease. What should be the nurse aide's first action?

A)Yell, "Fire!"
B)Close the client's door.
C)Grab the fire extinguisher.
D)Evacuate Mrs. Monroe from the room.

Question 76

Which item is inappropriate for a client whose dietary prescription is for clear liquids?

A)Ice cream
B)Popsicle
C)Gelatin
D)Broth

Question 77

Mr. Tomas Tau, 53 years old, suffered from stroke and has now manifested dysphagia. Which nursing action is most appropriate for this client?

A)Monitor intake and output, and encourage fluid intake.
B)Elevate the head of bed, and observe for signs of aspiration.
C)Ensure an emesis basin is available, and refer to the nurse so that the client will be given an antiemetic medication.
D)Prepare to assist in the insertion of subclavian venous catheter for parenteral nutrition.

Question 78

Sue McGregor, a 25 year-old schoolteacher, is being observed for a possible eating disorder. The physician orders daily weight-taking. Which action should be avoided to ensure an accurate weight?

A)Using the same scale for each measurement.
B)Balancing the scale at zero.
C)Taking the client's weight at different times each day.
D)Making sure that the client is wearing the same clothing during each measurement.

Question 79

A client is recovering from an abdominal surgery and has a large abdominal wound. The staff nurse is encouraging the client to eat foods that are naturally high in vitamin C to promote wound healing. Which of the following foods best meets this criterion?

A)Milk
B)Oranges
C)Bananas
D)Chicken

Question 80

The nursing assistant finds Mrs. Kerr on her bed unresponsive and is preparing to open the client's airway. Which of the following methods to open the airway would be most appropriate to use?

A)The jaw-thrust method
B)The head tilt-chin lift technique
C)The chest thrust method
D)The chin-to-sternum method