Deck 13: Policy Making and Advocacy

Question 1

A nursing instructor is teaching a group of nurses the various types of policies. The instructor recognizes that the class understands the information when they identify which result as an example of a regulatory health policy?

A) Licensure of health professionals
B) Federal subsidies for nursing education
C) Benefits for needy groups
D) Allocating resources among groups

Answer 1

Licensure of health professionals

Question 2

A group of students are discussing the various types of policies and what they accomplish after a nurse has presented the information in an educational session. At the end of the discussion, the students will identify which outcome as the result of a distributive health policy?

A) Reporting of communicable disease
B) Federal funds for nursing education
C) Medicare
D) Arms control agreement

Answer 2

Federal funds for nursing education

Question 3

A nursing instructor has encouraged nursing students to research and formulate a health care policy to address a specific need that they feel will be beneficial and determine whom to contact to discuss the suggested policy with. Which group best understands the process?

A) Encourage rezoning to allow a farmer's market in a food desert with the city council.
B) Request a federal mandate to limit hunting to 18 years and older to prevent accidental shootings.
C) Approach several state legislators with proposed changes to Medicare to consider.
D) Petition their congressional senators to pass a bill allowing individuals to have a garden.

Answer 3

Encourage rezoning to allow a farmer's market in a food desert with the city council.

Question 4

The public health nurse is aware that writing and implementing policies is a complex process. Before implementing a new federal policy, what should the nurse do first?

A) Check for any modifications at the state or local level.
B) Hold an in-service for staff to educate on the changes.
C) Ensure all office resources reflect the changes.
D) Prepare to educate the community about the new changes.

Question 5

An instructor is discussing the basics of policy making with the class. Which statement by the students indicates understanding of what a policy is?

A) It can increase the cost of current options in areas lacking health promotion resources.
B) It can decrease the cost of excessive resources.
C) It can increase the cost of options that currently result in health- damaging situations.
D) It will restrict opportunities for access in certain areas that may lack resources.

Question 6

An instructor is leading a discussion with a group of student nurses about the history of public health nursing. The instructor recognizes that the students understand the material by which statement?

A) It is successful because of efficient social marketing techniques.
B) Its solid foundation is based on social justice.
C) Social disparities are almost eliminated due to public health nursing.
D) The best advocate for any client is public health nursing.

Question 7

A group of student nurses are discussing the various influences that play a part in making health policies. Which factors should the students recognize as being influential in the creation of health policies? Select all that apply.

A) Facts are given the highest priority.
B) Special interest groups, business, and industry try to control the process.
C) Nurses need to provide input to policy circles through advocacy.
D) Nurses need to provide leadership at decision-making tables.
E) There are power struggles behind all legislation and health care regulation.

Question 8

A group of student nurses are preparing a class presentation to discuss how the United States compares to other countries in providing health care to the country's citizens. Which areas of concern will the students include in the discussion? Select all that apply.

A) Burn injuries
B) Suicide
C) Stroke morality
D) Blood pressure control
E) Tuberculosis

Question 9

A group of students are reviewing the history of how medical care has changed and evolved over the years. Some of these changes are related to various social changes and policies that have emphasized improving the situation or environment to improve the health of the community. Which result best relates to a social change leading to a health improvement during the first half of the 20th century?

A) Use of seat belts
B) Increased use of motorcycle helmets
C) Increased use of standard precautions
D) Elimination of child labor

Question 10

A group of student nurses are questioning the benefits of joining a professional nursing organization during a class discussion. Which statements by the instructor will best address their concerns? Select all that apply.

A) They have successfully elevated the nursing professionalism.
B) They have given voice to the inequalities that affect our society.
C) They have developed the paradigms that influence and affect public health.
D) They are regarded as a major player in Washington when discussing health care policy.
E) They have a long and consistent relationship with public policy.

Question 11

A public health nurse is concerned about some specific issues that are occurring in the local community and would like to see positive changes occur to improve the situation. Which is the best way for any nurse to advocate for change and exert power?

A) Pursuing an advanced degree
B) Running for state congressional seat
C) Actively participating in a professional nursing organization
D) Becoming a member of a local not-for-profit agency board of directors

Question 12

A nursing instructor is discussing the importance of each nurse, especially public health nurses to become involved in political activism. Which statement by a nursing student would indicate that the teaching was successful?

A) "Nurses have just now become increasingly active in the political arena."
B) "Nurses are the smallest group of providers with the largest voice."
C) "Nurses are considered major political players in Washington."
D) "The ANA provides nurses with a collective political voice."

Question 13

A group of student nurses are observing a committee discussion on a health care-based policy. As the students watch the process, they recognize that power and empowerment are demonstrated by which actions? Select all that apply.

A) The legislative group is demonstrating their power to act by the authority given to them through the government process.
B) A member of the city council is speaking to the policy makers on behalf of the local community.
C) A community group has requested time to comment on how the proposed policy will affect them.
D) The city recognizes that the legislators will get to do whatever they want to.
E) Some of the individuals in the audience are there because of the encouragement from the PHN to participate in the process.

Question 14

A community health nurse working in the community has developed a great relationship with the clients. This nurse understands that the power and empowerment are best achieved by which concept?

A) Partnership with clients
B) Hierarchical relationship
C) Authority over clients
D) Client autonomy

Question 15

A nursing instructor is discussing potential future changes in health care and encouraging the students to get involved and be a part of the process to influence policy development. Which actions should the instructor emphasize? Select all that apply.

A) Practice to the full extent of education and training.
B) Achieve higher levels of education and training.
C) Act as full partners, with physicians and other health professionals, in redesigning health care in the United States.
D) Improve data collection and an improved information infrastructure to ultimately influence effective workplace planning and policy making.
E) Recognize that many nurses are already involved in the regulatory framework development.

Question 16

A public health nurse has noted a sharp increase in clients from the same area presenting with similar symptoms that appear to be environmentally related. What is the best response from the nurse while utilizing the Kingdon's framework to tackle this issue?

A) Determine if this is the proper time to put time into a policy change to improve the situation.
B) Utilize resources to conduct more in-depth research to properly identify the issue.
C) Identify which level of policy makers to contact to initiate a policy change.
D) Research current local, state, and federal policies to see if the current problem is already covered.

Question 17

A public health nurse has accepted a position in a new public health district clinic in a previously underserved area. Identify the nursing priority.

A) Hire appropriate support staff.
B) Establish a relationship with the community.
C) Identify the issues requiring attention.
D) Establish a relationship with local and state politicians.

Question 18

The public health nurse is preparing a community educational presentation to describe the ACA and its various benefits. Which points will the nurse include in the presentation? Select all that apply.

A) Subsidies are available to assist all families.
B) The plan is to provide health insurance coverage for all U.S. citizens.
C) It increased the coverage available through Health Savings Accounts.
D) It created one central insurance provider to ensure health insurance for everyone.
E) Employers have the option to provide insurance or contribute to the marketplace option.

Question 19

The public health nurse recognizes that the ACA has provided guideline that can have a positive effect on the local community. Which activity mandated by the ACA can the nurse implement to assist the local population?

A) Establish healthy eating programs for families.
B) Expand available services at the local clinic.
C) Provide birthing centers for low-income families.
D) Coordinate with local food banks to establish community gardens.

Question 20

The public health nurse recognizes that communication is an essential element in the policy-making process. The nurse identifies which method as one of the best formats to utilize to communicate with policy makers?

A) Follow the chosen politician on Twitter.
B) Comment on blog entries that endorse the nurse's chosen project.
C) Establish an e-mail contact with a chosen politician.
D) Sign petitions requesting specific health care actions.

Question 21

A foreign nurse has recently started working in the public health department clinic and is surprised to find that there is no program to address a common health problem that is addressed in the nurse's home country. The public health nurse recognizes which areas need more attention to match peer countries?

A) Elderly survival
B) Self-rated health
C) Control of cholesterol levels
D) STIs

Question 22

The community health nurse is a member of a legislative group that is evaluating a suggested new policy. Which factor should the nurse question first concerning this policy?

A) "How much does it cost?"
B) "What is the result?"
C) "Why is it in place?"
D) "Who benefits from it?"

Question 23

A public health nurse is concerned that a recently requested policy change was defeated and would like to get more involved to encourage adoption of the policy. Which factors does the nurse need to consider to be successful? Select all that apply.

A) Always put the client first.
B) Successfully influence the legislators.
C) Contact legislators directly or through professional lobbyist.
D) Do not worry about the political aspect.
E) Always follow the proven rational process.

Question 24

A group of nursing students are discussing the effect of various social policies have had on health care through the years. The instructor recognizes that the students understand the connection between social policies and health care by identifying which action?

A) The increased use of refrigeration to preserve food
B) Implementing Medicare through the Social Security Act
C) The use of subsidies to pay for health insurance
D) The use of health care exchanges to provide affordable insurance

Question 25

A group of public health nurses at a large district clinic are concerned about a health hazard that has resulted in an increase in environmental injuries. The nurses are discussing the various options available to address the situation. Identify the necessary steps if the nurses decide a new policy is the best option. Select all that apply.

A) Develop potential solutions.
B) Contact appropriate resources.
C) Define the issue.
D) Seek endorsements for the suggested policy from administrators.
E) Seek public input.

Question 26

A community health nurse has been working with a local representative in the attempt to implement a new policy that is aimed at improving the health of local farm workers; however, gaining support and passing the policy has been a struggle. What factor should the nurse be most aware of in this situation?

A) Lack of community support
B) Opposition from special interest groups
C) Redundancy of the policy
D) Failure of passage in recent attempts

Question 27

The PHN recognizes that the ACA involves more than just providing health insurance but directly affects public health as well. Which mandate of the ACA should the nurse explore first to discover the priorities established to improve overall health?

A) The National Prevention Council
B) The Office of the Surgeon General
C) The State Public Health Department office
D) The ANA

Question 28

A public health nurse desires to become more involved in the political process to ensure that health care policies are enacted. Which course of action will be best for the nurse to pursue?

A) Become more of an advocate.
B) Attend local ANA meetings.
C) Become a lobbyist.
D) Develop a personal relationship with legislators.

Question 29

A PHN has noticed an inconsistency among immunization compliance across the state and desires to start the process to ensure that all school districts are following the same guidelines. Which approach will be best for the nurse to pursue?

A) Encourage each school district to follow the same guidelines.
B) Meet with the local town/city councils to encourage passage of matching policies.
C) Present a proposed policy to state policy makers to implement.
D) Contact the ANA for assistance to present a proposal in Washington, DC.

Question 30

According to the graphic, which country had the best health outcome for overall health status?

A) The United States
B) Japan
C) Canada
D) Mexico

Question 31

Put the steps of the process of a bill becoming law in order from start to finish.

A) President rejects or accepts or does nothing with the bill.
B) Bill goes to representative or senate for discussion and changes made.
C) Bill is introduced in one house of Congress.
D) Bill is an idea.