Deck 3: A Meeting of Cultures

Question 1

By 1750, which group dominated much of North America?

A) European colonists
B) African slaves
C) Native Americans
D) Russian fur traders

Answer 1

Native Americans

Question 2

Of the following groups, which did NOT have more than a century's experience dealing with the Europeans and their American-born descendants?

A) the Pueblos
B) the Hurons
C) the Algonquians
D) the Micmacs

Answer 2

the Micmacs

Question 3

More than any other European colonists, which group sought direct control over Indians who labored in their mines or in their fields?

A) the French
B) the Spanish
C) the Russians
D) the English

Answer 3

the Spanish

Question 4

One of the Spaniards' most important methods of labor control was the ________.

A) encomienda
B) repartimiento
C) recate
D) conquistador

Question 5

Repartimiento refers to the Spanish policy of:

A) dividing colonies into administrative districts.
B) allowing influential Spaniards to collect tribute from Indians.
C) forcing Indians to work on public projects.
D) sending profits from colonial enterprises back to Spain.

Question 6

This group was among the most successful in adapting to the Native American understanding of trade, for they knew that good relations were essential to maintaining and increasing their business.

A) the French
B) the English
C) the Spanish
D) the Italians

Question 7

The Indians who traded with the Dutch in New Netherlands were devastated by what disease?

A) smallpox
B) typhoid
C) malaria
D) whooping cough

Question 8

The Beaver Wars were fought between the Hurons and the:

A) Apaches.
B) Cherokees.
C) Micmacs.
D) Iroquois.

Question 9

The Dutch supplied which group with guns during the Beaver Wars?

A) the British
B) the Iroquois
C) the Hurons
D) the Algonquians

Question 10

Which tribe moved often to take advantage of the land's diversity?

A) the Mohawks
B) the Hurons
C) the Algonquians
D) the Oneidas

Question 11

Disputes between Europeans and Indians frequently arose from misunderstandings about:

A) culture and ethics.
B) religion.
C) definition of land ownership and property rights.
D) distribution of food.

Question 12

What had Indians done for many years to make the land suitable for hunting and travel that colonial laws prohibited?

A) flooding the land
B) burning parts of the forest
C) building temporary structures
D) marking territory

Question 13

Settlers occasionally obtained land by what unethical method, as evidenced by the Delaware Indian case of 1686?

A) stealing
B) destruction
C) barter
D) fraud

Question 14

Property rights among the Indians were held:

A) collectively.
B) by the chief only.
C) privately by individuals.
D) by oral agreement.

Question 15

William Penn acquired land from the Indians:

A) by force.
B) through gambling.
C) by paying for it.
D) none of the above

Question 16

Who gained land from the Delaware Indians using an inauthentic deed?

A) Penn
B) Williams
C) Winthrop
D) Logan

Question 17

Spain's religious missionaries to America represented which religion?

A) Catholicism
B) Protestantism
C) Quakerism
D) Lutheranism

Question 18

Franciscan missionaries insisted that Indian converts:

A) live as brothers.
B) go to church every Sunday.
C) abandon their former ways of life and adopt everything from Spanish culture and life.
D) go to confession regularly.

Question 19

People of mixed Indian and Spanish descent were called:

A) mestizos.
B) mulattos.
C) marzipans.
D) makos.

Question 20

Protestant missionaries were most active in __________ colonies.

A) English
B) Spanish
C) French
D) Portuguese

Question 21

King Philip:

A) led a successful rebellion.
B) was the leader of the Mohawks.
C) was killed by the English.
D) renounced violence.

Question 22

Bacon's Rebellion took place in:

A) New England.
B) Pennsylvania.
C) Carolina.
D) Virginia.

Question 23

The Pueblo Revolt took place in:

A) New Mexico.
B) Texas.
C) Arizona.
D) Colorado.

Question 24

The English called which Indian leader King Philip?

A) Massasoit
B) Metacom
C) Squanto
D) Maroset

Question 25

William Berkeley was governor of:

A) Carolina.
B) Maryland.
C) Virginia.
D) Pennsylvania.

Question 26

Counterattacks by these Indians prompted Bacon to lead attacks against all Indians.

A) Powhattans
B) Cherokees
C) Susquehannocks
D) Crees

Question 27

Rebels led by Nathaniel Bacon burned what colonial city?

A) Williamsburg
B) Philadelphia
C) Jamestown
D) Norfolk

Question 28

Popé was a leader within which Indian tribe?

A) Apaches
B) Navajos
C) Sioux
D) Pueblos

Question 29

Most Africans came to America as:

A) indentured servants.
B) fur traders.
C) Christian missionaries.
D) slaves.

Question 30

Which of the following regions received the smallest number of African slaves between 1451 and 1810?

A) British mainland colonies
B) Brazil
C) West Indies
D) Spanish America

Question 31

Labor costs in America were:

A) about the same as in Europe.
B) lower than in Europe.
C) higher than in Europe.
D) raised due to the supply of slaves.

Question 32

Land costs in America were:

A) about the same as in Europe.
B) higher than in Europe.
C) lower than in Europe.
D) inflated by the Indians to make a profit.

Question 33

Slavery ended first in:

A) southern Europe.
B) northern Europe.
C) the Middle East.
D) the British mainland colonies.

Question 34

The majority of slaves traded by Arabs in southern Europe and the Middle East were:

A) Christians.
B) Muslims.
C) Catholics.
D) none of the above

Question 35

The first people forced into slavery in America by the Europeans were:

A) Africans.
B) Indians.
C) convicts.
D) the Moors.

Question 36

The Arabic word for slave, 'abd, became synonymous with:

A) black man.
B) infidel.
C) non-Muslim.
D) African.

Question 37

Arab traders looked where for slaves who were neither Christian nor Muslim?

A) West Africa
B) Sub-Saharan Africa
C) North Africa
D) the Caribbean

Question 38

Which groups first brought African slaves to America?

A) Spanish and Portuguese
B) English and French
C) Dutch and English
D) Spanish and Quakers

Question 39

Most enslaved Africans came from ________ Africa.

A) North
B) East
C) Southern
D) West

Question 40

Slaves who could not escape while still in Africa suffered through a lengthy voyage called:

A) the Middle Passage.
B) the Long Journey.
C) the 'abd.
D) none of the above

Question 41

In 1750, the smallest number of Africans lived in:

A) the British West Indies.
B) the Lower South.
C) the middle colonies.
D) New England.

Question 42

In 1750, the largest number of Africans lived in:

A) the British West Indies.
B) the Lower South.
C) the middle colonies.
D) the Chesapeake region.

Question 43

Georgia was founded as a refuge for:

A) Christians.
B) runaway slaves.
C) English debtors.
D) newly-free indentured servants.

Question 44

The only crop to turn a profit in the early history of Georgia was:

A) tobacco.
B) rice.
C) cotton.
D) none of the above

Question 45

The laws governing slavery were called the:

A) slave laws.
B) black codes.
C) slave codes.
D) none of the above

Question 46

The first generation of slaves in America is referred to as:

A) the charter generation.
B) slave forefathers.
C) the genesis generation.
D) none of the above

Question 47

Of the following, which is NOT one of the developments that had to occur in order for slaves to make close ties with other slaves in America?

A) Slaves had to become sufficiently numerous in specific localities so that black people could have regular contact with one another.
B) Ethnic and language barriers had to erode so slaves could communicate with one another.
C) Slaves had to be allowed to practice their own religions.
D) There had to be adequate numbers of slave women as well as men.

Question 48

Slaves were far more numerous in which colonies?

A) Northern colonies
B) Southern colonies
C) Florida
D) Canada

Question 49

Which slave population lived longer than African immigrants?

A) Creole slave population
B) the charter slave population
C) the female slave population
D) none of the above

Question 50

By the late eighteenth century, what percentage of Chesapeake and Carolina slaves lived in family groups?

A) 25%
B) 30%
C) 40%
D) more than 50%

Question 51

Slaves:

A) sought to forge community ties and preserve elements of their African heritage.
B) eschewed everything that reminded them of Africa.
C) converted to Christianity in large numbers.
D) converted to Islam.

Question 52

Family ties for slaves made life more tolerable, but hindered:

A) escape plans.
B) the work structure.
C) relationships with masters.
D) education.

Question 53

What was the rarest form of slave resistance?

A) organized rebellion
B) poisoning of a plantation family
C) running away
D) none of the above

Question 54

What was the largest slave uprising?

A) Stono Rebellion
B) Yoruba Rebellion
C) Nat Turner's Rebellion
D) none of the above

Question 55

In 1712, in New York City, black people made up what percentage of the population?

A) 5%
B) 10%
C) 20%
D) 25%

Question 56

In 1750, indentured servitude was most common in:

A) New England.
B) the Lower South.
C) the Chesapeake region.
D) the middle colonies.

Question 57

Chesapeake planters used this unfree labor source:

A) English convicts.
B) Irish convicts.
C) children.
D) unwed mothers.

Question 58

Which group used the redemptioner system most often?

A) the English
B) the Irish
C) the Germans
D) American-born slaves

Question 59

German immigrants were most likely to immigrate to:

A) New England.
B) the West Indies.
C) Pennsylvania.
D) Virginia.

Question 60

Merchants often paid fishermen in New England on a:

A) wage system.
B) credit system.
C) contract system.
D) fixed schedule system.

Question 61

By 1770, most non-Indian inhabitants of the mainland colonies were:

A) African.
B) Scots-Irish.
C) German.
D) English.

Question 62

In 1770, the second-largest ethnic group in the British mainland colonies was:

A) English.
B) African.
C) German.
D) Irish.

Question 63

Northern farmers primarily relied upon ________ for labor.

A) slaves
B) indentured servants
C) hired hands
D) their children

Question 64

Which group, numbering 100,000, came from continental Europe to avoid war, economic hardship, and religious persecution?

A) German Protestants
B) Irish Catholics
C) French Protestants
D) Huguenots

Question 65

Emigrants flowed to places where:

A) there were many slaves.
B) land was cheap and labor most in demand.
C) there were similar kinds of people.
D) the best land was.

Question 66

Which event happened first?

A) establishment of Georgia
B) first Africans arrive in the North American colonies
C) King Philip's War
D) Tuscarora War

Question 67

Which event happened last?

A) Pequot War
B) Bacon's Rebellion
C) Pueblo Revolt
D) peak of African immigration to English colonies

Question 68

The first Africans arrived in Virginia in:

A) 1419.
B) 1519.
C) 1619.
D) 1719.

Question 69

Georgia was established in:

A) 1632.
B) 1732.
C) 1752.
D) 1782.

Question 70

The Pequot War in New England took place in:

A) 1587.
B) 1637.
C) 1687.
D) 1737.

Question 71

The Stono Rebellion in South Carolina took place in:

A) 1639.
B) 1689.
C) 1739.
D) 1789.

Question 72

Describe how and why most slaves were brought to America.

Question 73

How were the lives of slaves and indentured servants similar? Different?

Question 74

Describe how the lives of slaves differed with respect to where they lived.

Question 75

How did settlers use trade as a means to control Indians?

Question 76

Analyze the evolution of the black family unit in America.

Question 77

Was indentured servitude beneficial to those who entered into that servitude?

Question 78

In what ways did the colonists fear their slave labor force? Describe specific instances where their fears came true.

Question 79

In what ways did geography and economics affect each colonial region's choice of labor supply?

Question 80

Analyze the different attempts at conversion made by Protestants and Catholics in the New World. Which group was more successful and why?