Deck 4: Decision Making, Critical Thinking, Technology, and Informatics

Question 1

DeLaune and Ladner (2011)have identified some limitations or obstacles to effective decision making that nurses may encounter in various health care settings.Which of the following is not one of these obstacles or limitations?

A)choosing decisions that are too narrow or too precise.
B)failing to obtain all the necessary information
C)failing to intervene and evaluate the solution or decision appropriately
D)jumping to conclusions without examining the situation completely

Answer 1

choosing decisions that are too narrow or too precise.

Question 2

Which of the following is not correct regarding the Leapfrog Group?

A)it is a voluntary program
B)encourages access to health care information
C)works with employers to encourage transparency
D)provides rewards for health care facilities with a proven record of access to care

Answer 2

provides rewards for health care facilities with a proven record of access to care

Question 3

The primary difference between the nominal technique and the Delphi technique is that in the nominal technique:

A)the group members are not thinking alike
B)the group members are thinking alike
C)the group members are not face-to-face
D)the group members meet face-to-face

Answer 3

the group members are not face-to-face

Question 4

Watching and observing others as we perform our tasks or make decisions about particular situations is called:

A)decision making
B)reflective thinking
C)intuitive thinking
D)critical thinking

Question 5

A common misconception about ____ is that everyone agrees 100%.

A)Delphi technique
B)Nominal technique
C)Groupthink
D)Consensus building

Question 6

The National Priority Partnership,created by the National Quality Forum,identified eight priority areas with the greatest potential to reduce harm,eradicate disparities,and remove waste from the U.S.health care system.Which of the following is not one of these priorities?

A)safety
B)patient and family engagement
C)infrastructure supports
D)external stakeholder satisfaction

Question 7

Which of the following is not correct about the use of simulation as a means of training nurses in academic and hospital settings?

A)can contribute to patient safety
B)opportunities to intervene in clinical situations without risk to a patient
C)can experience specified scenarios in a supervised safe setting
D)uses sensors to detect whether a person has used hand sanitizer in a specific setting

Question 8

Nurse X wants to use a very detailed decision-making tool to show the amount of time required to complete a project from beginning to end.Which tool should she use?

A)Delphi diagram
B)PERT diagram flowchart
C)Gantt chart
D)Decision analysis tree

Question 9

Group decision making used in health care settings can have both positives and negatives associated with it.Some known negatives or disadvantages are listed below.Which is not one of these known negatives to group decision making?

A)can bring in too many opinions
B)can be costly
C)can lead to conflict
D)can become a power struggle

Question 10

What process is used in clinical settings to promote reflective thinking after a situation such as a cardiac arrest or

A)venting
B)debriefing
C)problem solving
D)contemplation

Question 11

There are a number of different types of group techniques that can be used in decision making and choices,especially when applied in health care settings.One of these techniques is called the nominal group technique.The key component of the nominal group technique is that:

A)it is nonverbal
B)it is useful when there are nominal people involved
C)it is useful when there are nominal resources available
D)it is timely

Question 12

In what group decision making technique are the members not present?

A)PERT
B)Gantt
C)Delphi
D)Nominal

Question 13

In what year was Nursing Informatics recognized as a specialization area for registered nurses?

A)2000
B)1984
C)1992
D)2005

Question 14

The National Quality Forum is based on a ____ step approach for health care quality measurement and reporting.

A)five
B)three
C)six
D)four

Question 15

In the report To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health Care System (Kohn,Corrigan,& Donaldson,2000),what kind of technology was recommended as a safe nonthreatening way to teach critical thinking and clinical decision-making skills to nurses in specific settings?

A)electronic medical records
B)simulation
C)quality improvement data collection systems
D)PDAs

Question 16

The Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH)Act has mandated the use of electronic medical records by the year 2015.What is the penalty for non-compliance and not becoming a "meaningful user"?

A)Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement will be reduced
B)fines for nonusing electronic medical records
C)increase in potential for medical errors
D)inability to file Medicare and Medicaid claims electronically

Question 17

Which of the following is not a definition of critical thinking?

A)making sense of our world by carefully examining our thinking and the thinking of others in order to clarify and improve our understanding
B)the understanding of argument, recognizing fallacies, and distinguishing premises from conclusions
C)thinking about your thinking while you're thinking in order to make your thinking better
D)purposeful, outcome-directed thinking based upon a body of non-scientific knowledge derived from research and other courses of evidence

Question 18

Nurse Q has 12 patients she is responsible for on the orthopedic floor this evening.She
"gets a feeling" that she need to check on Mr.Zed in room 437 even though he was fine and sitting up in bed one hour ago when she made rounds.She discovered him on the floor after trying to reach the bathroom and calls for help.What type of thinking was Nurse Q responding to?

A)clinical thinking
B)critical thinking
C)reflective thinking
D)intuitive thinking

Question 19

Three types of thinking comprise the decision-making process.Which of the following is not one of these types of thinking?

A)reflective thinking
B)clinical thinking
C)intuitive thinking
D)critical thinking

Question 20

What does the acronym PERT stand for?

A)a type of PDA
B)a decision tree
C)a type of conditioner
D)a tool used for timing of decisions

Question 21

What does the acronym P-F-A stand for?

A)Purpose-Format-Assessment
B)Purpose-Focus-Approach
C)Project-Financial-Analysis
D)Program-Functional-Analysis

Question 22

The Spectrum of Universal Intellectual Standards,developed by the Foundation for Critical Thinking,are a set of eleven matched categories of concepts that can be used when developing and sharpening critical-thinking skills.Which of the following are some of these universal intellectual standards? Select all that apply.

A)clear-unclear
B)precise-cloudy
C)specific-vague
D)deep-superficial
E)real-unreal
F)Detaled-general

Question 23

Vroom and Yetton (1973)identified nine questions that may help managers to decide when a group decision is called for.Which of the following are some of these questions? Select all that apply.

A)Does the individual have all the information needed?
B)How does this decision impact relationships with internal and external stakeholders?
C)Will the course of action chosen make a difference to the organization?
D)Will the decision promote conflict among the group or individuals?
E)Is it absolutely critical that the individual group accept the decision before its implementation?

Question 24

What mnemonic can be used by nurses to assist in the evaluation of information found on the Internet?

A)PERT
B)ELAPSED
C)FINDIT
D)PLEASED

Question 25

Little-Stoetzel and Fane (2012)identified a decision-making process which is comprised of five specific steps.Which of the following are some of these steps? Select all that apply.

A)identify the need for a decision
B)determine the goal or outcome
C)identify alternative repercussions of said actions and make choices based on these possible problems that may arise
D)decide which action to implement
E)test the action or decision
F)evalute the decision

Question 26

Which is not correct regarding the Quality Data Model (QDM)?

A)pertains to quality service delivery and access to care
B)pertains to electronic health record utilization
C)enhances more standardized, less burdensome quality measurement and reporting
D)is an information model

Question 27

Nurse T is about to do a search for evidence-based practice information on chest pain for a project at work.Which of the following is not correct regarding how she can search the evidence for information on this problem?

A)must have a clear clinical question from a patient's problem
B)search for best available evidence relevant to the intervention at hand
C)evaluate the evidence for validity and usefulness before implementing into clinical practice
D)requires some skill on the Internet, but not necessarily being information literate

Question 28

Your manager has asked to do some research on evidence-based best practices for pediatric nursing specific to leukemia that may be incorporated into guidelines for your pediatric oncology unit.Using the P-F-A Internet search technique,which of the following is not one of the questions/search guidelines you might use pertaining to the focus aspect of this Internet search?

A)narrow and technical with research orientation
B)are you preparing information to give to patients or families?
C)lay-oriented or professionally orientated?
D)broad and general (basic information for yourself)?