Deck 21: The Thorax and Abdomen

Question 1

What are the signs and symptoms that would indicate that an athlete has ruptured his or her spleen?

Answer 1

Not Answer

Question 2

What are the signs and symptoms that would indicate a severe injury to the bladder and the kidneys?

Answer 2

Not Answer

Question 3

Describe the internal complications that can arise from a fractured rib or a traumatic blow to the thorax.

Answer 3

Not Answer

Question 4

Identify three abdominal problems and describe their causes.

Question 5

What are the signs and symptoms of appendicitis?

Question 6

Which of the following organs has a lower risk of injury in sports activities?

A) The stomach
B) The intestines
C) The bladder
D) The liver

Question 7

To palpate the abdominal structures, athletes should be _____.

A) supine with the arms over the head and the abdominal muscles flexed
B) prone with the arms across the chest
C) lying on their sides with the arms by their sides
D) supine with the arms at the sides and the abdominal muscles relaxed

Question 8

Which of the following conditions is characterized by "getting the wind knocked out"?

A) Heart contusion
B) Pneumothorax
C) A stitch in the side
D) A blow to the solar plexus

Question 9

Which of the following conditions is the most likely cause of spleen enlargement?

A) Infectious mononucleosis
B) Hematuria
C) Cirrhosis
D) Eating before competition

Question 10

Injuries to the spleen are uncommon but most often occur because of _____.

A) a fall or a direct blow to the left upper quadrant of the abdomen
B) a blow to the middle portion of the abdomen, producing a transitory paralysis of the diaphragm
C) a lack of visceral support that is caused by weak abdominal muscles
D) breathing techniques that lead to a lack of oxygen in the diaphragm

Question 11

Any athlete who reports having received a severe blow to the abdomen or back region should be instructed to _____.

A) watch out for elevated blood pressure for several days after the blow
B) check for signs of internal infection, mainly an elevated temperature
C) urinate two or three times and to look for the appearance of blood in the urine
D) check for visual acuity and headaches

Question 12

Immediately following a testicular contusion, an athlete is _____.

A) placed on his back and ice is applied to the scrotum
B) placed on his side and instructed to flex his thighs to his chest
C) made to lie on his stomach and pressure is applied to the scrotum
D) referred to a physician

Question 13

Inguinal hernias most often occur in _____.

A) women
B) men
C) the femoral area
D) the thoracic cavity

Question 14

What is the preferred treatment by most physicians for an athlete with a hernia?

A) Avoidance of activities
B) Surgical repair
C) Using a hernia belt for all activities
D) Allowing the athlete to practice tolerably

Question 15

Which of the following is most likely to occur from a direct blow to the thorax or indirectly from a sudden twist or a fall on a ball, compressing the rib cage?

A) A costal cartilage injury
B) A solar plexus blow
C) Hemothorax
D) Rupture of the kidneys

Question 16

A condition in which the pleural cavity surrounding the lung becomes filled with air that has entered through an opening in the chest is called _____.

A) hemothorax
B) pneumothorax
C) thoracodynia
D) traumatic asphyxia

Question 17

Which of the following is true of costal cartilage injuries?

A) They cause sharp pain during sudden movement of the trunk and difficulty in breathing deeply.
B) They are usually managed with support and rest, and healing takes 1 to 2 weeks in most cases.
C) They require immediate application of cold and compression for approximately 20 minutes.
D) They have a lower incidence than do rib fractures.

Question 18

In athletes, which of the following is likely to cause hematuria?

A) A ruptured spleen
B) A liver contusion
C) A kidney contusion
D) A bladder infection

Question 19

A reflex pain that occurs approximately 30 minutes after an injury to the spleen and radiates to the left shoulder and one-third of the way down the left arm is called _____.

A) Rovsing's sign
B) Kehr's sign
C) hematuria
D) osteitis pubis

Question 20

What are the solid organs within the abdominal viscera?

A) Appendix, kidney, heart, and stomach
B) Lungs, heart, and small intestines
C) Kidneys, spleen, liver, adrenal glands, and pancreas
D) Large intestines, small intestines, and appendix

Question 21

Which of the following is a common cause of sudden death syndrome?

A) An anomalous origin of the coronary artery
B) Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
C) Marfan's syndrome
D) All of the answers are correct.

Question 22

In the context of injuries to the lungs, which of the following refers to the presence of blood within the pleural cavity and results from the tearing or puncturing of the lung or pleural tissue, involving the blood vessels in the area?

A) Traumatic asphyxia
B) Hemothorax
C) Pneumothorax
D) Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Question 23

When palpation reveals abdominal rigidity and tenderness at a point between the anterior superior spine of the ilium and the umbilicus, McBurney's point, it is most likely a sign of _____.

A) a femoral hernia
B) a liver contusion
C) appendicitis
D) gallstones

Question 24

Immediate care of a stitch in the side demands relaxation of the spasm, for which two methods have proved beneficial. Identify one of these methods.

A) Athletes are instructed to stretch their arms on the affected side as high as possible.
B) Athletes are made to lie on their side and then ice and an elastic compression wrap are applied.
C) Athletes are placed on their sides and instructed to flex their thighs to their chest.
D) Athletes are instructed to lie in a supine position with the arms at the sides and the abdominal muscles relaxed.

Question 25

Which of the following is a complication of rupture of the inflamed appendix?

A) Hematuria
B) Bacterial infection
C) Inability to urinate
D) Pain

Question 26

A blow to the rib cage can contuse the _____.

A) intercostal muscles
B) acromioclavicular joint
C) bladder
D) appendix

Question 27

In the abdomen, hollow organs are more at risk for injury than are solid internal organs.

Question 28

In the context of the abdominal muscles, the quadratus lumborum is primarily responsible for producing trunk rotation.

Question 29

In rib fractures, pain is localized in the junction of the rib cartilage and rib.

Question 30

Bladder injury commonly causes referred pain to the lower trunk, including the upper thigh anteriorly.

Question 31

Constant uncontrolled movement of the breast over time can stretch Poupart's ligament, which supports the breast at the chest wall.

Question 32

In a rib contusion, only inspiration is painful.

Question 33

Making sure that the hollow organs are emptied before competition can reduce the chance of injury to those structures.

Question 34

The inguinal hernia results from an abnormal enlargement of the opening of the inguinal canal through which vessels and nerves of the male reproductive system pass.

Question 35

Traumatic asphyxia generally occurs when the pleural cavity on one side fills with air and displaces the lung and the heart toward the opposite side, thus compressing the opposite lung.

Question 36

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a condition in which there is thickened cardiac muscle with no evidence of chamber enlargement, and extensive myocardial scarring.

Question 37

Simple rib fractures heal within 3 to 4 weeks.

Question 38

Traumatic asphyxia demands immediate mouth-to-mouth resuscitation and immediate medical attention.

Question 39

In the context of appendicitis, there is an immediate need to surgically remove the inflamed appendix even if the bowel is not obstructed.

Question 40

A hard blow to the right side of the rib cage can tear or seriously contuse the liver, especially if it is enlarged as a result of some disease such as hepatitis.

Question 41

Medical care of a contused kidney usually consists of a 24-hour hospital observation, with a gradual increase of fluid intake.

Question 42

If hyperventilation occurs, an athlete should breathe into a paper bag as fast as he or she can.

Question 43

One common cause of sudden death syndrome in athletes is an anomalous origin of the coronary artery.

Question 44

To care for a stitch in the side, instruct an athlete to stretch the arm on the affected side as high as possible.

Question 45

Injuries to the reproductive organs in sports are much more likely to occur in the male because the male genitalia are more exposed.

Question 46

When caring for breast problems, wearing a well-designed bra that has minimum elasticity and allows little vertical or horizontal breast movement is most desirable.

Question 47

Appendicitis always calls for an emergency removal of the appendix.

Question 48

A blow to the solar plexus leads to anoxia, which refers to lack of oxygen.