Deck 2: Population Genetics

Question 1

The first person to publish a theory that species change over time was

A) Plato
B) Lamarck
C) Darwin
D) Wallace
E) Mendel

Answer 1

Lamarck

Question 2

Charles Robert Darwin

A) had a thorough understanding of genetics.
B) sailed on a three year survey around the world.
C) examined fossil beds in China.
D) formulated a theory of natural selection.
E) knew little of geological change.

Answer 2

formulated a theory of natural selection.

Question 3

Malthus proposed that because the earth was not overrun by humans they must be limited by

A) food shortage, disease, war.
B) natural selection.
C) survival of the fittest.
D) evolution.
E) Adaptation.

Answer 3

Adaptation.

Question 4

Over long periods of time, natural selection leads to

A) mutation.
B) adaptation.
C) hybridization.
D) dominance.
E) true breeding lines.

Question 5

In polluted areas ________ forms of peppered moths are __________ conspicuous to birds on __________ tree trunks.

A) normal; more; lichen-covered
B) melanic; less; lichen-covered
C) melanic; less; dark-colored
D) melanic; more; dark-colored
E) all the above statements are false

Question 6

An individual with two identical copies of a gene is said to be

A) homozygous
B) heterozygous
C) dominant
D) recessive
E) segregated

Question 7

What is NOT one of the nucleotide bases that make-up double-stranded DNA base pairs?

A) Adenine
B) Proline
C) Thymine
D) Guanine
E) Cytosine

Question 8

When a chromosome breaks in two places and the middle segment turns around and refuses with the same pieces, we call this a(n)

A) Duplication
B) Transversion
C) Deletion
D) Inversion
E) Translocation

Question 9

The Hardy-Weinberg equation states that p² +2pq + q² = 1; the genotype frequency of heterozygotes is represented by

A) p²
B) 2pq
C) q²
D) p² + q²
E) p² + 2pq

Question 10

The percentage of individuals exhibiting a recessive disease in a population is 0.04, which is 4% based on a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. What percentage of individuals would be expected to be heterozygous carriers?

A) 48
B) 40
C) 60
D) 24
E) 4

Question 11

In which plant mating system would genetic variability decline slowest?

A) self fertilization.
B) mating with brothers or sisters.
C) mating with cousins.
D) mating with second cousins.
E) mating with unrelated individuals.

Question 12

A recent genetic analysis has shown that at one point, as few as _____ Florida panthers were alive.

A) 6
B) 20
C) 40
D) 80
E) 120

Question 13

The decline in the numbers of greater prairie chickens in Illinois in the late 20^th century was a striking example of

A) genetic drift.
B) inbreeding.
C) an extinction vortex.
D) a and b
E) b and c

Question 14

Studies on the Glanville fritillary butterfly in Finland showed that just one generation of brother-sister mating causes

A) increased number of eggs to be laid.
B) increased hatching of eggs.
C) reduced caterpillar survival.
D) increased caterpillar parasitism.
E) increased genetic variability.

Question 15

Robert Lacey showed that in a population of 120 individuals, at least ______ immigrant(s) every generation would be sufficient to counter genetic drift.

A) 0.1
B) 0.5
C) 1
D) 2
E) 5

Question 16

Elephant seals have a smaller effective population size than real population size due to the effects of

A) inbreeding.
B) genetic drift.
C) a harem mating structure.
D) an extinction vortex.
E) All of these

Question 17

The best explanation for species distributions is that each region supports the fauna and flora best adapted to it.

Question 18

The inheritance of acquired characteristics suggests that a person who became strong through lifting weights would pass this trait on to his or her children.

Question 19

Alfred Russel Wallace was a co-discoverer of evolutionary theory.

Question 20

Match the type of chromosome mutation with its effect.

-Duplication

A) loss of part of the chromosome
B) added amount of some genes
C) chromosome breakage, re-positioning and re-fusing
D) the exchange of segments between two non-homologous chromosomes

Question 21

Match the type of chromosome mutation with its effect.

-Deletion

A) loss of part of the chromosome
B) added amount of some genes
C) chromosome breakage, re-positioning and re-fusing
D) the exchange of segments between two non-homologous chromosomes

Question 22

Match the type of chromosome mutation with its effect.

-Inversion

A) loss of part of the chromosome
B) added amount of some genes
C) chromosome breakage, re-positioning and re-fusing
D) the exchange of segments between two non-homologous chromosomes

Question 23

Match the type of chromosome mutation with its effect.

-Translocation

A) loss of part of the chromosome
B) added amount of some genes
C) chromosome breakage, re-positioning and re-fusing
D) the exchange of segments between two non-homologous chromosomes

Question 24

Match the scientist with their discovery

-Darwin

A) natural selection
B) theory of population growth
C) transformism
D) inheritance

Question 25

Match the scientist with their discovery

-Mendel

A) natural selection
B) theory of population growth
C) transformism
D) inheritance

Question 26

Match the scientist with their discovery

-Malthus

A) natural selection
B) theory of population growth
C) transformism
D) inheritance

Question 27

Match the scientist with their discovery

-Lamarck

A) natural selection
B) theory of population growth
C) transformism
D) inheritance

Question 28

Match the continents with their fauna

-South America

A) sloths, anteaters, armadillos, monkeys with prehensile tails
B) zebra, giraffes, lions, baboons, okapi, aardvark
C) bats, Tasmanian devil, wombat, duck-billed platypus, echidna

Question 29

Match the continents with their fauna

-Australia

A) sloths, anteaters, armadillos, monkeys with prehensile tails
B) zebra, giraffes, lions, baboons, okapi, aardvark
C) bats, Tasmanian devil, wombat, duck-billed platypus, echidna

Question 30

Match the continents with their fauna

-Africa

A) sloths, anteaters, armadillos, monkeys with prehensile tails
B) zebra, giraffes, lions, baboons, okapi, aardvark
C) bats, Tasmanian devil, wombat, duck-billed platypus, echidna

Question 31

Match the following names with their definitions.

-Allee effect

A) mating between closely related individuals
B) random changes in allele frequencies over time
C) the number of individuals that contribute genes to future populations
D) the likelihood that, in a small population, some individuals will fail to mate successfully

Question 32

Match the following names with their definitions.

-Effective population size

A) mating between closely related individuals
B) random changes in allele frequencies over time
C) the number of individuals that contribute genes to future populations
D) the likelihood that, in a small population, some individuals will fail to mate successfully

Question 33

Match the following names with their definitions.

-Genetic drift

A) mating between closely related individuals
B) random changes in allele frequencies over time
C) the number of individuals that contribute genes to future populations
D) the likelihood that, in a small population, some individuals will fail to mate successfully

Question 34

Match the following names with their definitions.

-Inbreeding

A) mating between closely related individuals
B) random changes in allele frequencies over time
C) the number of individuals that contribute genes to future populations
D) the likelihood that, in a small population, some individuals will fail to mate successfully