Deck 27: The Thorax and Abdomen

Question 1

Please check all the organs and/or muscles that lie completely within the thoracic ribs.

A) Liver
B) Kidneys
C) Lungs
D) Heart
E) Internal intercostal muscles
F) Spleen
G) Serratus anterior
H) Small intestines
I) Pancreas
J) Gallbladder
K) Appendix

Answer 1

Liver
Lungs
Heart
Internal intercostal muscles
Spleen
Gallbladder

Question 2

What is/are the purpose(s) of the external and internal intercostal muscles located in the thoracic and abdominal region of the body?

A) They provide lubrication to allow the lungs to slide along the thoracic cage with expiration and inspiration of the lungs.
B) The external intercostal muscles depress the rib cage; the internal intercostals muscles elevate the diaphragm.
C) The external intercostal muscles elevate the rib cage; the internal intercostals muscles depress the diaphragm.
D) The external intercostal muscles elevate the diaphragm; the internal intercostals muscles depress the rib cage.
E) The external intercostal muscles assist with expiration; the internal intercostals muscles assist with inspiration.

Answer 2

The external intercostal muscles elevate the diaphragm; the internal intercostals muscles depress the rib cage.

Question 3

Which of the following is a large, dome-shaped muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?

A) The masseter
B) The buccinator
C) The diaphragm
D) The spinalis
E) The thymus

Answer 3

The diaphragm

Question 4

Which of the following statements about the heart is incorrect?

A) Contraction of the chambers is referred to as diastole, and relaxation as systole.
B) The heart muscle consists of four chambers.
C) Deoxygenated blood returns from all parts of the body through the venous system.
D) The right ventricle pumps the blood through the pulmonary valve to the pulmonary artery and into the lungs.
E) Blood is ejected past the aortic valve into the aorta, which supplies the entire body through the arterial system.

Question 5

Which figure below correctly shows the four sites used for auscultation of heart sounds?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 6

Which of the following is the deepest of the abdominal muscles?

A) The rectus abdominis
B) The quadratus lumborum
C) The external obliques
D) The internal obliques
E) The transversus abdominis

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true of the kidneys?

A) The right kidney sits lower than the left kidney to allow space for the heart.
B) The lowermost surfaces of the kidneys are connected to the diaphragm by strong, ligamentous fibers.
C) The right kidney is higher than the left because of the pressure of the diaphragm.
D) The kidneys lie anterior to the abdominal cavity.
E) The primary function of the kidneys is to filter metabolic wastes and drugs from the blood.

Question 8

Which of the following organs secretes bile?

A) The stomach
B) The heart
C) The pancreas
D) The liver
E) The spleen

Question 9

Which of the following organs produces insulin and glucagon?

A) Liver
B) Gallbladder
C) Pancreas
D) Stomach
E) Adrenal glands

Question 10

Which of the following statements is true of the gallbladder?

A) It produces antibodies and lymphocytes for immunological function.
B) It detoxifies harmful chemicals and processes nutrients.
C) It produces insulin and glucagon.
D) It serves as a reservoir of red blood cells.
E) It serves as a storage reservoir for bile secreted from the liver.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is true of the spleen?

A) It serves as a storage reservoir for bile.
B) It regulates the number of red blood cells circulating in the human body.
C) It is the smallest lymphatic organ in the body.
D) It produces insulin and glucagon.
E) It absorbs and stores excess glucose and detoxifies harmful chemicals.

Question 12

Why are traumatic injuries to female reproductive organs rare?

A) The female reproductive organs lie deeper in the abdominal viscera than male reproductive organs.
B) The female reproductive organs are located internally, as opposed to the male genitalia.
C) Female athletics usually do not involve full-contact activities.
D) The female reproductive organs are protected by the pelvis.
E) Female athletics usually do not involve high-collision activities.

Question 13

Which of the following steps is the most appropriate for minimizing injuries to the thorax and abdominal region?

A) Athletes should eat meals an hour before activity.
B) .Athletes should urinate immediately before stepping onto the field.
C) Athletes should wear shoulder pads that lie just above the sternum.
D) Athletes should wear rib protectors that cover half of the thoracic cage.
E) Athletes should consume large amounts of fluids before activity.

Question 14

In the history section of a thorax and abdomen assessment after a patient was injured, what would be considered an inappropriate question to ask the patient?

A) What position were you in when hit?
B) Have you had any muscle spasms?
C) How long has it been since you have eaten?
D) Was the bladder full or empty?
E) Do you use laxatives?

Question 15

In the history section of a thorax and abdomen assessment after a patient was injured, what would be considered an inappropriate action to perform?

A) Palpating the quadrants
B) Noticing the rate of breaths
C) Observing if the patient is holding the chest wall
D) Watching for red, frothy sputum
E) Noting the position of the patient

Question 16

Which of the following would be an inappropriate body structure to palpate during the palpation section of the thorax and abdomen assessment?

A) Rib cage
B) Liver
C) Kidneys
D) Ureters
E) Testicles

Question 17

What sign may also accompany intraabdominal bleeding?

A) Nausea
B) Shock
C) Rebound tenderness
D) Fever
E) Murmured ausculataion

Question 18

What injury sustained in the region of the thorax and abdomen has an etiology of a direct blow to the anterolateral aspect of the thorax or indirect mechanism from a sudden twist or a fall on some object that compresses the rib cage?

A) Sternum fracture
B) Rib contusion
C) Rib fracture
D) Costochondral separation and/or dislocation
E) Muscle contusion

Question 19

What injury sustained in the region of the thorax and abdomen could be managed with rest and support and treated symptomatically with an X-ray to rule out any complications?

A) Muscle contusion
B) Sternum fracture
C) Rib fracture
D) Rib contusion
E) Breast strain

Question 20

What injury commonly occurs in automobile accidents and results from a high-impact injury to the chest?

A) Costochondral separation
B) Sternum fracture
C) Costochondral dislocation
D) Rib fracture
E) Rib contusion

Question 21

Violent up and down and lateral movements of the breasts can result in stretching to which of the following structures?

A) Cooper's ligament
B) Mammary glands
C) Mammary ligament
D) Nipples
E) Suspensor ligament

Question 22

When a patient is hyperventilating, what should immediately be done?

A) Attempt to decrease the rate of carbon dioxide loss
B) Attempt to decrease the rate of oxygen loss
C) Attempt to increase the rate of carbon dioxide loss
D) Attempt to increase the rate of respiration
E) Have the patient breath in and out through their mouth

Question 23

What is the most common cause of sudden death syndrome in athletes under the age of 35?

A) Congenital cardiovascular abnormality
B) Heat illness
C) Lung disorders
D) Cancer
E) Stroke

Question 24

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a condition that is categorized by which of the following?

A) A disorder of the mitral valve
B) The SA node firing improperly
C) The AV node firing improperly
D) Thickened cardiac muscle
E) Atherosclerosis

Question 25

How does commotio cordis occur?

A) Damage to the mitral valve
B) Drug allergy
C) Blunt impact to the chest
D) Dehydration
E) An asthma attack

Question 26

Which of the following statements is true of athletic heart syndrome?

A) It results in a decrease of maximal stroke volume and cardiac output.
B) It is characterized by a decrease in heart rate.
C) It is most likely to occur in athletes who train for lesser than one hour a day.
D) It most often requires corrective surgery as a treatment.
E) It occurs more often in women than in men.

Question 27

The figure demonstrates which of the following lung injuries?

A) Pneumothorax
B) Tension pneumothorax
C) Hemothorax
D) Traumatic asphyxia
E) Hyperventilation