Deck 25: The Respiratory System

Question 1

Which statement is a description of external respiration?

A) Exchange of oxygen for carbon dioxide within the cells
B) Exchange of oxygen for carbon dioxide within the alveoli of the lungs
C) Exchange of carbon dioxide for oxygen within the cells
D) Exchange of carbon dioxide for oxygen within the alveoli of the lungs

Answer 1

Exchange of oxygen for carbon dioxide within the alveoli of the lungs

Question 2

The nurse assists and educates clients about the structure and function of the respiratory system. The nurse is reviewing the process of internal respiration and external respiration. Which statement describes the result of impaired internal respirations?

A) A buildup of carbon dioxide within the cells
B) A buildup of carbon dioxide within the alveoli of the lungs
C) A buildup of oxygen within the cells
D) A buildup of oxygen within the alveoli of the lungs

Answer 2

A buildup of carbon dioxide within the cells

Question 3

What is the correct sequence for the pathway for external breathing to the alveoli level?
1) Nose
2) Larynx
3) Bronchi
4) Trachea
5) Bronchioles
6) Pharynx

A) 1, 6, 2, 4, 3, 5
B) 2, 4, 6, 1, 5, 3
C) 3, 1, 2, 5, 4, 6
D) 4, 2, 5, 3, 1, 6

Answer 3

1, 6, 2, 4, 3, 5

Question 4

What structures are located in the pharynx? Select all that apply.

A) Alveolar sac
B) Trachea
C) Esophagus
D) Pleura
E) Larynx

Question 5

Which structure of the respiratory system prevents foreign matter from entering the lower respiratory system?

A) Trachea
B) Esophagus
C) Epiglottis
D) Pharynx

Question 6

When food or other object becomes lodged, which structure associated with the respiratory system triggers a cough to clear the objection?

A) Trachea
B) Esophagus
C) Epiglottis
D) Larynx

Question 7

The nurse suspects that a client has aspirated a fluid or foreign object. What portion of the client's lower respiratory system will the nurse assess first?

A) Right bronchus
B) Left bronchus
C) Right bronchioles
D) Left bronchioles

Question 8

What conditions can cause pleurisy? Select all that apply.

A) Lung tumor
B) Sinus infection
C) Tuberculosis
D) Lung abscess
E) Pneumonia

Question 9

Starting at the nose, in which sequence are the following organs involved in the act of respiration?
1) Alveolar sac
2) Epiglottis
3) Larynx
4) Nasal cavity
5) Nasopharynx
6) Trachea

A) 1, 2, 4, 5, 3, 6
B) 3, 4, 6, 5, 2, 1
C) 4, 5, 2, 3, 6, 1
D) 4, 3, 2, 6, 1, 5

Question 10

The mother of a client reports getting no sleep because of excessive snoring from the client every night. The nurse is reviewing with the mother what causes the snoring. What is the most common cause of snoring?

A) Enlargement of the adenoids
B) Elevation of the soft plate
C) Elevation of the uvula
D) Swollen Eustachian tubes

Question 11

What are roles of surfactant in the lungs? Select all that apply.

A) Preserve the elastic property of lung tissue
B) Reduce friction of lung tissue
C) Maintain the surface tension in the pulmonary lung fields
D) Prevent collapse of the alveolar walls on inspiration
E) Strengths the alveolar walls

Question 12

What result noted on an x-ray would confirm the presence of atelectasis?

A) Inflammation of the pleura
B) Inflammation of the trachea
C) Fluid accumulation blocked in the trachea
D) Air accumulation in the pleural space

Question 13

What outcome reflects effective treatment of orthopnea?

A) Normal respiration are observed after resting
B) Breathing improves after coughing
C) Breathing increases with administration of oxygen
D) Dyspnea is relieved when the person sits upright

Question 14

In which age group is the use of accessory muscles particularly diagnostic of respiratory distress?

A) Infants
B) School-aged children
C) Adolescents
D) Elderly

Question 15

What is the role of the medulla in the regulation of respirations?

A) Works to produce a normal breathing rhythm
B) Allows some voluntary control over breathing
C) Stimulates the muscles of respiration
D) Involuntary control of the depth and rate of respirations

Question 16

Which diagnostic test result would indicate the cause of a client's increased respirations?

A) Low carbon dioxide
B) High carbon dioxide
C) High oxygen
D) Low pH

Question 17

What can cause a decrease in gas exchange? Select all that apply.

A) Immobility
B) Shaken baby syndrome
C) Thoracic surgery
D) Pneumonia
E) Lung surgery

Question 18

While describing the exchange of gases in the body, how should the nurse explain the formation of carbonic acid?

A) Reaction of carbon dioxide with water
B) Combination of hydrogen ions
C) Combination of bicarbonate ions
D) A waste product of metabolism

Question 19

Which condition is an example of an obstructive disorder of the respiratory tract?

A) Pleural effusion
B) Fibrosis
C) Asthma
D) Pulmonary embolism

Question 20

What is the cause of the respiratory acidosis?

A) Too little carbon dioxide in the blood
B) Presence of food in the respiratory passage
C) Excess carbon dioxide in the blood
D) Inflammation of the pleura

Question 21

A 42-year-old male client has a history of smoking for 20 years. The client states he is feeling fine and asks why stopping smoking is necessary. What information should the nurse share with the client about the potential lung damage smoking can cause?

A) Smoking decreases the size of the tubes leading to the lungs.
B) The chest becomes more elastic with increased time of smoking.
C) Carbon dioxide levels may decrease in the lungs.
D) Smoking causes the respiratory system to increase oxygen delivery to the lungs.

Question 22

Why are older adults more susceptible to pneumonia?

A) Change in ration of the pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide
B) Chest wall becomes stiffer and the lungs cannot expand
C) Tar build-up in the lungs
D) Decreased secretion of mucus in the respiratory lining

Question 23

Anatomically, where is the laryngopharynx located?

A) Section of the pharynx from the nares to the uvula
B) Part of the pharynx extending from the uvula to the epiglottis
C) Lowest portion of the pharynx
D) Connects the nasopharynx to the middle ear

Question 24

Why is the right bronchus more susceptible to pneumonia than the left?

A) The right bronchus is short.
B) The right bronchus is narrow.
C) The right lung has three lobes.
D) The left lung has two lobes.