Deck 15: The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle, Mitosis, and Meiosis

Question 1

DNA associates very tightly with nucleosomes because

A) DNA can form covalent bonds with histone proteins.
B) negative charges on DNA are attracted to positive charges of the histone proteins.
C) the histone tails wrap tightly around the DNA double helix.
D) the amino acids of histone proteins are largely acidic, while DNA molecules are basic.
E) histone H1 tightens the coils of DNA that are wrapped around the nucleosome.

Answer 1

negative charges on DNA are attracted to positive charges of the histone proteins.

Question 2

The control of the cell cycle involves all of the following EXCEPT

A) Proteins cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases are responsible for advancing a cell through the phases.
B) G2 checkpoint which checks for DNA damage, determines if all of the DNA is replicated.
C) Metaphase checkpoint which determines if all chromosomes are attached to the spindle apparatus.
D) Cytokinesis which involves the formation of cleavage furrow to separate the cells.
E) The restriction point determines if conditions are favorable for cell division.

Answer 2

Cytokinesis which involves the formation of cleavage furrow to separate the cells.

Question 3

During metaphase,

A) heterochromatin is converted to euchromatin.
B) chromosomes are about 30 nm wide.
C) chromosomes are much shorter than they were in interphase.
D) chromosomes undergo gene transcription.
E) the "beads on a string" structure is visible.

Answer 3

chromosomes are much shorter than they were in interphase.

Question 4

Horses and donkeys are closely related species that can interbreed. However, the offspring produced are usually sterile and cannot reproduce. What term would best describe the offspring from this mating?

A) alloploid
B) euploid
C) trisomic
D) polyploid
E) monosomic

Question 5

When a gamete that is lacking a sex chromosome due to nondisjunction has fused with a gamete carrying an X chromosome, this type of abnormality leads to the ________.

A) Triple X syndrome
B) Down Syndrome
C) Edward Syndrome
D) the Turner syndrome
E) Klinefelter Syndrome

Question 6

Chromosomes inside the nucleus do not overlap with each other because

A) chromosomes are repelled from each other by their negative charges.
B) they all have a specific chromosome territory that is determined by the nuclear matrix.
C) the histone tails of the nucleosomes are repelled from each other by their negative charges.
D) the chromosomes are highly compacted by the formation of radial loop domains.
E) localized regions of the chromosomes are heterochromatic.

Question 7

A person who inherits an extra X chromosome will have

A) Klinefelter syndrome.
B) Turner syndrome.
C) Down syndrome.
D) Polyploid syndrome.
E) Edward syndrome.

Question 8

Chromosomes are replicated during the ______ phase.

A) G₁
B) G₂
C) S
D) M
E) meta-

Question 9

If two triploid species interbreed, the offspring will be

A) allotriploid.
B) allotetraploid.
C) allohexaploid.
D) alloheptaploid.
E) allonanoploid.

Question 10

If a cell contains 20 units of DNA during G2, it will have 40 units of DNA during S.