Deck 52: Specimen Collection

Question 1

What should the nurse keep in mind when maintaining a client's intake and output (I&O) record?

A) Normally the output is less than the intake.
B) Edema may be seen because of excess loss of body fluid.
C) Only dietary intake is recorded on the I&O record.
D) Fluid intake and output is measured in milliliters.

Answer 1

Fluid intake and output is measured in milliliters.

Question 2

A nurse is ordered to maintain a fluid intake and output record (I&O record) for a client. During the last 24 hours, the client has had 300 mL of ice. How should the nurse document this?

A) Fluid intake of 150 mL
B) Fluid intake of 200 mL
C) Fluid intake of 250 mL
D) Fluid intake of 300 mL

Answer 2

Fluid intake of 150 mL

Question 3

What fluids would be recorded as intake? Select all that apply.

A) Jell-O
B) IV fluids
C) Thin cereal
D) Nasogastric suction
E) Sherbet

Answer 3

Jell-O
IV fluids
Thin cereal
Sherbet

Question 4

What fluids would be recorded as output? Select all that apply.

A) Tube feeding
B) Vomitus
C) Bleeding
D) Thoracentesis
E) Urine

Question 5

The nurse weighs a dressing after it is removed and finds that it weighs 2 fluid oz. An identical dry dressing weights 1 fluid oz. How many milliliters (mL) should the nurse document on the output for the wound drainage?

A) 15 mL
B) 30 mL
C) 45 mL
D) 60 mL

Question 6

What urine specific gravity reading would be consistent for a client currently prescribed a diuretic?

A) 1.005
B) 1.010
C) 1.020
D) 1.030

Question 7

What urinary specific gravity would be consistent with a normal urine sample?

A) 1.008
B) 1.018
C) 1.028
D) 1.038

Question 8

A client is admitted to the healthcare facility with severe dehydration. What would the nurse anticipate as the urinary specific gravity in this case?

A) 1.005
B) 1.010
C) 1.020
D) 1.030

Question 9

The nurse is collecting a urine sample from a retention catheter. What statement
Accurately describes a step in this process?

A) Wash the hands and put gloves on both the hands.
B) Clamp the catheter for 20 minutes before collecting the specimen.
C) Unclamp the catheter just before inserting the needle.
D) Explain the procedure to the client soon after completion.

Question 10

What type of urine specimen should the nurse collect to determine the efficiency of the kidneys or to identify abnormalities in the urine?

A) Single-voided
B) Clean-catch
C) Midstream urine
D) 24-hour urine

Question 11

How much urine is needed when collecting a single-voided specimen?

A) 30 to 60 mL
B) 60 to 90 mL
C) 90 to 120 mL
D) 120 to 150 mL

Question 12

The nurse is collecting a "fractional collection" of urine. What are the most common factional collection time segments?

A) 2 hours
B) 4 hours
C) 6 hours
D) 8 hours

Question 13

Which method is most commonly used to obtain a specimen with minimal contamination from external sources without inserting a sterile catheter?

A) Midstream
B) Fractional
C) 24-hour
D) Single-void

Question 14

The nurse has to complete a one-time catheterized urine specimen to determine residual urine volume in an older adult. What would be the anticipated amount of residual urine?

A) 25 to 50 mL
B) 50 to 75 mL
C) 50 to 100 mL
D) 100 to 125 mL

Question 15

A nurse must collect a stool specimen from a client. Among the supplies and equipment the nurse keeps ready for the procedure are wooden tongue blades. What is the purpose of these blades?

A) To collect stool specimen that is free of urine
B) To transfer a portion of the feces to the container
C) To prevent contamination of the stool specimen
D) To scoop out a stool sample from the client's rectum

Question 16

What is the most common reason a client is asked to provide a stool specimen for analysis?

A) Assess for functioning of the GI system
B) Identify proper functioning of accessory GI organs
C) Assess for presence of occult blood in the stool
D) Identify presence of intestinal parasites or their eggs

Question 17

What substances should the nurse instruct the client to avoid consuming for 3 days before providing a stool sample for a guaiac test? Select all that apply.

A) Aspirin
B) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
C) Beets
D) Anticoagulants
E) Rare red meat

Question 18

How many separate guaiac specimens are collected and analyzed before a determination of positive or negative finding is made?

A) Two separate specimens on 2 consecutive days
B) Two separate specimens on 2 separate days
C) Three separate specimens on 3 consecutive days
D) Three separate specimens on 3 separate days

Question 19

Which type of urine specimen needs to be stored at a cold temperature until it is transport to the laboratory?

A) Catheterized urine specimen
B) 24-hour fractional urine specimen
C) Clean-catch urine specimen
D) Single-voided urine specimen

Question 20

What is the purpose of an ova and parasite (O&P) stool test?

A) Detection of frank blood
B) Identification of bile pigments
C) Confirmation of the presence of tapeworms
D) Detection of occult blood

Question 21

A nurse is ordered to collect a sputum specimen from a client. The nurse instructs the client to cough up the sputum to obtain the most accurate result. What is the rationale for such an instruction?

A) Prevents contamination of the specimen
B) Prevents the proliferation of microorganisms
C) Brings up sputum specimen from the lungs
D) Reduces risk of transmission of infection

Question 22

To best assure an accurate result, when should the nurse obtain a client's sputum specimen?

A) Early morning
B) Midday
C) Afternoon
D) Evening