Deck 15: “What Is Freedom?”: Reconstruction,1865-1877

Question 1

How did the Civil War affect planter families?

A) For the first time, some of them had to do physical labor.
B) They lost their slaves but were otherwise unaffected.
C) Few lost loved ones because they were able to avoid military service.
D) They endured immediate problems, but their economic revival was quick.
E) Since they defined freedom broadly, they got along well with their ex-slaves.

Answer 1

For the first time, some of them had to do physical labor.

Question 2

What did the ex-slaves see as key to improving their condition?

A) Getting a steady job.
B) Receiving help from white northerners.
C) Getting an education.
D) Leasing land.
E) Receiving free land.

Answer 2

Receiving free land.

Question 3

White farmers in the late nineteenth-century South:

A) by and large owned their own land.
B) included many sharecroppers involved in the crop-lien system.
C) refused to grow cotton because it had been a "slave crop."
D) were all enormously prosperous following the end of the Civil War.
E) saw their debts decrease as crop prices went up from 1870 to 1900.

Answer 3

included many sharecroppers involved in the crop-lien system.

Question 4

How did emancipation affect the structure of the black family?

A) Men and women maintained equality within the household, making black families far more matrilineal than white families.
B) Men often remained at home while women went out and labored-a major shift from their roles while in slavery.
C) Black women adopted the domestic roles that white women had long had, but retained their duties in the fields and in the workplace.
D) The black family became more like the typical white family, with men as the breadwinners and women as the homemakers.
E) Emancipation did not lead to any changes in the black family's structure

Question 5

For most former slaves,freedom first and foremost meant:

A) railroading building.
B) jobs.
C) land ownership.
D) voting.
E) jury duty.

Question 6

During Reconstruction,southern cities:

A) enjoyed newfound prosperity as merchants traded more frequently with the North.
B) were as poverty-stricken as rural southern areas.
C) benefited from the building of a transcontinental railroad from Washington, D.C., to Los Angeles.
D) benefited as rice and tobacco production markedly grew.
E) experienced major population losses as blacks trekked north in the Great Migration.

Question 7

Sharecropping:

A) meant that African-Americans were paid their share daily for doing specific tasks.
B) was a compromise between African-Americans' desire for discipline and planters' desire to learn to do physical labor.
C) was most popular in the old rice-plantation areas of South Carolina and Georgia.
D) became more popular because of rising farm prices that brought increased prosperity.
E) was preferred by African-Americans to gang labor (because they were less subject to supervision).

Question 8

General William T.Sherman's Special Field Order 15:

A) gave freed slaves the right to find family members who had been sold.
B) set aside the Sea Islands and forty-acre tracts of land in South Carolina and Georgia for black families.
C) gave forty acres and a mule to blacks who wished to move to the unsettled American Southwest.
D) gave his men instructions to burn their way through the southern interior to the Atlantic coast.
E) established the Freedmen's Bureau to help blacks make the transition from slavery to freedom.

Question 9

What did Andrew Johnson do with the land of plantation owners seized during the Civil War?

A) He ordered it dispersed among the ex-slaves.
B) He returned it to the original owners.
C) The federal government retained control of most of the land.
D) He suggested that communes be started so that all southerners had access to the land.
E) The first national parks were established on the seized property.

Question 10

The crop-lien system:

A) applied only to African-American farmers.
B) became better as farm prices increased in the 1870s.
C) enabled yeoman farmers to continue to function under the same system as before the Civil War.
D) annoyed bankers and merchants who resented how it made them dependent on farmers.
E) kept many sharecroppers in a state of constant debt and poverty.

Question 11

Howard University is well known as:

A) the first medical school to admit women.
B) the first black university in Mississippi.
C) the oldest university in New England.
D) a black university in Washington, D.C.
E) the law school where Abraham Lincoln earned his degree.

Question 12

Anything less than ________ would betray the Civil War's meaning,black spokesmen insisted.

A) new southern railroads
B) full citizenship
C) woman suffrage
D) farming jobs
E) due process

Question 13

Which denominations had the largest followings among blacks after the Civil War?

A) Anglican and Catholic.
B) Congregational and Presbyterian.
C) Methodist and Baptist.
D) Lutheran and Methodist.
E) Episcopal and Baptist.

Question 14

After the Civil War,many ex-slaves traveled throughout the South.What was the reality for these ex-slaves?

A) Many took up crime because of a lack of jobs.
B) Some of the drifters organized into terrorists, seeking revenge against their former slave-owners.
C) Many freed blacks drifted aimlessly through the South.
D) Large revivals of African-Americans, who had recently converted to Christianity, took place in the countryside.
E) Many slaves were moving around in search of family members who had been sold.

Question 15

What was the northern vision for the Reconstruction-era southern economy?

A) Emancipated African-Americans would have the same opportunities for advancement as northern whites.
B) Reduce northern investments in the South.
C) Abolish the Freedmen's Bureau.
D) Use sharecropping as the labor system would.
E) Make the South's economy surpass the North's.

Question 16

How did Frederick Douglass see the post-Civil War South?

A) He was satisfied that slavery had ended and was ready to take a break.
B) He worked tirelessly to prevent slavery from being reinstituted.
C) He encouraged African-Americans to leave the South and go to Canada.
D) He saw the government land policies as sufficient.
E) Douglass wanted to ensure that the ideals of the Declaration of Independence became a reality for black men, too.

Question 17

During Reconstruction,the role of the church in the black community:

A) declined because ex-slaves realized they owed their freedom to fellow human beings, not to God.
B) changed as African-Americans joined white churches rather than worshipping separately.
C) declined as other black-run institutions became more central in African-American life.
D) was central, as African-Americans formed their own churches.
E) became less important, as northern white churches moved into the South and took in most blacks.

Question 18

The Freedmen's Bureau:

A) was badly administered because director O. O. Howard lacked military experience.
B) won much southern white support because it consistently supported the planters in disputes with former slaves.
C) made notable achievements in improving African-American education and health care.
D) carried out a successful program of distributing land to every former slave family.
E) enjoyed the strong support of President Andrew Johnson in its work on behalf of civil rights.

Question 19

How did Reconstruction leave an enduring legacy?

A) In the twentieth century, former slaves became the majority owners of big plantations.
B) As time moved into the twentieth century, a higher percentage of African-Americans voted than whites.
C) By 1900 in the South, whites focused on creating harmony between the races.
D) The nation's first African-American colleges were established.
E) Within fifty years of Reconstruction, a majority of African-American families owned land.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the black response to the ending of the Civil War and the coming of freedom?

A) Sensing the continued hatred of whites toward them, most blacks wished to move back to Africa.
B) Most blacks stayed with their old masters because they were not familiar with any other opportunities.
C) Blacks adopted different ways of testing their freedom, including moving about, seeking kin, and rejecting older forms of deferential behavior.
D) Desiring better wages, most blacks moved to the northern cities to seek factory work.
E) Most blacks were content working for wages and not owning their own land because they believed that they had not earned the right to just be given land from the government.

Question 21

The southern Black Codes:

A) allowed the arrest on vagrancy charges of former slaves who failed to sign yearly labor contracts.
B) allowed former slaves to testify in court against whites and to serve on juries.
C) were some of the first laws adopted as part of Radical Reconstruction in 1867.
D) were denounced by President Johnson and declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court.
E) pleased northerners because they saw that the rule of law was returning to the South.

Question 22

In March 1867,Congress began Radical Reconstruction by adopting the ________,which created new state governments and provided for black male suffrage in the South.

A) Fourteenth Amendment
B) Fifteenth Amendment
C) Civil Rights Act of 1867
D) Sumner-Stevens Act
E) Reconstruction Act

Question 23

When Congress sent Andrew Johnson the Civil Rights Bill of 1866,he:

A) signed it, creating an irreparable breach between himself and the Republicans.
B) argued that it discriminated against whites.
C) contended that it gave too much authority to the states.
D) won widespread public approval for his response.
E) suggested that it did not go far enough to secure racial equality.

Question 24

In what way was Reconstruction policy a success?

A) It brought suffrage for women.
B) It resulted in land being given to former slaves across the South.
C) It resulted in fair elections by the late 1870s in the South.
D) It established an amendment promising equal protection for all.
E) It industrialized the South on the same level as the North.

Question 25

With the end of slavery in the British Caribbean,more than 100,000 laborers came from where to fill the labor shortage?

A) South Carolina.
B) Canada.
C) Mexico.
D) Australia.
E) India.

Question 26

Why specifically did Andrew Johnson's Reconstruction plan fail?

A) The South remained poor.
B) Black southerners were apathetic to equal rights.
C) Prominent ex-Confederates and pre-Civil War elite came into power.
D) Blacks refused to work with white politicians in the South.
E) From the beginning, no northerners supported his plan.

Question 27

According to the petition from the freedmen to President Andrew Johnson,how was the planter class endangering freedom?

A) They tried to ban African-Americans from voting.
B) They tried to limit economic opportunity.
C) They tried to curb African-American migrations.
D) They wanted to prevent African-American marriages.
E) They hoped to jail African-American leaders.

Question 28

What did Andrew Johnson focus on with his Reconstruction plan?

A) Presidential pardons.
B) Building railroads in the South.
C) The individual rights of African Americans.
D) Creating a biracial government.
E) Limiting immigration.

Question 29

What did the freedmen request in their "Petition of Committee on Behalf of the Freedmen to Andrew Johnson" in 1865?

A) The right to purchase a homestead.
B) An opportunity to attend a black college.
C) The purchase of some mules.
D) Help reuniting their family that had been sold.
E) The right to vote.

Question 30

When assessing the impeachment of Andrew Johnson,what can be determined about this issue?

A) Both Congress and the president accused the other of unconstitutional acts.
B) Johnson was willing to compromise, but Congress was unwilling to listen.
C) The moderate Republicans hoped in general terms to weaken the office of president.
D) Johnson had little support from white southerners.
E) Johnson survived being removed from office due to overwhelming support from his cabinet.

Question 31

What early 1868 action by Andrew Johnson sparked his impeachment by the U.S.House of Representatives?

A) He fired Secretary of State William Seward, an ally of Radical Republicans.
B) He vetoed a bill to extend the life of the Freedmen's Bureau.
C) He bribed a Republican senator to support his Reconstruction policies.
D) He defiantly released a letter showing he had given support to the Confederacy in 1863.
E) He allegedly violated the Tenure of Office Act.

Question 32

Radical Republicans:

A) tended to come from the border states that had seen most of the vicious fighting during the Civil War.
B) wanted legitimate democracy in the South, with power to be shared by planters and freed slaves.
C) fought Andrew Johnson from the day he entered the White House.
D) fully embraced the expanded powers of the federal government born during the Civil War.
E) agreed on the need to end slavery but disagreed with one another over whether the freed slaves were entitled to civil rights.

Question 33

What was ironic about the election of Andrew Johnson?

A) A slaveholder had become president.
B) A man from a state that had seceded was now president.
C) An illiterate man was president.
D) A Ku Klux Klan leader ascended to the presidency.
E) Abraham Lincoln now regretted choosing Andrew Johnson as his vice president.

Question 34

What benefit did Abraham Lincoln see in having Andrew Johnson on his ticket?

A) He was an inspiration to working-class people in poverty.
B) As a former slaveholder, he demonstrated that one could live without slaves.
C) He was one of many southern senators from a state that seceded who refused to leave the U.S. Senate.
D) Lincoln's party hoped to build a Republican base in the South.
E) Tennessee was Lincoln's favorite southern state, since he was born there.

Question 35

The Civil Rights Bill of 1866:

A) was proposed by border-state Democrats.
B) provided African-Americans with the right to vote.
C) defined the rights of American citizens without regard to race.
D) allowed states to determine essential citizenship standards.
E) won the support of President Andrew Johnson.

Question 36

The Fourteenth Amendment:

A) passed despite the opposition of Charles Sumner.
B) specifically defined suffrage as one of the civil rights to which freedpeople were entitled.
C) represented a compromise between the moderate and conservative positions on race.
D) marked the most important change in the U.S. Constitution since the Bill of Rights.
E) placed into the U.S. Constitution an essential holding of the Dred Scott decision.

Question 37

The most ambitious,but least successful,of the Radical Republicans' aims was:

A) land reform.
B) black suffrage.
C) federal protection of civil rights.
D) public education.
E) reunification of the Union.

Question 38

How can Andrew Johnson be compared to Abraham Lincoln?

A) Both men faced impeachment charges.
B) The Republicans trusted Lincoln less than they did Johnson.
C) Both men were excellent farmers.
D) Lincoln reached out to the South while Johnson emphasized punishing it.
E) When making decisions, Johnson was more stubborn and less willing to compromise than Lincoln.

Question 39

Andrew Johnson:

A) simply continued Lincoln's Reconstruction policies.
B) agreed with Lincoln that some African-Americans should be allowed suffrage rights.
C) won the Democratic presidential nomination in 1868 but narrowly lost the election.
D) lacked Lincoln's political skills and keen sense of public opinion.
E) displayed a great ability to compromise, very much like Lincoln.

Question 40

Through analyzing the "Sharecropping Contract," what can be determined?

A) The ex-slave was given an agreement that mutually benefited both parties.
B) Ex-slaves were not going to be allowed to go to church.
C) The ex-slaves were lazy and unwilling to do farm work.
D) The contract was a type of economic slavery.
E) This farming system gave African-Americans a good standard of living.

Question 41

After the Civil War,which territory became the first to allow women to vote?

A) Washington.
B) Nebraska.
C) Colorado.
D) Utah.
E) Wyoming.

Question 42

Black officeholders during Reconstruction:

A) were extremely rare.
B) were entirely carpetbaggers and scalawags.
C) helped ensure a degree of fairness in treatment of African-American citizens.
D) were limited to local offices.
E) demonstrated that whites had lost all of their political power in the South.

Question 43

For the 1868 Democratic presidential ticket,Horatio Seymour and Francis Blair Jr.had a campaign motto of:

A) Liberty, Equality, and the Southern Way.
B) Forgive and Heal. White and Black Men Should Work Together.
C) Civil Rights for All.
D) This Is a White Man's Country. Let White Men Rule.
E) I "See More" Peace and Prosperity Ahead with Real Reconstruction.

Question 44

"Waving the bloody shirt" referred to:

A) a powerful symbol of Ku Klux Klan violence against African-Americans.
B) a Democratic campaign prop that reminded voters that Republicans had been responsible for the Civil War.
C) a Republican attempt to associate Democrats with secession and treason.
D) a sign of surrender that southern whites used to signify their loss of power.
E) Andrew Johnson's use of Abraham Lincoln's death for political purposes.

Question 45

Why did Mark Twain call Anson Burlingame "a citizen of the world"?

A) Burlingame had dual citizenship.
B) Burlingame organized a trade conference.
C) Burlingame promoted Asian arts and the culture of the Pacific Ocean.
D) Burlingame turned his back on his U.S. citizenship.
E) Burlingame looked beyond a narrow view of citizenship.

Question 46

How did the Reconstruction amendments change the role of government?

A) The presidents who immediately followed Lincoln became even more powerful and active than he had been during the Civil War.
B) The state governments became the only entity that could award citizenship.
C) It set the stage for the federal government to be the protector of individual freedoms.
D) The Supreme Court's role would be diminished.
E) The states gained protection from an overbearing national government.

Question 47

With the beginning of Radical Reconstruction,southern African-Americans in the late 1860s and early 1870s took direct action to remedy long-standing grievances.These actions included:

A) sit-ins that helped to integrate horse-drawn streetcars in southern cities.
B) protest marches that desegregated public school systems in all the Upper South states.
C) violent attacks to intimidate Democratic voters from participating in politics.
D) the creation for the first time of all-black churches.
E) a series of lawsuits that resulted in the U.S. Supreme Court's declaring segregation unconstitutional.

Question 48

The Fifteenth Amendment:

A) sought to guarantee that one could not be denied suffrage rights based on race.
B) made states responsible for determining all voter qualifications.
C) granted women the right to vote in federal but not state elections.
D) was endorsed by President Andrew Johnson.
E) was drafted by Susan B. Anthony.

Question 49

Why was Andrew Johnson acquitted on charges of impeachment?

A) Johnson's lawyers assured moderate Republicans that he would behave for the rest of his term, so several voted to acquit him.
B) No one would testify against him.
C) Leading Radical Republican Benjamin Wade brilliantly managed the president's defense.
D) Ulysses Grant urged Republicans to acquit Johnson because convicting him might hurt Grant's chances in the presidential election.
E) Many feared a constitutional crisis because, without a vice president in office, no one knew who would succeed Johnson as president.

Question 50

Who referred to the amendments of Reconstruction as a "great Constitutional revolution"?

A) Abraham Lincoln.
B) Anson Burlingame.
C) Mark Twain.
D) Carl Schurz.
E) Charles Sumner.

Question 51

How did The Agitator,a women's rights journal,go beyond suffrage?

A) It advocated the abolishment of slavery.
B) It pushed for citizenship for Chinese men.
C) It focused on liberalizing divorce laws.
D) It openly discussed employment discrimination.
E) It encouraged women to remain single so that they maintained more rights.

Question 52

The Reconstruction amendments toppled the ideals of what Supreme Court decision?

A) Gibbons v. Ogden.
B) Dred Scott v. Stanford.
C) Fletcher v. Peck.
D) Marbury v. Madison.
E) McCulloch v. Maryland.

Question 53

Hiram Revels and Blanche Bruce were the first two black:

A) members of the U.S. House of Representatives.
B) governors.
C) mayors of southern towns.
D) U.S. senators.
E) federal judges.

Question 54

Most of those termed "scalawags" during Reconstruction had been:

A) owners of large southern plantations before the Civil War.
B) non-slaveholding white farmers from the southern upcountry prior to the Civil War.
C) enslaved African-Americans before emancipation.
D) Union soldiers during the war, but then they decided to stay in the South.
E) Confederate officers and Confederate government officials during the Civil War.

Question 55

If a man from Maine came to live in the South as a teacher,what would he most likely be labeled as?

A) A scalawag.
B) A teacher.
C) A Liberal Republican.
D) A carpetbagger.
E) An angel of mercy.

Question 56

Despite the Fourteenth Amendment,which group was still being denied United States citizenship?

A) Asians.
B) Africans.
C) African-Americans.
D) Russian Jews.
E) Irish Catholics.

Question 57

What made the Burlingame Treaty unique?

A) It was actually a declaration of war against China.
B) It recognized the sovereignty of China.
C) It declared all of East Asia's ports to be America's sphere of influence.
D) It gave Great Britain Hong Kong.
E) It ended the Opium Wars.

Question 58

During Reconstruction,those like Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucy Stone who supported a woman's right to vote:

A) all endorsed the Fifteenth Amendment even though it did not guarantee female suffrage.
B) all opposed the Fifteenth Amendment because it did not guarantee female suffrage.
C) found themselves divided over whether or not to support the Fifteenth Amendment.
D) strongly supported the Fifteenth Amendment because it did guarantee female suffrage.
E) refused to take a position on the Fifteenth Amendment because it did not define citizenship.

Question 59

The U.S.Supreme Court's decision in the 1873 case in which Myra Bradwell challenged an Illinois statute excluding women from practicing law:

A) was the first time the Court interpreted the Fourteenth Amendment as establishing gender equality.
B) was a severe blow to the idea of "separate spheres" for men and women.
C) resulted the following year in congressional passage of the groundbreaking Legal Practice Act.
D) demonstrated that, while racial definitions of freedom were changing, gendered ones still existed.
E) was praised by Bradwell, who went on to become the first woman on the Illinois Supreme Court.

Question 60

The idea that change comes slowly can be evidenced by what event during Reconstruction?

A) After the Civil War, most slaves had to wait a long time to escape their masters.
B) Women were excluded from the suffrage amendment.
C) African-Americans were denied membership in churches.
D) African-Americans did not get elected to political offices.
E) African-Americans had no interest in having their own businesses.

Question 61

Match the person or term with the with the correct description.
Rutherford B.Hayes

A)second black U.S.senator
B)proposed the Civil Rights Bill of 1866
C)Presidential Reconstruction
D)Liberal Republican's presidential candidate
E)envoy to China
F)Radical Republican congressman from Pennsylvania
G)Whiskey Ring
H)ended Reconstruction
I)National Woman Suffrage Association
J)Radical Republican senator from Massachusetts
K)first black U.S.senator
L)secretary of war

Question 62

Match the person or term with the with the correct description.
Charles Sumner

A)second black U.S.senator
B)proposed the Civil Rights Bill of 1866
C)Presidential Reconstruction
D)Liberal Republican's presidential candidate
E)envoy to China
F)Radical Republican congressman from Pennsylvania
G)Whiskey Ring
H)ended Reconstruction
I)National Woman Suffrage Association
J)Radical Republican senator from Massachusetts
K)first black U.S.senator
L)secretary of war

Question 63

Match the person or term with the with the correct description.
Thaddeus Stevens

A)second black U.S.senator
B)proposed the Civil Rights Bill of 1866
C)Presidential Reconstruction
D)Liberal Republican's presidential candidate
E)envoy to China
F)Radical Republican congressman from Pennsylvania
G)Whiskey Ring
H)ended Reconstruction
I)National Woman Suffrage Association
J)Radical Republican senator from Massachusetts
K)first black U.S.senator
L)secretary of war

Question 64

Match the person or term with the with the correct description.
Andrew Johnson

A)second black U.S.senator
B)proposed the Civil Rights Bill of 1866
C)Presidential Reconstruction
D)Liberal Republican's presidential candidate
E)envoy to China
F)Radical Republican congressman from Pennsylvania
G)Whiskey Ring
H)ended Reconstruction
I)National Woman Suffrage Association
J)Radical Republican senator from Massachusetts
K)first black U.S.senator
L)secretary of war

Question 65

Southern Republicans during Reconstruction:

A) excluded former Confederates from their ranks.
B) established the South's first state-supported schools.
C) redistributed most former plantation lands to freedmen and poor whites.
D) helped elect African-American governors in four states.
E) ran the most corrupt governments in American history.

Question 66

The Whiskey Ring scandal took place during the administration of:

A) Abraham Lincoln.
B) Andrew Johnson.
C) Ulysses Grant.
D) Rutherford Hayes.
E) Chester Arthur.

Question 67

Match the person or term with the with the correct description.
Edwin Stanton

A)second black U.S.senator
B)proposed the Civil Rights Bill of 1866
C)Presidential Reconstruction
D)Liberal Republican's presidential candidate
E)envoy to China
F)Radical Republican congressman from Pennsylvania
G)Whiskey Ring
H)ended Reconstruction
I)National Woman Suffrage Association
J)Radical Republican senator from Massachusetts
K)first black U.S.senator
L)secretary of war

Question 68

The U.S.Supreme Court ruled in the Slaughterhouse Cases that:

A) most rights of citizens were under the control of state governments rather than the federal government.
B) states could not interfere with vigorous federal enforcement of a broad array of civil rights guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment.
C) the federal government had sole authority under the Commerce Clause to regulate the meatpacking industry.
D) voting rights of African-Americans under the Fifteenth Amendment could not be abridged or denied by any state.
E) Reconstruction had progressed too far and was now officially ended.

Question 69

The Enforcement Acts,passed by Congress in 1870 and 1871,were designed to:

A) end Reconstruction by allowing state governments to oversee citizenship rights.
B) stop the activities of terrorist groups such as the Ku Klux Klan.
C) enforce the Emancipation Proclamation in the Confederate states.
D) increase the authority of the Freedmen's Bureau.
E) eliminate racial discrimination in public spaces such as hotels and theaters.

Question 70

Match the person or term with the with the correct description.
Elizabeth Cady Stanton

A)second black U.S.senator
B)proposed the Civil Rights Bill of 1866
C)Presidential Reconstruction
D)Liberal Republican's presidential candidate
E)envoy to China
F)Radical Republican congressman from Pennsylvania
G)Whiskey Ring
H)ended Reconstruction
I)National Woman Suffrage Association
J)Radical Republican senator from Massachusetts
K)first black U.S.senator
L)secretary of war

Question 71

The bloodiest act of violence during Reconstruction took place in ________ in 1873,where armed whites killed hundreds of former slaves,including fifty militia members who had surrendered.

A) York County, South Carolina,
B) Marietta, Georgia,
C) Lynchburg, Virginia,
D) Colfax, Louisiana,
E) Guilford County, North Carolina,

Question 72

The election of 1876:

A) was won by Rutherford B. Hayes by a landslide.
B) was finally decided by the Supreme Court.
C) marked the final stage of Reconstruction, which ended in 1880.
D) was tainted by claims of fraud in Florida, South Carolina, and Louisiana.
E) was won by Ulysses S. Grant by a narrow count.

Question 73

By examining Reconstruction from 1863 to 1877,what conclusion can be drawn?

A) It remade the South economically.
B) Equal rights for African-Americans continued to increase after 1877.
C) With three different government plans, it was one of the most complex time periods in American history.
D) It was a total failure and left no blueprint for the future.
E) The United States had become a declining world power in regard to trade.

Question 74

The Bargain of 1877:

A) allowed Samuel Tilden to become president.
B) led to the appointment of a southerner as postmaster general.
C) marked a compromise between Radical and Liberal Republicans.
D) called for the passage of the Fifteenth Amendment.
E) was made by Grant to prevent his impeachment over the Whiskey Ring.

Question 75

In the 1870s,who claimed to have saved the white South from the corruption of northern and black officials?

A) Republicans.
B) Carpetbaggers.
C) Redeemers.
D) Scalawags.
E) Ulysses Grant.

Question 76

The civil rights era of the 1950s and 1960s is sometimes called the:

A) Equality Era.
B) Gilded Age.
C) Socialist Era.
D) Information Age.
E) Second Reconstruction.

Question 77

The Liberal Republican movement in 1872:

A) sought stronger action to assure the political and social rights of African-Americans in the South.
B) was led by President Grant as a way of countering a Democratic resurgence in the southern states.
C) was successful in electing Rutherford B. Hayes president of the United States that year.
D) initially had little to do with Reconstruction but encouraged opposition to Grant's policies in the South.
E) drew most of its strength from southern black leaders such as James S. Pike and Albion Tourgée.

Question 78

When analyzing the election of 1876,what conclusion can be drawn?

A) Rutherford Hayes did poorly in the western states.
B) The Republican Party did a good job protecting the voting rights of African-Americans in Mississippi.
C) A majority of northerners wanted to enforce Reconstruction policies more stringently.
D) The Republican Party had increased its support in the South.
E) If Tilden had won the electoral votes from Louisiana, Florida, or South Carolina, he would have been elected president.

Question 79

The Prostrate State depicts:

A) an ailing slave who is unable to live long enough to see emancipation.
B) South Carolina under allegedly corrupt Negro rule during Reconstruction.
C) an economically weak South unable to contribute to the national economy.
D) a terrorized black community during the reign of the Ku Klux Klan.
E) an apathetic Congress that has given up on Reconstruction after 1870.

Question 80

Match the person or term with the with the correct description.
Lyman Trumbull

A)second black U.S.senator
B)proposed the Civil Rights Bill of 1866
C)Presidential Reconstruction
D)Liberal Republican's presidential candidate
E)envoy to China
F)Radical Republican congressman from Pennsylvania
G)Whiskey Ring
H)ended Reconstruction
I)National Woman Suffrage Association
J)Radical Republican senator from Massachusetts
K)first black U.S.senator
L)secretary of war