Deck 78: Endocrine Disorders

Question 1

The nurse is caring for a client following an angiogram. Which nursing intervention is recommended for this client?

A) Apply a sandbag distal to the insertion site.
B) Check the insertion site for bleeding every 2 hours.
C) Encourage fluids, if not contraindicated.
D) Call the healthcare provider if there is not a pulse at the injection site.

Answer 1

Encourage fluids, if not contraindicated.

Question 2

A nurse is assisting with a cerebral arteriography for a client with a head injury. What is the nurse's role when assisting with this procedure?

A) Restrict excess fluid intake during the arteriography procedure.
B) Apply a pressure device after the procedure to prevent scarring.
C) Check the insertion site every hour for signs of bleeding.
D) Obtain a baseline neurologic assessment before the procedure.

Answer 2

Obtain a baseline neurologic assessment before the procedure.

Question 3

The nurse monitors an 80-year-old client's blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine before and after positron emission tomography. The dye used in the test increases the client's risk for which side effect?

A) Kidney damage
B) Cardiac dysrhythmias
C) Respiratory distress
D) Hypernatremia

Answer 3

Kidney damage

Question 4

A brain scan is used during the diagnosing process for which conditions? Select all that apply.

A) Vascular lesions
B) Neoplasms
C) Abscesses
D) Cerebrovascular ischemia
E) Increased intracranial pressure
F) Infection of the meninges

Question 5

What assessment data should the nurse document on a client both before and after a lumbar puncture?

A) Muscle tone and strength
B) Function of the cranial nerves
C) Direction of the eye movements
D) Ability to move all extremities

Question 6

Which diagnostic test is used to detect seizure activity in the brain?

A) Lumbar puncture
B) Electroencephalography
C) Myelography
D) Angiography

Question 7

The nurse is preparing a 25-year-old male client for a resting electroencephalogram (EEG). What information will the nurse provide the client regarding preparation for this test?

A) Explain that the test delivers a mild electrical shock.
B) Tell the client that he should keep his eyes open throughout the test.
C) Tell the client that he will be asked to watch a pattern on a TV monitor.
D) Tell the client not to sleep the night before the EEG.

Question 8

The nurse is assisting a client diagnosed with paraplegia into a special "neuro chair." What are the advantages/disadvantages of using these devices?

A) They help to alleviate pain.
B) They adjust to various positions.
C) They provide exercise for the client.
D) They are difficult to move from place to place.

Question 9

The nurse is caring for clients diagnosed with neurologic disorders. Which would the nurse describe as the most commonly reported by these clients?

A) Cephalgia
B) Back pain
C) Gastrointestinal disorders
D) Respiratory distress

Question 10

What are signs or symptoms of migraine headache? Select all that apply.

A) Mood changes
B) Numbness of a body part
C) Premonition the headache will occur
D) Respiratory alterations
E) Nausea and vomiting
F) Hallucinations

Question 11

For which symptoms and signs of vasodilation should the nurse look in the client who experiences cluster headaches?

A) Tears forming
B) Reduced respiratory rate
C) Generalized shivering
D) Shrunken eyes

Question 12

Which measures should the nurse implement when caring for a client in an active seizure?

A) Put something in the mouth to keep it open.
B) Observe for a flushing of the skin.
C) Elevate the head of the bed to 45 degrees.
D) Place a soft pad beneath the client's head.

Question 13

A nurse is caring for a client with trigeminal neuralgia. What knowledge about the nature of the client's condition will guide the nurse's care prior to surgery?

A) The pain may be triggered by the slightest touch of the trigger zone.
B) The pain usually occurs in spasms that can last for days to weeks.
C) The pain occurs most commonly in the upper extremities and trunk.
D) The pain is permanently eliminated by surgical removal of the partial nerve root.

Question 14

Which description accurately describes the physiology of the spinal cord?

A) The spinal cord is a tight cluster of white matter surrounded by gray matter.
B) If the spinal cord is severed, the brain takes over communication to the body.
C) The spinal cord is the communication system between the brain and body.
D) The brain sends a signal to the spinal cord to initiate the reflex arc.

Question 15

Which intervention should the nurse implement when providing care for a client diagnosed with paraplegia?

A) Encourage the use of high-top sneakers to prevent footdrop.
B) Use a trapeze bar to help in maintaining proper body alignment.
C) Use trochanter rolls to assist the client when changing positions.
D) Ask the client to avoid breathing deeply because it may lead to exertion.

Question 16

A nurse is caring for a client with autonomic dysreflexia. The nurse knows that a sudden onset of hypertension greatly increases the client's risk for which condition?

A) Stroke
B) Seizure
C) Respiratory distress
D) Visual disturbances
E) Migraine headache

Question 17

The nurse is counseling a 30-year-old paraplegic client. Which information would the nurse include in a teaching plan concerning female health related issues?

A) The use of birth control pills is recommended.
B) Menses usually resume within 1 year following the injury.
C) Tampons are not recommended for use and can be dangerous.
D) Labor and childbirth are easier and safer because of the paralysis.

Question 18

Which medication would be prescribed to reduce the tremors and rigidity of Parkinson syndrome?

A) Antihypertensives
B) NSAIDs
C) Diazepam
D) Levodopa

Question 19

What teaching should the nurse provide for a client diagnosed with myasthenia gravis?

A) Wear Medic-Alert tag whenever out alone.
B) Avoid exposure to temperature extremes and infections.
C) Have regular eye examinations to check intraocular pressure.
D) Avoid any form of exercise or activity to conserve energy.

Question 20

Which are manifestations of a myasthenic crisis? Select all that apply.

A) Dysphagia
B) Dysphasia
C) Ptosis
D) Diplopia
E) Cardiac arrest
F) Seizures

Question 21

The nurse is providing genetic counseling to a young couple hoping to start a family. The husband has the Huntington's disease (HD) gene and does not want to pass the disease on to his children. Which teaching point should the nurse include in a teaching plan for this couple?

A) A child with a parent who has HD has a 50-50 chance of inheriting the gene.
B) A child with a parent who does not inherit the HD gene may still develop the disease.
C) Of the children who inherit the gene, 50% will develop the disease.
D) Symptoms of HD generally appear before the age of 12.

Question 22

The nurse is caring for a client with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease. Which is a characteristic of this disease?

A) There are periods of remission with ALS when no symptoms occur.
B) ALS always progresses to respiratory dysfunction and death.
C) There are new therapies that will lessen or halt the progress of ALS.
D) Clients with ALS experience intellectual and sensory deficits near term.

Question 23

The nurse is caring for a client who is diagnosed with a brain abscess. If left untreated, what condition may develop as a result of a brain abscess?

A) Guillain-Barré syndrome
B) Acute Transverse Myelitis
C) Meningitis
D) Shingles

Question 24

Which statement accurately describes a positive Brudzinski sign?

A) Evidence of pain when the client lies on the back and brings one leg up so that the hip and knee are flexed at 90 degrees.
B) Evidence of pain when the client lies on the side and brings one leg up so that the hip and knee are flexed at 90 degrees.
C) Evidence of pain or resistance when the client lies on the back and brings her head forward toward the chest.
D) Evidence of pain or resistance when the client lies on the side and brings her head forward toward the chest.

Question 25

Which are the signs associated with meningitis? Select all that apply.

A) Impaired bladder function
B) Photophobia
C) Nuchal rigidity
D) Loss of sensation
E) Change in LOC
F) Opisthotonos

Question 26

Which neurologic condition is directly associated with lead poisoning?

A) Meningitis
B) Guillain-Barré syndrome
C) Acute Transverse Myelitis
D) Encephalitis

Question 27

The nurse is caring for a hospitalized client with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Which is a nursing consideration for this client?

A) Excellent nursing care is necessary to prevent permanent damage.
B) The nurse will start steroid therapy as the drug of choice.
C) The client will be on bed rest and muscles will be rested until the disease resolves.
D) Recovery is fast; nursing implications focus on physical rather than emotional aspects.

Question 28

The nurse is caring for a client with head trauma who has increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which ICP is normal?

A) 2 to 10 mm Hg
B) 4 to 13 mm Hg
C) 5 to 15 mm Hg
D) 6 to 18 mm Hg

Question 29

Which intervention is most critical when monitoring the client's intracranial pressure (ICP)?

A) Monitor and document the client's vital and neurologic signs.
B) Stop immediately if there is a break in the ICP monitoring system.
C) Avoid moving the client's head up or down without physician orders.
D) Observe the client's general appearance as well as mobility level.

Question 30

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with a subdural hematoma. Which usually causes this condition?

A) Hemorrhage and edema from bleeding in the skull
B) An accumulation of blood between the dura and skull
C) A penetrating head injury
D) Torn vein on the brain's surface