Deck 5: Temperature

Question 1

In corals, a close correspondence is observed between the limits of distribution and the __________ isotherm in the _________ month of the year.

A) 15°C; coldest
B) 20°C; coldest
C) 25°C; coldest
D) 20°C; warmest
E) 25°C; warmest

Answer 1

20°C; coldest

Question 2

Animals which generate their own heat are known as

A) ectotherms.
B) endotherms.
C) homeotherms.
D) heterotherms.

Answer 2

endotherms.

Question 3

What is the term for organisms whose body temperatures vary widely with environmental conditions?

A) ectotherms.
B) endotherms.
C) homeotherms.
D) heterotherms.

Answer 3

heterotherms.

Question 4

Lizards are generally

A) ectothermic and homeothermic.
B) endothermic and homeothermic.
C) ectothermic and heterothermmic.
D) endothermic and heterothermic.

Question 5

The northern boundary of the wild madder plant corresponds to the ________ January isotherm.

A) -4°C
B) 4.5°C
C) 10°C
D) 15°C
E) 20°C

Question 6

The ability to withstand freezing in some plants is due to ________ in their cell water.

A) glycerol
B) antifreeze
C) sodium
D) potassium

Question 7

Which cyanide producing plant is limited to the warmer areas of Europe because frost damage releases toxins into its tissues?

A) wild madder
B) Saguaro cacti
C) Colias hecla
D) white clover
E) Desmodus rotundus

Question 8

The cyanide producing plant, white clover, is limited to the warmer areas of Europe because

A) extreme cold freezes its roots.
B) frost damage releases toxins into its tissues.
C) extreme heat produces too many heat shock proteins.
D) extreme heat causes the leaves to wither.
E) extreme cold causes a frost drought

Question 9

The discomfort you feel on a humid day is due to the failure of

A) radiation.
B) conduction.
C) convection.
D) evporation.

Question 10

The pattern that, among closely related mammals, the larger species occur in colder environments is known as

A) Darwin's rule.
B) Allen's rule.
C) Cope's rule.
D) Bergmann's rule.
E) Glock's rule.

Question 11

Wind-chill refers to heat loss by

A) radiation and conduction.
B) convection and conduction.
C) conduction and evaporation.
D) radiation and convection.
E) evaporation and convection.

Question 12

Heat shock proteins, which prevent misfolded protein aggregates, can be found in

A) bacteria.
B) plants.
C) invertebrates.
D) mammals.
E) All of these.

Question 13

Cacti survive arid habitats by having

A) few leaves and large stems which store water.
B) long roots.
C) a rapid annual life cycle which produces heat resistant seeds.
D) both a and
E) both a, b and

Question 14

Apart from central Florida, the highest frequency of thunderstorms in the U.S is found in.

A) Texas.
B) California.
C) Colorado
D) Connecticut.
E) Oklahoma.

Question 15

Local variations in climate within a given area are known as

A) miniclimate.
B) macro-climate.
C) microclimate.
D) maxiclimate.
E) None of these.

Question 16

Which of the following are atmospheric greenhouse gases?

A) methane
B) carbon dioxide
C) nitrous oxide
D) chlorofluorocarbons
E) all of the choices

Question 17

What is a major consequence for plants and animals if current predictions of global warming are accurate?

A) Rates of natural selection will increase at the same pace.
B) New continental land masses will appear.
C) Water will be more widely available for plants and animals.
D) Anticipated changes in climate will occur faster than many organisms can move or adapt.
E) Many plants and animals will become smaller.

Question 18

The most significant greenhouse gas is

A) water vapor.
B) carbon dioxide.
C) methane.
D) nitrous oxide.
E) chlorofluorocarbons.

Question 19

Which gas has the lowest warming potential per unit of gas?

A) carbon dioxide
B) methane
C) nitrous oxide
D) chlorofluorocarbons

Question 20

We have good data on atmospheric CO₂ concentrations in Hawaii since

A) 1957.
B) 1965.
C) 1973.
D) 1982.
E) 1995.

Question 21

Data from Hawaii shows a more than _______% increase in atmospheric CO₂ in just _______ years.

A) 10; 20
B) 20; 46
C) 10; 46
D) 20; 20
E) 46; 20

Question 22

Compared to the year 2000, how long will it take the atmospheric levels of CO₂ to double?

A) 10 years
B) 20 years
C) 50 years
D) by the end of the 21^st century
E) by the end of the 22^nd century

Question 23

Sea level rise due to global warming over the past century is thought to be in the range

A) 1-5 cm.
B) 5-10 cm.
C) 10-25 cm.
D) 25-50 cm.
E) 1-3 m.

Question 24

Studies in Great Britain that compared the northern limit of a variety of species between the 1960's and 1990's showed an average northwards shift of between

A) 5-10 km.
B) 10-20 km.
C) 30-60 km.
D) 75-100 km.
E) > 100 km.

Question 25

In counter-current heat exchange heat loss is maximized in the extremities.

Question 26

Animal species living in colder environments tend to have shorter appendages than those living in warmer environments.

Question 27

DNA polymerase, used in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), comes from the bacteria Thermus aquaticus.

Question 28

The greenhouse effect which warms the earth is natural.

Question 29

The movement of plants northward following global warming may be facilitated by sales from commercial nurseries.

Question 30

In a globally warmed world, studies predict that most predator-prey or insect-plant interactions will still be synchronous.

Question 31

Match the life history stage most resistant to heat with its taxa.

-resting spores

A) fungi
B) Nematodes
C) plants

Question 32

Match the life history stage most resistant to heat with its taxa.

-cysts

A) fungi
B) Nematodes
C) plants

Question 33

Match the life history stage most resistant to heat with its taxa.

-seeds

A) fungi
B) Nematodes
C) plants

Question 34

Match the following terms with their definitions.

-convection

A) the emission of electromagnetic waves by the surface of objects.
B) the transfer of heat by the movement of adjacent air or water.
C) the loss of water and heat from plant leaves or an organism's body.

Question 35

Match the following terms with their definitions.

-evaporation

A) the emission of electromagnetic waves by the surface of objects.
B) the transfer of heat by the movement of adjacent air or water.
C) the loss of water and heat from plant leaves or an organism's body.

Question 36

Match the following terms with their definitions.

-radiation

A) the emission of electromagnetic waves by the surface of objects.
B) the transfer of heat by the movement of adjacent air or water.
C) the loss of water and heat from plant leaves or an organism's body.