Deck 11: Education

Question 1

The higher the level of _____, the higher the reported happiness and satisfaction with life.

Answer 1

education

Question 2

The disparity between educational attainment and the skill demands of the workplace means that some workers are _____.

Answer 2

underemployed

Question 3

The way of life of a people, including both material products and nonmaterial characteristics, is referred to as _____.

Answer 3

culture

Question 4

_____, as distinguished from educational "attainment," refers to the level a student has reached as measured by scores on various verbal and nonverbal tests.

Question 5

The general mood and social influences in a situation or place is called its _____.

Question 6

The A school atmosphere in which the motions of teaching and learning continue, while the students are more concerned about surviving than learning is called _____.

Question 7

Public schools are generally funded by _____.

Question 8

Children do better academically when they _____.

Question 9

The growth in the ability to perform increasingly complex intellectual activities, particularly abstract relationships, is called _____.

Question 10

The atmosphere of fear makes it difficult for teachers to _____ and for students to _____.

Question 11

According to Shanker (1994), _____ refers to the fact that inner-city students who try to free themselves from the culture of gangs, drugs, and violence and do good work face enormous pressure, harassment, and even violence as others try to pull them back into the bucket.

Question 12

People who attain high levels of education are likely to be those whose parents had _____.

Question 13

A(n) _____ is a nonreligious public school approved by the local school district but free of many regulations and policies that apply to other public schools.

Question 14

_____ are programs designed to give intensive help to disadvantaged pupils and increase their academic skills.

Question 15

A system of schooling that allows parents to use tax money to send their children to a school, private or public, of their choice is called a(n) _____.

Question 16

The number of years of education completed by a student is a measure of educational _____.

Question 17

A Texas survey determined that _____ of the elementary school teachers said they had students who were promoted to the next grade even though they had failed the class.

Question 18

The way of life of a people, including both material products and nonmaterial characteristics, is referred to as _____.

A) society
B) culture
C) tradition
D) civilization

Question 19

The way the young are socialized into the basic values, beliefs, and customs of the society is called _____.

A) society
B) culture
C) tradition
D) civilization

Question 20

Which of the following is a function of education?

A) to create good and effective citizens
B) to provide the individual with the possibility for upward mobility
C) personal development
D) All of these answers are correct.

Question 21

One factor that has aided educational attainment is the proliferation of _____.

A) scholarships
B) professors
C) two-year colleges
D) grants

Question 22

At best, you can say that the greater happiness and satisfaction reported by the better educated may reflect _____.

A) a tendency toward greater fulfillment of potential
B) a tendency toward higher status
C) a tendency toward higher wages
D) a tendency toward more responsibility

Question 23

The general mood and social influences in a situation or place is called its _____.

A) climate
B) vibe
C) social area
D) atmosphere

Question 24

A school atmosphere in which the motions of teaching and learning continue, while the students are more concerned about surviving than learning is called _____.

A) no response classroom
B) hollow lessons
C) going through the motions
D) ritualized deprivation

Question 25

The number of years of education completed by a student is a measure of educational _____.

A) achievement
B) attainment
C) aptitude
D) ability

Question 26

In the context of social structural factors, which of the following statements is true about children from low-income backgrounds?

A) As they progress through school, their academic problems become less rather than more serious.
B) They enter a lower-quality school with less well-prepared and less-experienced teachers than children from high-income backgrounds.
C) If they attend good schools and receive equal treatment from teachers, they can have educational opportunity equal to that of others.
D) They have a greater need for acceptance and warmth and are more likely to receive it than are middle-class children.

Question 27

If a low achiever is labeled as one with a low capacity, both the reaction of the teacher and the self-expectations of the child are negatively affected. In effect, labeling becomes a form of the _____, blaming the students rather than the system for their lack of achievement.

A) fallacy of authority
B) fallacy of appeal to prejudice
C) fallacy of personal attack
D) fallacy of circular reasoning

Question 28

Overall, the level of educational attainment in our country has _____.

A) remained about the same across time
B) been steadily increasing
C) been steadily decreasing
D) been in a constant state of flux

Question 29

According to the text, there appears to be a direct positive correlation between the level of education and _____ participation.

A) voter
B) military
C) religious
D) family

Question 30

According to the text, assuming that anyone can reach the highest levels of income by maximizing his or her education is _____.

A) a fallacy of circular reasoning
B) a fallacy of composition
C) the fallacy of non sequitur
D) a fallacy of personal attack

Question 31

The people most likely to benefit from education are those in the _____.

A) lower and middle classes
B) middle and upper strata
C) upper strata only
D) lowest class

Question 32

A frequently heard criticism of education is that it is _____.

A) boring
B) far too demanding
C) far too creative
D) too inexpensive

Question 33

The atmosphere of fear which characterizes many schools is responsible for _____.

A) rigid curriculums
B) excessive expectations for achievement
C) a difficult teaching and learning environment
D) school absences

Question 34

An atmosphere of ritualized deprivation includes _____.

A) substandard performance by teachers
B) substandard facilities
C) a greater concern for surviving than learning
D) all of these answers are correct

Question 35

A particular school in a state with lower-than-average funding may offer an immeasurably better education than a ghetto school in New York, but to conclude from this example that the lower-than-average state offers a better education is the _____.

A) fallacy of dramatic instance
B) fallacy of appeal to prejudice
C) fallacy of authority
D) fallacy of circular reasoning

Question 36

The kind of school where an atmosphere of ritualized deprivation is most likely to be found would be one that includes _____.

A) gifted student programs but no remedial classes
B) vocational curricula and a strong college-oriented program
C) college oriented programs in a middle class neighborhood
D) students who live in urban ghettos

Question 37

Average income over a lifetime for those with a bachelor's degree is _____ that of those with just a high school diploma.

A) the same as
B) double than
C) triple than
D) less than

Question 38

According to critics, Christian schools in the United States:

A) attempt to breakdown the existing racial segregation.
B) do use modern methods of teaching.
C) decrease the amount of miseducation in the nation.
D) give students distorted views of human knowledge.

Question 39

A report on the condition of education in 1999 included an analysis on the quality of teaching and concluded that millions of American students have teachers who _____.

A) lack the minimum requirements set by the states to teach in public schools
B) have an average level of ability
C) have an above average level of ability
D) are outstanding in every respect

Question 40

According to the text, certain characteristics of the families in the lower strata of society tend to depress _____.

A) personality
B) cognitive development
C) effort
D) ambition

Question 41

Children who come from _____ families are more likely to enter school with an intellectual disadvantage that tends to depress their performance and academic achievement.

A) lower-strata
B) upper-strata
C) middle-strata
D) upper-middle-strata

Question 42

The growth in the ability to perform increasingly complex intellectual activities, particularly abstract relationships, is called _____.

A) mental acuity
B) cognitive development
C) formal education
D) formal learning

Question 43

In the context of social structural factors, which of the following statements is true about students from low-income backgrounds?

A) They are more likely to gain admission to elite colleges.
B) They are more likely to gain admission through donations to a school.
C) They are less likely to go to a prestigious school.
D) They are less likely to drop out of high school or college.

Question 44

At which of the following levels of a child's schooling does socioeconomic background affect his or her academic career?

A) elementary
B) junior-high
C) high-school
D) college
E) All of these answers are correct.

Question 45

Children do better academically when they _____.

A) live with biological parents
B) live with only their mother
C) live with only their father
D) none of these answers is correct

Question 46

Critics of tracking argue that _____.

A) low achievers are stigmatized
B) minorities are put to a disadvantage
C) low achievers are deprived of opportunities
D) all of these answers are correct

Question 47

Public education is financed largely by _____.

A) federal taxes
B) property taxes
C) state taxes
D) sales taxes

Question 48

A Texas survey found that _____ of the elementary school teachers said they had students who were promoted to the next grade even though they had failed the class.

A) 48 percent
B) 58 percent
C) 68 percent
D) 78 percent

Question 49

Three researchers who did an extensive study of 20,000 high school students and hundreds of parents in California and Wisconsin report _____.

A) widespread student apathy toward learning
B) both parents and students were eager to learn
C) parents were committed to their children's education but the children were less committed
D) students were eager to learn but their parents did not care

Question 50

A system of schooling that allows parents to use tax money to send their children to a school, private or public, of their choice is called _____.

A) a voucher system
B) a charter school
C) a religious school
D) a compensatory program

Question 51

A _____ is a nonreligious public school approved by the local school district but free of many regulations and policies that apply to other public schools.

A) voucher system
B) charter school
C) religious school
D) compensatory program

Question 52

In the 1954 case _____, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that segregated education imposed by governments was not legal.

A) Plessy v. Ferguson
B) Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas
C) Cumming v. Richmond County Board of Education
D) Berea College v. Kentucky

Question 53

Because of discrimination, females are more likely to drop out of school than males.

Question 54

The higher the level of education, the higher the reported happiness and satisfaction with life.

Question 55

There is a negative correlation between level of education and voter participation.

Question 56

Because the meaning of unequal opportunities is debated, it is unlikely that one can settle on a definition that will be acceptable to everyone.

Question 57

Unequal educational attainment means that those groups with lower levels of attainment are incapable of extending their education.

Question 58

The high correlation between education and income means that education is the open road to success.

Question 59

There is only minimal evidence that education creates an effective citizenry.

Question 60

Atmosphere is the general mood and social influences in a situation or place.

Question 61

The position of the family in the stratification system has a close relationship to the educational attainment of the children.

Question 62

Socioeconomic background affects a child only during the elementary school years and decreases as a student enters high school.

Question 63

Among those in single-parent households, grades are lowered even more by father absence than by mother absence.

Question 64

If the low achieving student is labeled as one with a low capacity, the student realizes the areas in which he must do better and improves in those areas.

Question 65

The concept of the self-fulfilling prophecy in education is a myth and has no effect on student's performance.

Question 66

Compensatory programs are aimed at helping gifted students fulfill their full potential.