Deck 23: The Elbow

Question 1

Please check all of the injuries that can be caused by falling on an outstretch hand.

A) Cubital tunnel syndrome
B) Medial epicondylitis
C) Fracture of the elbow
D) Dislocation of the elbow
E) Volkmann's contracture
F) Pronator teres syndrome
G) Olecranon bursitis

Answer 1

Fracture of the elbow
Dislocation of the elbow

Question 2

Please check all of the muscles that are innervated by the radial nerve.

A) Brachialis
B) Brachioradialis
C) Triceps brachii
D) Pronator teres
E) Flexor carpi ulnaris
F) Supinator

Answer 2

Brachioradialis
Triceps brachii
Supinator

Question 3

Please check all of the statements that are TRUE regarding the one-arm hop test.

A) There is a 3-minute break between the testing for each upper extremity
B) From a push-up position you hop with 1 arm onto a 10.2 cm step and back on to the floor
C) You perform 2 up-down repetitions
D) You check both the dominant and non-dominant side
E) You time how long it takes you to perfom the up-downs
F) The one-arm hop test may be useful as a basis for comparing performance of an injured contralateral upper extremity

Answer 3

From a push-up position you hop with 1 arm onto a 10.2 cm step and back on to the floor
You check both the dominant and non-dominant side
You time how long it takes you to perfom the up-downs
The one-arm hop test may be useful as a basis for comparing performance of an injured contralateral upper extremity

Question 4

Please check all of the types of sports where medial epicondylitis is common:

A) Javelin throw
B) Baseball
C) Swimming
D) Golf
E) Judo

Question 5

Please select the factors that most commonly lead to cubital tunnel syndrome.

A) Traction injury from a valgus torque
B) Subluxation of the radial nerve because of a lax ligament
C) Irregularities within the tunnel
D) Traction injury from a varus force
E) Excessive hyperextension of the elbow
F) Subluxation of the ulnar nerve because of a lax ligament
G) Progressive compression of the ligament on the nerve

Question 6

Which of the following articulations is unable to assist in elbow function?

A) Humeroulnar joint
B) Humeroradial joint
C) Radiocarpal joint
D) Proximal radioulnar joint
E) Distal radioulnar joint

Question 7

What structure(s) reinforce the elbow capsule?

A) Brachialis muscle
B) Ulnar and radial collateral ligaments
C) Triceps brachii muscle
D) Anconeus muscle
E) Annular ligament

Question 8

The bicipital bursa cushions the bicep tendon when the forearm is:

A) pronated.
B) supinated.
C) flexed.
D) extended.
E) externally rotated.

Question 9

In which of the following movements is the highlighted structure in the given figure of major importance?

A) Forceful extension-pronation movement
B) Forceful extension-supination movement
C) Forceful extension movement
D) Forceful flexion-supination movement
E) Forceful flexion-pronation movement

Question 10

In the history section of an elbow assessment, what would be considered an inappropriate question to ask the patient?

A) Is the pain contributed to a sudden injury or overuse?
B) Is there any movement that makes the pain better or worse?
C) Do you have any cuts on your arm?
D) Is there a feeling of locking or catching?
E) What is your dominant arm/hand?

Question 11

During the assessment of an elbow, which of the following would be considered unobservable?

A) Is an isosceles triangle formed posteriorly?
B) Has the carrying angle of the elbow joint abnormally increased?
C) What is the range of motion of the elbow?
D) Has the carrying angle of the elbow joint abnormally decreased?
E) Is the patient double-jointed? Is the length of the patient's arms from the elbows to the fingers uneven?

Question 12

Which of the following body structures is a medial soft tissue that should be palpated in order to assess an elbow injury?

A) The pronator teres
B) The radial collateral ligament
C) The annular ligament
D) The triceps
E) The ulnar nerve

Question 13

The elbow-extension test requires patients to:

A) flex their shoulders to 90 degrees and then fully extend and lock both elbows.
B) extend an elbow and pinch it with the fingers of the other hand.
C) extend their arms while an athletic trainer resists forearm pronation.
D) extend their arms while an athletic trainer rotates their forearm.
E) flex their shoulders and then pinch their thumbs and index fingers together.

Question 14

Which of the following conditions would be incorrect if a patient complained of pain along the medial aspect of the elbow?

A) Ulnar collateral ligament sprain
B) Ulnar nerve entrapment
C) Golfer's elbow
D) Little League elbow
E) Tennis elbow

Question 15

A middle school tennis player comes to you complaining of sudden pain and locking in the elbow joint. They also have swelling, pain, and crepitation. What could be wrong with this athlete?

A) Elbow osteochondritis dissecans
B) Medial epicondylitis
C) Little League elbow
D) Cubital tunnel syndrome
E) Volkmann's contracture

Question 16

Which of the following is another name for elbow osteochondritis dissecans?

A) Little League elbow
B) Golfers elbow
C) Tennis elbow
D) Panner's disease
E) Throwers elbow

Question 17

Which of the following incorrectly describes Little League elbow?

A) An accelerated apophyseal growth region plus a delay in the medial epicondylar growth plate.
B) An avulsion of the lateral epicondyle
C) Osteochondrosis of the humeral capitulum
D) A nonunion stress fracture of the olecranon epiphysis
E) A traction apophysitis with a possible fragmentation of the medial epicondylar apophysis

Question 18

Which of the following is incorrectly listed as a factor that can lead to cubital tunnel syndrome?

A) Traction injury from a valgus force
B) Irregularities within the tunnel
C) Subluxation of the ulnar nerve because of a lax ligament
D) Progressive compression of the ligament on the nerve
E) Fracture of the olecranon

Question 19

Which of the following statements is true of ulnar collateral ligament injury?

A) It mostly occurs during actions such as a forehand stroke in tennis.
B) It is mostly accompanied by severe swelling and can even lead to malignant formations.
C) It invariably leads to the rupture of the ligament.
D) It is usually managed by the application of a cold compress for one hour.
E) It is invariably accompanied by point tenderness in the myotendinous junction.

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true of olecranon bursitis?

A) It can be managed by applying a cold compress for at least 15 minutes.
B) It is relieved by a program of conservative treatment primarily involving compression.
C) It invariably leads to serious health consequences such as the development of malignant tumors.
D) Cryotherapy is mostly unsuccessful in relieving or managing chronic olecranon bursitis.
E) It is invariably accompanied by extreme pain and heat.

Question 21

In the following image of the elbow, which of the following injuries has been sustained?

A) Elbow subluxation
B) Elbow fracture
C) Posterior elbow dislocation
D) Anterior elbow dislocation
E) Radial/ulnar dislocation

Question 22

If a patient suffers an elbow dislocation, what nerve(s) can be compromised?

A) Median
B) Ulnar
C) Musculocutaneous
D) Median and ulnar
E) Median, ulnar, and musculocutaneous

Question 23

A softball catcher complains of loss of motor function of her fingers and sensory loss in her forearm. Her fingers are also beginning to form a contracture. She had an elbow dislocation 3 weeks ago. What is probably wrong with this athlete?

A) Brachial plexus injury
B) Volkmann's contracture
C) Carpal tunnel syndrome
D) Olecranon fracture
E) Rupture of the extensor muscles of the wrist

Question 24

What condition is illustrated in the following image of the elbow?

A) Olecranon contusion
B) Capsular tear
C) Olecranon bursitis
D) Ligament sprain
E) Infection

Question 25

The humeroradial inferior glide demonstrated in this video is utilized to increase which of the following?

A) Elbow flexion
B) Elbow extension
C) Elbow pronation
D) Elbow flexion and extension
E) Elbow flexion, extension, and pronation

Question 26

In the context of the rehabilitation of the elbow, the initial stage of strength exercises should include

A) pronation and supination exercises.
B) manual resistance exercises.
C) isokinetic exercises.
D) subpainful submaximal isometric exercises.
E) neutral foot strike exercises.

Question 27

Which of the following would be an inappropriate body structure to palpate during the palpation section of the elbow?

A) Anconeus muscle
B) Annular ligament
C) Wrist flexor muscle mass
D) Joint capsule
E) Radial head

Question 28

What artery does the subclavian become?

A) Deep brachial
B) Ulnar recurrent
C) Brachial
D) Ulnar
E) Axillary

Question 29

What artery is involved in a Volkmann's contracture?

A) Radial
B) Ulnar
C) Brachial
D) Axillary
E) Subclavian