Deck 22: Older Adults

Question 1

When describing the changes occurring in the older adult population globally, which would be most accurate?

A) The over 85-year age group is the fastest growing segment of the group.
B) Males have a longer projected life expectancy when compared with females.
C) Most countries have adequate numbers of social programs for older adults.
D) Adults over age 65 are expected to account for about 25% of the population by 2050.

Answer 1

The over 85-year age group is the fastest growing segment of the group.

Question 2

While working with another group of community health nurses, a nurse overhears one of the nurses saying, "That older man should just retire. He's 70 years old. How productive can he be?" The nurse interprets this statement as reflecting:

A) prejudice.
B) bias.
C) ageism.
D) insight.

Answer 2

ageism.

Question 3

Which are characteristics of healthy older adults? Select all that apply.

A) They are able to perform functional activities of daily living.
B) They are able to adapt, to continue to handle stress, and to be active in life and living.
C) They maintain the maximum degree of physical, mental, and social vigor.
D) They are likely to be dependent on others.
E) They reside in institutions.

Answer 3

They are able to perform functional activities of daily living.
They are able to adapt, to continue to handle stress, and to be active in life and living.
They maintain the maximum degree of physical, mental, and social vigor.

Question 4

The nurse educator is aware that the nursing student has a grasp of the primary prevention needs of older adults when the nursing student makes which comment?

A) It is unnecessary for older adults to receive immunizations.
B) All older adults must restrict their sodium intake.
C) Older adults don't need to drink as much fluid as they are often less thirsty.
D) The oral health of older adults is often neglected and so it is important that they see a dentist regularly.

Question 5

When visiting a local senior center, a community health nurse engages several of the older adults in a discussion about immunizations. Which statement best reflects the importance of older adult immunization?

A) "We're at greater risk of dying from the flu or pneumonia."
B) "You don't get the flu from the flu shot."
C) "The doctor told us that we should get it."
D) "Many of us get the shot here at the center for free."

Question 6

A community health nurse is teaching a group of older adults at a senior center about strategies to prevent Alzheimer's disease. Which information would the nurse include?

A) "Limit drinking alcohol to once or twice a month."
B) "Avoid eating too many fruits and vegetables."
C) "Keep in touch with friends and family."
D) "Get up early in the morning."

Question 7

An older adult interested in nutrition asks the community health nurse about the number of calories that he or she should eat every day. Which range of calories would be most appropriate?

A) 800 to 1,200 calories
B) 1,200 to 1,600 calories
C) 1,600 to 2,000 calories
D) 2,000 to 2,400 calories

Question 8

An older adult presents to the community health center for a checkup and reports constipation. Which suggestion would be most appropriate?

A) Use a laxative about once or twice a week.
B) Increase your intake of fresh fruits and vegetables.
C) Drink about four 8-oz glasses of fluid each day.
D) Walk around the block once a week.

Question 9

A community health nurse meets with a group of adults at the local senior center. They range in age from 50 to 75 years. The nurse would recommend colonoscopy screening at which frequency?

A) Every year
B) Every 2 years
C) Every 5 years
D) Every 10 years

Question 10

A community health nurse is assessing an older adult's ability to perform activities such as shopping, doing the laundry, using the telephone, and handling finances. Which assessment tool would be most appropriate for the nurse to use?

A) Barthel Index
B) Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale
C) Katz Index of Activities of Daily Living
D) Modified Rankin Scale

Question 11

A community health nurse is preparing a teaching program that addresses chronic diseases common among older adults. Which information would be most appropriate for the nurse to incorporate into the program?

A) Forty percent of older adults are diagnosed with diabetes.
B) Weight-bearing exercises are related to increased cases of osteoporosis.
C) Hypotension can be related to falls in older adults.
D) Older White men have the highest rates of hypertension.

Question 12

After teaching a group of older adult women about preventing osteoporosis, which, if stated by the group, indicates the need for additional teaching?

A) "We should eat foods that are high in calcium and vitamin D."
B) "We need to get bone density screenings regularly."
C) "We should avoid activities that involve weight bearing."
D) "We need to make sure to maintain a healthy weight."

Question 13

After teaching a group of students about the most common health problems affecting older adults in the community, which, if identified by the students, would alert the instructor to the need for additional teaching?

A) Arthritis
B) Hypertension
C) Emphysema
D) Peripheral vascular disease

Question 14

When describing elder abuse to the families of older adults who are attending a local community presentation, which would the community health nurse identify most commonly as the perpetrator?

A) Elder's adult child
B) Elder's partner
C) Elder's neighbor
D) Elder's grandchild

Question 15

Which statement about elder abuse is most accurate?

A) Elder abuse is a problem that is underrecognized and underreported.
B) It is more common for older men to be abused rather than older women.
C) If there is long-term domestic violence in an older adult couple, it is not considered elder abuse for the perpetrator to continue to abuse the victim.
D) Self-neglect is not considered to be a form of mistreatment.

Question 16

A nurse is reviewing services offered for those over the age of 65 at the clinic. When developing an evaluation tool, which criteria are included to evaluate the effectiveness of the older adult programs? Select all that apply.

A) Coordination
B) Accessibility
C) Comprehensive
D) Complex
E) Quality

Question 17

Which are included in a comprehensive set of services? Select all that apply.

A) Adequate financial support
B) Health education
C) Encouragement to spend much time alone
D) Adult day care programs
E) Access to high-quality health care services
F) In-home services

Question 18

A community health nurse is making a home visit to a family who is providing care to an older adult member with Alzheimer's disease for the past 6 months. During the visit, which would be most important for the nurse to assess?

A) Cognitive status
B) Medication regimen
C) Personality changes
D) Caregiver's status

Question 19

A group of community health nurses who work in continuing care retirement centers are asked to talk to a group of seniors about what they do. Which would the nurses highlight as unique for this setting?

A) Accept clients who primarily need skilled nursing services
B) Are similar to board and care homes
C) Are respite centers for family members of older adults
D) Provide a variety of housing and care options that older adults need as they age

Question 20

Which care option would be most appropriate for an older adult who experiences confusion, requires daily insulin injections and blood glucose monitoring, and needs assistance with bathing, dressing, and feeding?

A) Personal care home
B) Respite care
C) Intermediate care facility
D) Skilled nursing facility

Question 21

Which statement is most accurate when differentiating hospice from palliative care?

A) Both palliative care and hospice focus on cure; however, hospice focuses on terminal illnesses, and palliative care focuses on diseases that are more chronic in nature.
B) Palliative care consists of comfort and symptom management and is often a part of hospice care.
C) Hospice is more of a specific place than a concept of care, whereas palliative care is more of a concept of care.
D) Hospice is intended for people who have a projected life expectancy of 6 months or more, and palliative care is intended for people who are actively dying.

Question 22

When working with the older adult population in the community, which action would be most important for the community health nurse to take?

A) Develop case management programs to channel clients to appropriate services.
B) Place the older adult in skilled nursing facilities for the best care available.
C) Raise funds to support the needs of the older adults in the community.
D) Emphasize tertiary prevention at this stage in the lives of the older adult.

Question 23

The community health nurse is leading a support group for older women caring for an aging spouse. Which level of prevention would the nurse be implementing?

A) Primary
B) Secondary
C) Tertiary
D) Health promotion

Question 24

The community health nurse is offering free osteoporosis screenings for seniors living in a retirement village. Which level of prevention would the nurse be implementing?

A) Primary
B) Secondary
C) Tertiary
D) Health promotion

Question 25

The community health nurse is providing an information session on living wills for community members nearing retirement. Which level of prevention would the nurse be implementing?

A) Primary
B) Secondary
C) Tertiary
D) Secondary and tertiary

Question 26

The community health nurse is teaching a group for older adults with arthritis how to incorporate adapted exercise into their daily routine. Which level of prevention would the nurse be implementing?

A) Primary
B) Secondary
C) Tertiary
D) Health promotion

Question 27

The community health nurse in conjunction with a local health provider is providing free functional and mental status screenings for residents of a retirement community. Which level of prevention would the nurse be implementing?

A) Primary
B) Secondary
C) Tertiary
D) Health promotion

Question 28

A nurse is teaching a group of older adults how to plan a diet using MyPlate. Which summary statement by the nurse would be most appropriately incorporated into the teaching?

A) Fruits and vegetables should be one half of all meals.
B) Proteins, due to being high in cholesterol, should be reduced to one quarter of every meal.
C) Salts should be avoided as it increases the risk for high blood pressure.
D) Fluids, such as water, should be the main source for everyday health.

Question 29

A community health nurse is conducting a presentation to hospital organizations related to health care spending. Which statement by the nurse best summarizes the share of total health spending by age group?

A) Those 65 years and older account for the largest health spending.
B) Those under 19 years of age consume the greatest amount of health.
C) There are no differences among the age groups in health spending.
D) The age group of 19 to 34 years are the largest age group but spend the least amount on health.

Question 30

A community health nurse is reviewing the medications of a homebound client who is 71 years old and diagnosed with heart failure and COPD. The client states that the client takes the medications daily. When the nurse asks about each medication individually, the client cannot recall what it is used for and how many times a day to take it. What does the nurse suspect is the cause of the lack of knowledge?

A) The client is experiencing early-onset dementia.
B) The client is confused about different medications.
C) The client is experiencing polypharmacy.
D) The client requires a caregiver to assist with medication adherence.