Deck 17: Species Diversity

Question 1

Diversity indices are

A) Graphical plots of numbers of individuals against rank
B) A measure of the numbers of species in an area and the relative distributions of individuals among species
C) A measure of species richness
D) Measures of species individuality
E) Equivalent to the inverse of species richness

Answer 1

A measure of the numbers of species in an area and the relative distributions of individuals among species

Question 2

A community has three species, one with 30 individuals, one with 70, and the last with 100. What is the value of the Gini-Simpson index?

A) 0.0225
B) 0.1225
C) 0.395
D) 0.5
E) 0.605

Answer 2

0.605

Question 3

A community has four species, two with 20 individuals and two with 30 individuals. What is the value of the Shannon index?

A) -0.322
B) -1.0
C) 1.366
D) 0.039
E) 0.666

Answer 3

1.366

Question 4

Which measure of diversity has the best discriminant ability?

A) Species richness
B) Gini-Simpson
C) Berger-Parker
D) Brillouin
E) Shannon

Question 5

Which measure of diversity has the lowest sensitivity to sample size?

A) Species richness
B) Gini-Simpson
C) Shannon
D) Brillouin

Question 6

There are five species in a community of 100 individuals. Species 1 has 40 individuals, and species 2-5 each have 15 individuals. What is H_max?

A) -0.366
B) -0.285
C) -0.322
D) 1.609
E) 1.138

Question 7

Which diversity index is calculated using this equation: - $\Sigma$ p_ilnp_i

A) Jaccard
B) Gini-Simpson
C) Simple matching
D) Dominance
E) Shannon

Question 8

There are five species in a community of 100 individuals. Species 1 has 40 individuals, and species 2-5 each have 15 individuals. What is the evenness of the community?

A) 1.138
B) 1.287
C) -5.15
D) 1.504
E) 1.609

Question 9

What is the effective number of species if there are three species in a community, two with 20 individuals and one with 10 individuals?

A) 0.36
B) 0.64
C) 2.78
D) 1.56
E) 3

Question 10

When species proportional abundance in a community is plotted against species rank, the result is termed

A) Evenness
B) Species diversity
C) The effective number of species
D) A rank abundance diagram
E) The lognormal distribution

Question 11

If a community exhibits lognormal rank abundance then we may conclude there are

A) A large number of rare species, a large number of common species and a few species of intermediate rank
B) A few rare species, a few common species and a large number of species of intermediate rank
C) A few rare species and a large number of very common species
D) A few common species and a large number of rare species
E) Rare species are very common

Question 12

The most equitable rank abundance plot is the

A) MacArthur fraction
B) Random fraction
C) Lognormal
D) Dominance pre-emption

Question 13

In the Park grass experiment in England, continued fertilization changed the rank abundance plot of plants from ________ to ________.

A) MacArthur fraction, lognormal
B) Random fraction, MacArthur fraction
C) Lognormal, dominance pre-emption
D) Dominance pre-emption, random fraction
E) Dominant, even

Question 14

If the number of species present in both communities is 12, and community 1 has 5 unique species and community 2 has 3 unique species, what is the Jaccard community similarity index?

A) 12
B) 9
C) 0.6
D) 0.36
E) 4

Question 15

If the number of species present in both communities is 12, and community 1 has 5 unique species and community 2 has 3 unique species, what is the Sorensen community similarity index?

A) 0.75
B) 2.67
C) 0.6
D) 0.36
E) 16

Question 16

Most communities grade into each other continuously rather than form distinct, clearly separated groups.

Question 17

Information statistic indices are more influenced by rare species than are dominance indices.

Question 18

The lower the value of the Shannon index, the higher the community diversity.

Question 19

The Brillouin index has better discriminate ability than the Shannon index.

Question 20

The view that species in an area are usually associated in to one structured, functioning community is known as the organismic model.

Question 21

In higher levels of abiotic stress, values of the Berger-Parker Index tend to decrease.

Question 22

Community A contains two species of birds, each with 10 individuals. Community B contains one species with 18 individuals and four species with one individual. Community B is more diverse as measured by the Shannon Index.