Deck 13: Neo-Classicism, Romanticism, and the Rococo

Question 1

A leader of the Neo-Palladian movement was:

A) Christopher Wren.
B) James Gibbs.
C) Inigo Jones.
D) Colen Campbell.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Answer 1

Colen Campbell.

Question 2

From the mid-1750s to the end of his life, Giovanni Battista Piranesi:

A) developed many royal gardens.
B) issued a series of engravings.
C) served as an assistant to Lord Burlington.
D) authored books on classical antiquities.
E) designed many chapels in Italy.

Answer 2

issued a series of engravings.

Question 3

At Adam's library at Kenwood, Robert Adam spread a thin "net" of stucco ornament, inspired by:

A) the English Neo-Palladians.
B) ancient Roman work as interpreted by Raphael and Giulio Romano.
C) research at ancient Greek sites in Paestum.
D) Robert Wood's investigations of Palmyra and Baalbek.
E) the antiquities of India.

Answer 3

ancient Roman work as interpreted by Raphael and Giulio Romano.

Question 4

Sir William Chambers's Somerset House was built:

A) to exhibit Lord Burlington's collection of Neo-Classical paintings.
B) to serve as headquarters for the Neo-Palladians.
C) as a residence and workplace for Robert Adam.
D) to centralize the British government offices.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 5

A cenotaph is a:

A) mausoleum.
B) monument erected to someone who is not interred within it.
C) cemetery gateway based on an Egyptian pylon.
D) type of planetarium.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 6

The purpose of Claude-Nicolas Ledoux's town of Chaux was to:

A) provide entertainment for the royal court.
B) serve as a frontier outpost.
C) produce salt.
D) express the principles of the French Revolution.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 7

Entry to Claude-Nicolas Ledoux's Hôtel de Thelluson was made:

A) through an ancient Roman, partially buried triumphal arch.
B) through an alleé of plane trees.
C) between double temple-form gatehouses.
D) through a crypto-portico, or underground passage.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 8

Soufflot's Pantheón in Paris demonstrated Soufflot's interest in:

A) the style of Renaissance buildings.
B) creating large courtyards.
C) religious symbolism.
D) lofty Gothic openness.
E) ancient Indian architecture.

Question 9

The term "bienséance" refers to:

A) the correct form of a building relative to its purpose and social rank.
B) the relationship of building parts to one another and to the whole.
C) the proper use of the classical language.
D) architectural fundamentals as represented by the "primitive hut."
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 10

Ange-Jacques Gabriel designed the Petit Trianon:

A) beside the Hôtel de Thelluson.
B) in the forest near the town of Chaux.
C) in the Parisian Tuileries Gardens.
D) along the left bank of the Seine in view of Nôtre-Dame Cathedral.
E) in the grounds at Versailles.

Question 11

The designer of the Petit Trianon was:

A) Marie-Joseph Peyre.
B) Ange-Jacques Gabriel.
C) Jacques-Gabriel Soufflot.
D) Jacques-Denis Antoine.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 12

Pensionnaires were French:

A) architects working for the government.
B) architects working for the king.
C) architectural students studying in Rome.
D) architectural students living in pensions or boarding houses.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 13

The Parisian Hôtel des Monnaies was the:

A) French national bank.
B) royal mint.
C) urban palace of Count Monnaies.
D) equivalent to Fort Knox in the United States.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 14

The dominant feature(s) of the Ecole des Chirurgie:

A) are the hospital wards.
B) is the anatomical theater.
C) is the statue of Chirurgie, the goddess of medicine.
D) are the rooms intended to serve the infirm king.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 15

Entry into the Ecole de Chirurgie is made through a:

A) portico like the Pantheon in Rome.
B) barrel-vaulted vestibule.
C) groin-vaulted foyer.
D) triumphal-archlike gateway.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 16

The most influential of the French theorist-teachers was:

A) Félix Duban.
B) Jacques Gondouin.
C) J.-F. Blondel.
D) Francois Mansart.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 17

The author of A Philosophical Inquiry into the Origins of Our Ideas on the Sublime and Beautiful was:

A) William Kent.
B) Sir Horace Walpole.
C) Lancelot Brown.
D) Edmund Burke.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 18

The term "ordonnance" refers to:

A) the correct form of a building relative to its purpose and social rank.
B) the correct relationship of building parts to one another and to the whole.
C) the proper use of the classical language.
D) architectural fundamentals as represented by the "primitive hut."
E) drawings of ancient buildings.

Question 19

The gardens of Blenheim Palace were laid out by:

A) Lancelot Brown.
B) Horace Walpole.
C) William Kent.
D) Lord Burlington.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 20

The house with Gothic details at Strawberry Hill in Twickenham, near London, was built by:

A) Lord Burlington.
B) William Kent.
C) Horace Walpole.
D) Sanderson Miller.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 21

Strawberry Hill's pendant vaulting was inspired by the:

A) choir vaults at nearby Salisbury Cathedral.
B) retrochoir vaults at Westminster Cathedral.
C) stalactite formations in a cave on the property.
D) Chapel of Henry VII at Westminster Abbey.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 22

The rampant borrowing of forms from the architectural past is called:

A) pragmatism.
B) eclecticism.
C) romanticism.
D) antiquarianism.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 23

Karl Friedrich Schinkel's Neue Wache in Berlin was built as a:

A) royal guard house.
B) royal museum.
C) concert hall.
D) garden pavilion.
E) government office.

Question 24

J.M. Gandy is celebrated for the:

A) gardens he designed for the Charlottenhof.
B) murals he painted in the Bank of England.
C) renderings he did for Sir John Soane.
D) sculpted figures he executed for Karl Friedrich Schinkel.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 25

Thomas Jefferson commissioned Benjamin Henry Latrobe to Washington, D.C., to work on the:

A) Smithsonian Institution.
B) U.S. Capitol.
C) National Cathedral.
D) U.S. Treasury Building.
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 26

Thomas Jefferson's Virginia State Capitol Building was modeled on the:

A) writings of Palladio.
B) Parthenon.
C) Pantheon in Rome.
D) Maison Carreé in Nîmes.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 27

Thomas Jefferson called his University of Virginia campus:

A) the Athens of Virginia.
B) an academical village.
C) a university as Palladio would have designed it.
D) a forum academicum.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 28

Compare the work of the English Neo-Palladians with that of Robert Adam.

Question 29

Discuss Claude-Nicholas Ledoux's interpretation of the architecture of antiquity.

Question 30

Compare the interpretations of classicism by Karl Friedrich Schinkel and Sir John Soane.

Question 31

Discuss the idea of the professional architect as embodied by Benjamin Henry Latrobe and the gentleman-amateur architect as embodied by Thomas Jefferson.