Deck 10: Immunological Tests

Question 1

Humoral immunity consists of
1) T and B cells.
2) antibodies.
3) granulocytes.
4) complement system.

A) 1 and 3
B) 2 and 4
C) 1, 2, and 3
D) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Answer 1

2 and 4

Question 2

The production of cytokines is due to activation of ______________ immunity.

A) cell-mediated
B) humoral
C) homeostasis
D) surveillance

Answer 2

cell-mediated

Question 3

If you were a T cell, where would you have spent your growing years?

A) Bone marrow
B) Blood
C) Thyroid
D) Thymus

Answer 3

Thymus

Question 4

The function of cytokines is to

A) produce antibodies.
B) detect receptors on foreign antigen.
C) communicate with and regulate other immune cells.
D) recognize and attack foreign antigen.

Question 5

Which antibody displays the greatest avidity?

A) IgG
B) IgD
C) IgA
D) IgM

Question 6

A good example of the cross reactivity of antibodies is

A) immunization.
B) ABO typing of human blood.
C) serotyping of enteric pathogens.
D) monoclonal antibodies.

Question 7

Monoclonal antibodies differ from polyclonal antibodies in their

A) applications.
B) production.
C) high specificity.
D) avidity.

Question 8

The image provided is an example of a/an _________________ test.

A) agglutination
B) precipitation
C) complement fixation
D) immunoelectrophoresis

Question 9

The top image provided is an example of a/an __________________ test.
Source: CDC

A) precipitation
B) double diffusion
C) agglutination
D) flocculation

Question 10

A potential source(s) of error when using nephelometry to detect the presence of antibodies in serum includes all of the following except

A) prozone or postzone effect.
B) hemolysis.
C) lipemia.
D) fingerprints on the test tube.

Question 11

Using the image provided, interpret the results depicted.

Key to image: H Ab = Histoplasma capsulatum antibodies, H Ag = extract of
Histoplasma capsulatum, B Ag = extract of Blastomyces dermatitidis

A) The B. dermatitidis extract shows the presence of an antigen that cross reacts with the antibodies present.
B) The antigens present in the B) dermatitidis and H. capsulatum extracts are partially cross reactive.
C) The H. capsulatum extract shows a non-identity reaction with the antibodies
D) The H. capsulatum extract shows the presence of two antigens that cross react with the antibodies present.

Question 12

Review the image provided and interpret the direct fluorescent antibody reaction observed.
Source: CDC, Maxine Jalbert, Dr. Leo Kaufman

A) Positive for yeast
B) Negative for yeast
C) Positive for gram-positive cocci
D) Negative for gram-positive cocci

Question 13

Given the following image, determine the optimal means to measure the amount of antibody present in serum.
Source: Microrao

A) Visually
B) With the use of a spectrophotometer
C) By flow cytometry
D) Using a nephelometer

Question 14

Using the image provided, which of following diseases is represented in the results of this zone electrophoresis test?
Source: Steven Fruitsmaak

A) Syphilis
B) Rheumatoid arthritis
C) HIV
D) Multiple myeloma

Question 15

Using a capillary tube, a layer of organism suspension is placed over a layer of Group A Streptococcus antiserum. If the two are homologous, a precipitin ring will appear

A) in the area of prozone.
B) in the area of postzone.
C) in the zone of equivalence.
D) throughout the tube.

Question 16

What is the effect of skipping the washing steps in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay?

A) Lack of affinifty
B) Lack of avidity
C) False negative reactions
D) False positive reactions

Question 17

Forgetting to heat the test serum prior to performing a complement fixation test will result in a

A) false negative result due to prozone.
B) false positive due to postzone.
C) false positive due to interfering complement.
D) false negative due to the lack of complement.

Question 18

A serological reaction where organism cells clump as a result of an antibody reaction with antigens on the cell surface is called

A) hemagglutination.
B) immunofluorescence.
C) agglutination.
D) precipitation.

Question 19

A serological reaction where soluable antigen may form an antigen-antibody complex that becomes too large to stay in solution is called

A) agglutination.
B) hemagglutination.
C) precipitation.
D) immunofluorescence.

Question 20

An organism whose biochemical reactions are compatible with a Salmonella was isolated from a stool specimen. However, the organism fails to agglutinate with Salmonella antisera. You should

A) boil the organism for 10 minutes and retest.
B) repeat the biochemical tests.
C) report as Salmonella spp., nontypable.
D) report as No Salmonella spp. isolated.