Deck 15: Organization of the Human Body

Question 1

What does the nurse need to understand about the basic knowledge of chemistry? Select all that apply.

A) It involves the structure and composition of matter
B) It explains the chemical reactions that the elements of matter can produce
C) Is the basis for producing and maintaining human homeostasis
D) It states the laws of matter and their interactions with energy.
E) It is the physical and emotional equilibrium that involves an individual's chemical reactions, physical condition, and emotional status.

Answer 1

It involves the structure and composition of matter
It explains the chemical reactions that the elements of matter can produce
Is the basis for producing and maintaining human homeostasis

Question 2

Which statement is the most complete description of a physical change in the body?

A) Change in inward properties and the chemical properties changes
B) One substance changes to another
C) Compound breaks down into atoms of elements and its energy is transferred
D) Outward properties change, but chemical properties remain the same

Answer 2

Outward properties change, but chemical properties remain the same

Question 3

Which part of the word intravenous represents the root of the word?

A) In
B) Ous
C) Tra
D) Ven

Answer 3

Ven

Question 4

What is the best description of the science of physiology?

A) Study of body structure that can be observed with naked eye
B) Study of body structure that requires the use of a microscope
C) Study of how the body functions
D) Study of the disorders of the body

Question 5

What example illustrates the superior body position?

A) The toes to the knee
B) The nose to the lips
C) The brain to skull
D) The nose to the eyes

Question 6

Which statement correctly describes structural levels?

A) Tissues are the basic units and cells are made up of tissues.
B) Organs are made up of cells and tissues are the basic units.
C) Systems are made up of cells and organs are made up of tissues.
D) Organs are made up tissues and tissues are made up of cells.

Question 7

What is the best description of anabolism?

A) Ability of cells to breakdown, disintegrate, or tear substances into simpler substances
B) Ability of muscle cells to move
C) Ability of cells to build up, assimilate, or convert ingested substances.
D) Ability of the cells to duplicate themselves

Question 8

Which statements correctly identify the difference between RNA and DNA function? Select all that apply.

A) Chromosomes are composed of RNA molecules that synthesize proteins.
B) DNA is responsible for taking the genetic material from the RNA molecule and forming genetic material in the cytoplasm.
C) Chromosomes are composed of DNA molecules that form genetic material called genes.
D) RNA is responsible for taking the genetic message from the DNA molecule and transporting this message to the ribosome in the cytoplasm.
E) DNA is a double-stranded molecule while RNA is single stranded

Question 9

Which statements correctly describe the function of mitosis and meiosis? Select all that apply.

A) In mitosis, cells divide into four parts to reproduce themselves.
B) In meiosis, cell division produces eggs or sperm that contain half the total number of chromosomes.
C) In mitosis, cells divide into two parts to reproduce themselves.
D) In meiosis, cell division produces chromosomes for the body's growth, repair, and replacement of injured and dead tissues.
E) In meiosis, each of the "daughter and son cells" is unique and differs from the "mother and father" cells.

Question 10

Which statement describes the function of connective tissue?

A) Protects body parts and produces secretions
B) Anchors and supports other body structures
C) Provides movement of the body
D) Conducts impulses to and from all parts of the body

Question 11

Which statement correctly describes the function of a body system?

A) The integumentary system includes skin and its appendages.
B) The musculoskeletal system includes brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
C) The nervous system includes bones, joints, and muscles.
D) The endocrine system includes the eyes, ear, tongue, nose, and skin.

Question 12

The nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a client diagnosed with anemia. Which constituent of human blood should the nurse monitor?

A) Erythrocytes
B) Thrombocytes
C) Leukocytes
D) Platelets

Question 13

A client has torn a ligament. What should the nurse tell the client is the function of a ligament?

A) Provides movement to the body
B) Conducts impulse to and from all parts of the body
C) Connects bones to one another in the body
D) Protects body parts and produces secretions

Question 14

Which type of epithelium has the ability to change shape?

A) Transitional
B) Ciliated
C) Simple epithelium
D) Stratified

Question 15

The nurse is educating a young couple about the growth of their fetus. What explanation should the nurse provide concerning the process of meiosis?

A) It allows for the growth of a single fertilized egg
B) It results in the production of half the total number of chromosomes
C) It results in the genetic duplication of the original cell
D) It brings about the repair of wounds by replacing dead cells

Question 16

What type of tissue demonstrates a continuous state of regeneration?

A) Epithelial
B) Connective
C) Muscle
D) Nerve

Question 17

What is the function of enzymes?

A) Synthesizing protein
B) Speeding up chemical reactions
C) Producing ribosomes
D) Bringing about cell division

Question 18

Which form of soft connective tissue stores fat as a food reserve?

A) Areolar
B) Fibrous
C) Elastic
D) Adipose

Question 19

Which term is used to identify the region of the body that consists of the left and right iliac and lumbar regions?

A) Hypochondriac
B) Hypogastric
C) Suprapubic
D) Epigastric

Question 20

What is the function of the nucleolus?

A) Carries inherited characteristics
B) Helps in the formation of genes
C) Helps in the formation of ribosomes
D) Transports materials across cells

Question 21

Which constituent of blood destroys pathogens and develops immunity to diseases such as pneumonia?

A) Platelets
B) Thrombocytes
C) Erythrocytes
D) Leukocytes