Deck 14: Integrative and Evidence-Based New Generation Therapies

Question 1

According to the chapter on integrative theory, what are three main reasons why such practical diversity in psychotherapy has developed over the years?

A) Theoretical integration, ideological purity, and technical eclecticism.
B) Individuality, cultural diversity, and human conflict.
C) Common factors, multiculturalism, and human conflict.
D) Transtheory, dialectics, and social constructionism.
E) None of the above.

Answer 1

Individuality, cultural diversity, and human conflict.

Question 2

To become the master of a single theory of psychotherapy and not a jack-of-all-trades is the focus of which of the major therapy options?

A) Theoretical integration.
B) Ideological purity.
C) Cultural eclecticism.
D) Common factors.
E) Technical eclecticism.

Answer 2

Ideological purity.

Question 3

Who, starting out as a follower of Adler, later championed meaning as central in psychotherapy and development?

A) Cloe Madanes.
B) Harry Stack Sullivan.
C) Victor Frankl.
D) Both a and b.
E) Both a and c.

Answer 3

Victor Frankl.

Question 4

The four major practice alternatives available to ethical, theory-based counselors and psychotherapists include:

A) Technical eclecticism.
B) Theoretical integration.
C) Ideological purity.
D) All of these are ethical foundations for counseling or psychotherapy practice.
E) Only b and c are ethical; eclecticism is unethical.

Question 5

Historically, most theoretical integrations have involved the integration of which two modalities?

A) Psychoanalysis and humanism.
B) Behaviorism and humanism.
C) Psychoanalysis and cognitive therapy.
D) Person-centered theory and behavior therapy.
E) Psychoanalysis and behaviorism.

Question 6

Gently reexposing a client, under more favorable circumstances, to emotionally situations that he or she couldn't handle in the past is best referred to as which of the following?

A) Retraumatizing.
B) Attachment.
C) Corrective emotional experience.
D) Rapport building.
E) Syncretism.

Question 7

Over the years Jerome Frank has emphasized that people who come for therapy are experiencing what common form(s) of distress?

A) Demoralization.
B) Clinical depression.
C) Therapeutic desensitization.
D) Maladaptive cognitions.
E) All of the above.

Question 8

Jerome Frank's demoralization hypothesis can best be summed up by which of the following statements?

A) A feeling of subjective incompetence, coupled with distress.
B) A sense of usefulness and belonging.
C) A sense of feeling displaced and living in denial.
D) A feeling that one has lost his or her moral compass and is therefore confused about how to make daily decisions.
E) None of the above.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT one of Jerome Frank's shared therapeutic components?

A) A healing setting.
B) An emotionally charged, confiding relationship.
C) A rationale or myth.
D) A therapeutic dialectic.
E) A therapeutic ritual.

Question 10

Which of the following most closely represents the functional parts of a healing setting in effective therapy?

A) An elevation of the therapist's prestige as a healer or helper.
B) A setting that provides a sense of safety for the client.
C) A setting that ensures optimal feng shui.
D) All of the above.
E) Only a and b.

Question 11

When counselors haphazardly select various techniques without any underlying theoretical rationale, this is called:

A) Theoretical eclecticism.
B) Technical eclecticism.
C) Syncretism.
D) Desynchrony.
E) Intuitive counseling.

Question 12

When counselors develop an empirically based rationale for using techniques from various theoretical orientations even though they don't completely adhere to each particular theory, this is called:

A) Theoretical eclecticism.
B) Technical eclecticism.
C) Syncretism.
D) Desynchrony.
E) Intuitive counseling.

Question 13

Therapists who are technically eclectic base their decisions for which techniques to use on which of the following?

A) Intuition.
B) Research.
C) What's practical in a given situation.
D) All of the above.
E) Only b and c.

Question 14

In 1969, Gordon Paul posed which of the following questions?

A) The how can we make it work question.
B) The whohowwhom question.
C) The miracle question.
D) The therapeutic question.
E) The question.

Question 15

Which of the following are the two most behaviorally oriented of the new-generation therapies?

A) EFT and technical eclecticism.
B) DBT and ACT.
C) EMDR and IPT.
D) EMDR and ACT.
E) DBT and IPT.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT considered one of the modalities of human functioning in multimodal therapy?

A) Sensation.
B) Drugs/biology.
C) Unfinished business.
D) Interpersonal relationships.
E) Affect.

Question 17

According to Arnold Lazarus, with respect to technical eclecticism, the most essential ingredients for an effective psychotherapist are___________________.

A) Flexibility and empathy.
B) Versatility and empathy.
C) Flexibility and versatility.
D) Empathy and humor.
E) Adherence to a specific theoretical orientation.

Question 18

There are seven modalities to assess in the multimodal orientation. Which one would you be assessing when asking the question: "What dysfunctional belief does the client need to alter?"

A) Behavior.
B) Sensation.
C) Cognition.
D) Interpersonal relationships.
E) Drugs and biology.

Question 19

Arnold Lazarus referred to shifting a therapeutic style as becoming which of the following?

A) Desensitized.
B) Dysregulated.
C) Fragmented.
D) An authentic chameleon.
E) An authentic therapist.

Question 20

Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) is a treatment modality that has been described in which of the following ways?

A) It's an evidence-based treatment used in treating adults and children who have experienced trauma.
B) It involves making use of a variety of bilateral movements.
C) Some critics have insultingly referred to this treatment as a "power therapy."
D) All of the above.
E) Only a and b.

Question 21

Which theoretical orientations are included within the EMDR approach?

A) Psychoanalytic.
B) Person-centered.
C) Existential.
D) All of the above.
E) Only a and b.

Question 22

In EMDR, the phase of therapy in which the therapist initiates bilateral stimulation is referred to as:

A) Desensitization.
B) Body scan.
C) Closure.
D) Confrontational.
E) The opening.

Question 23

APA's Division 12 lists EMDR as a well-established treatment for which of the following?

A) Acute stress disorder.
B) Noncombat Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.
C) Anxiety disorders.
D) Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.
E) Trichotillomania.

Question 24

Which of the following statements is true about EMDR?

A) It is an evidence-based treatment.
B) The eye movements are essential to its efficacy.
C) It requires little or no formal training.
D) It is restricted and trainings are not typically made available.
E) It has been shown to be a sham therapy.

Question 25

Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) was developed in the 1970s to treat which of the following?

A) Anxiety.
B) Depression.
C) Schizophrenia.
D) Bipolar disorder.
E) Attention-deficit disorder.

Question 26

Which of the following statements is true about interpersonal psychotherapy?

A) It is validated only as a couple counseling treatment.
B) It quickly established itself as an effective treatment for depression in adults, principally due to positive outcomes achieved in one large-scale randomized controlled trial (RCT).
C) It focuses on diagnosing and treating the various interpersonal problems associated with depression.
D) Both a and b.
E) Both b and c.

Question 27

A client comes to you for depression and tells you he has recently become single. Based on the interpersonal psychotherapy for depression model, what interpersonal situation would you attempt to link it to?

A) Grief.
B) Interpersonal role dispute.
C) Role transition.
D) Interpersonal deficit.
E) Maladaptive core belief.

Question 28

Emotion-focused therapy (EFT) combines which of the two theoretical approaches?

A) Person-centered and constructive theory.
B) Person-centered and Gestalt therapy.
C) Jungian and Gestalt therapy.
D) Feminist and choice theory.
E) Interpersonal and psychoanalytic theory.

Question 29

Emotion-focused researchers have noted which of the following?

A) Focusing on emotions nondirectively is healing in and of itself.
B) Empirical evidence suggests that emotions can be transformed by changing one emotion for another emotion.
C) It appears that maladaptive emotional states can be effectively transformed by undoing them with the presence of another, more adaptive emotion.
D) Both a and b.
E) Both b and c.

Question 30

Which statement is the best summary of the empirical status of EFT?

A) It is an empirically supported treatment for depression.
B) It has been shown to be effective in treating Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.
C) It is an empirically supported treatment for schizophrenia.
D) It has no empirical support.
E) There has been one positive study for facilitating forgiveness, but no other controlled research has been conducted.

Question 31

Dialectical behavior therapy was originally developed as a specific treatment for:

A) Women who were exhibiting parasuicidal behavior and suffering from Borderline Personality Disorder.
B) Men who were at risk for violence.
C) Individuals suffering from Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.
D) Individuals suffering from major depressive disorder.
E) None of the above.

Question 32

Individuals with emotional responses that occur more quickly, are more intense, and have a slower return to baseline have characteristics associated with which of the following?

A) Depression.
B) Borderline Personality Disorder.
C) Conduct disorder.
D) Agoraphobia.
E) Attention-deficit disorder.

Question 33

In dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), the therapist might indirectly communicate, "I accept you as you are, and I am helping you to change." This statement is considered an example of:

A) Total confusion.
B) Unconditional positive regard.
C) Countertransference.
D) A radical acceptance therapy stance.
E) Radical respect.

Question 34

Which of the following therapies asks a client to commit to 12 months of psychoeducational skills training in a group format?

A) Acceptance and commitment therapy.
B) Multimodal therapy.
C) Psychoanalysis.
D) Interpersonal psychotherapy.
E) Dialectical behavior therapy.

Question 35

Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is which of the following?

A) Cognitive-behavioral therapy.
B) A type of clinical behavior analysis.
C) A contextual therapy.
D) A humanistic/existential/Gestalt therapy.
E) An integration of all of the above.

Question 36

Adherents to the acceptance and commitment therapy model believe that:

A) Diagnostic reliability should be improved through structured interviewing.
B) Therapy should always begin and end on a positive note.
C) Solution-focused therapists are not therapists.
D) Cognitions must be vigorously disputed.
E) The existing medical models for healthy normality and pathological abnormality are flawed.

Question 37

In what core way does ACT differ from CBT?

A) It actually doesn't differ from CBT.
B) ACT involves questioning the validity of specific cognitions, whereas CBT does not.
C) ACT involves mindful acceptance of the normality of cognitions associated with suffering, whereas CBT emphasizes disputing and eliminating these cognitions.
D) ACT is a person-centered therapy, whereas CBT is not.
E) ACT focuses on behaviors, whereas CBT does not.

Question 38

All of the following are examples of the transtheoretical model of change EXCEPT:

A) Change processes.
B) Stages of change.
C) Levels of change.
D) Consequences of change.
E) These are all examples of the transtheoretical model.

Question 39

The common change process known as counterconditioning is defined as:

A) A focus on personal freedom.
B) Management of environmental stimuli.
C) New learning that overcomes old learning.
D) The healing potential of a helping relationship.
E) Mary Cover Jones's coup de gras.

Question 40

The theoretical origin to the change process of consciousness raising is:

A) Constructive and Adlerian.
B) Behavioral and cognitive.
C) Psychodynamic.
D) Gestalt.
E) Existential.

Question 41

Which of the following is NOT one of Prochaska and DiClemente's stages of change?

A) Contemplation.
B) Precontemplation.
C) Action.
D) Resistance.
E) Termination.

Question 42

James Prochaska identified six stages of change. An individual who wants to get out of a damaging marriage and has obtained a lawyer has arrived at which of the following stages?

A) Precontemplation.
B) Maintenance.
C) Termination.
D) Contemplation.
E) Action.