Deck 12: Individuals and Families of Latin American and Latino Descent

Question 1

U.S. Latinas/os represent roughly __________ countries.

A) 7
B) 9
C) 15
D) 19

Answer 1

19

Question 2

U.S. Latinas/os are considered to be a

A) family-centered, individualistic culture.
B) individually-centered, collectivistic culture.
C) family-centered, collectivistic culture.
D) individually-centered, individualistic culture.

Answer 2

family-centered, collectivistic culture.

Question 3

The preferred term for Latinas/os and those of Latina/o heritage living in the United States is

A) Hispanic.
B) Latina/o.
C) Hispanic American.
D) It varies from individual to individual.

Answer 3

It varies from individual to individual.

Question 4

U.S. Latinas/os currently account for about __________ of the U.S. population.

A) 4.5%
B) 12.1%
C) 17.4%
D) 24.1%

Question 5

Which of the following statements is FALSE for the general U.S. Latina/o population? On average,

A) U.S. Latinas/os work in lower skilled occupations than their non-Latina/o peers.
B) the unemployment rate is higher for U.S. Latinas/os than their non-Latina/o peers.
C) the median age is higher for U.S. Latinas/os than their non-Latina/o peers.
D) U.S. Latinas/os are more likely to live below the poverty line than their non-Latina/o peers.

Question 6

U.S. Latinas/os of Mexican heritage make up about __________ of the U.S. Latina/o population.

A) 33%
B) 50%
C) 64%
D) 75%

Question 7

Which of the following is FALSE when considering the experiences of U.S. Latinas/os of Mexican heritage?

A) Many report being discriminated against on the job.
B) High school drop out rates are higher than for non-Latina/o peers.
C) Individuals of Mexican heritage have positively impacted U.S. society.
D) Most are in the United States illegally.

Question 8

Which of the following is TRUE for U.S. Latinas/os of Puerto Rican heritage?

A) 99% are U.S. citizens.
B) They are evenly dispersed throughout major metropolitan centers in the U.S.
C) As a whole, they have a lower income than U.S. Latinas/os of Mexican heritage.
D) They lag behind U.S. Latinas/os of Cuban heritage with regard to educational attainment.

Question 9

Which two events account for a majority of immigration activity in relation to U.S. Latinas/os of Cuban Heritage?

A) Fidel Castro's rise to power in 1959 and the Cuban Missile Crisis.
B) The fall of the USSR and the 1980 Mariel Boatlift.
C) The 1980 Mariel Boatlift and the Cuban Missile Crisis.
D) Fidel Castro's rise to power in 1959 and the 1980 Mariel Boatlift.

Question 10

__________ is NOT represented in the U.S. by at least 500,000 U.S. Latinas/os:

A) Argentina
B) Colombia
C) Dominican Republic
D) El Salvador

Question 11

The shared worldview of U.S. Latinas/os can be attributed to

A) identifying as immigrants.
B) Spanish language usage.
C) the role of religion and spirituality.
D) All of the above.

Question 12

With relation to Spanish dominance, which of the following groups is LEAST likely to indicate Spanish as their dominant or preferred language?

A) First-generation U.S. Latinas/os
B) Second-generation U.S. Latinas/os
C) Third-generation U.S. Latinas/os
D) All of the above equally.

Question 13

The majority of U.S. Latinas/os self-identify as

A) Protestant Christian.
B) Roman Catholic.
C) Jewish.
D) Muslim.

Question 14

Which of the following is TRUE with regard to the influence of immigration status for U.S. Latinas/os?

A) Immigration status becomes much less of a concern once the individual has become a U.S. resident or citizen.
B) Immigration status is connected to being considered for in-state college tuition rates.
C) Being considered for federal student financial aid is guaranteed for all U.S. Latinas/os high school graduates and college students regardless of immigration status.
D) Becoming a legal U.S. resident or citizen removes the "immigration status" stigma for U.S. Latinas/os.

Question 15

Orientation to gender roles in Latino culture is based on

A) marianismo and machismo.
B) marianismo and the Women's Liberation Movement.
C) machismo and the Women's Liberation Movement.
D) machismo and religion/spirituality.

Question 16

By definition, familismo is represented by which of the following statements?

A) It is important to think for oneself and become independent.
B) One should consider parents and other family members when making decisions.
C) Children are not considered important members of the family.
D) Familismo can be traced back to the indigenous cultures of Latin America.

Question 17

Though familismo is seen as a positive trait by first-generation U.S. Latinas/os, second-generation U.S. Latinas/os may not feel as favorable toward it, because second-generation U.S. Latinas/os may

A) not like their parents meddling in their business.
B) feel that familismo disrespects their autonomy.
C) resent the notion they must sacrifice their own interests for the family.
D) don't like the connection of familismo to Latin America's colonial period.

Question 18

__________ is closest the counseling notion of "rapport."

A) Personalismo
B) Confianza
C) Amabilidad
D) Amistad

Question 19

Though acculturative stress can impact many U.S. Latina/os, __________ are most likely to experience acculturative stress.

A) Mexican Americans
B) first-generation U.S. Latinas/os
C) Cuban Americans
D) second-generation U.S. Latinas/os

Question 20

One of the more alarming aspects of acculturative stress is that

A) it denies those who suffer from it to secure jobs.
B) it prevents individuals from becoming resilient.
C) U.S. Latinas/os can continue to suffer from it as they continue to acculturate.
D) it leads most people to forget about their native language and customs.

Question 21

__________ would be considered a "grief and loss" concern for U.S. Latinas/os.

A) Missing loved ones back in their country of origin
B) Fear of future generations losing their Latina/o heritage
C) Feelings associated with isolation and loneliness
D) All of the above.

Question 22

__________ approaches to counseling appear most effective for U.S. Latinas/os.

A) Person-centered
B) Psychodynamic
C) Cognitive-behavioral
D) Existential

Question 23

__________ are important factors to consider when counseling U.S. Latina/o children.

A) Age and religious affiliation
B) Gender and birth order
C) Age and country of birth
D) National heritage and cognitive development

Question 24

Counselors are particularly encouraged to account for the influence of the __________ system on adolescent U.S. Latina/o clients.

A) political
B) justice/criminal
C) educational
D) social class

Question 25

Eco-maps would be formally considered a type of

A) genogram.
B) confianza-building exercise.
C) familismo assessment.
D) cognitive-behavioral therapy technique.

Question 26

__________ compose the largest sub-population of Latinas/os living in the United States.

A) Mexicans
B) Cubans
C) El Savadorans
D) Puerto Ricans

Question 27

__________ is used by the U.S. Census Bureau to refer to individuals of Latin descent.

A) Latina/o
B) Hispanic
C) Hispanic American
D) Spanish-American

Question 28

With regard to personal earnings, on average __________ have the lowest personal earnings.

A) African Americans
B) Asian and Asian Americans
C) Latinas/os
D) Non-Latina/o Whites

Question 29

In the past, __________ have been granted refugee status by the U.S. State Department.

A) Mexicans and Central Americans
B) Cubans and Mexicans
C) Cubans and Central Americans
D) Puerto Ricans and Cubans

Question 30

The fourth-largest group of Latinas/os living in the U.S. are

A) Colombians.
B) El Salvadorans.
C) Nicaraguans.
D) Venezuelans.

Question 31

Which of the following shared Latin cultural values can be credited with "helping promote a sense of understanding and community between U.S. Latinas/os from different countries of origin?"

A) Being immigrants
B) Language
C) Religion
D) Resiliency

Question 32

About __________ of Latinas/os living in the United States are Catholic.

A) 67.6%
B) 76.7%
C) 89.9%
D) 98.9%

Question 33

The concept of marianismo means that women are

A) willing to sacrifice their betterment for that of their children.
B) being submissive to their husbands.
C) disempowered to speak for themselves.
D) good role models for their sons regarding how women should act.

Question 34

__________ entails "a certain level of automatic respect for older generations, including those older adults who remained in their country of origin."

A) Machismo
B) Gender Roles
C) Familismo
D) Confiazna

Question 35

Immigrants who are granted temporary legal status upon being classified as "refugees" are eligible for permanent legal status upon

A) residing in the United States for 1 year.
B) residing in the United States for 1 year without getting in legal trouble.
C) residing in the United States for 2 years without getting in legal trouble.
D) Refugees are not eligible for permanent legal status.

Question 36

Individuals who were born in the United States to foreign-born parents are considered

A) first-generation immigrants.
B) second-generation immigrants.
C) third-generation immigrants.
D) fourth-generation immigrants.

Question 37

__________ is synonymous with "the internal psychological reaction to balancing the strains of learning about a new culture while longing for the familiarity of one's previous surroundings."

A) Acculturative stress
B) Assimilative stress
C) Adjustment stress
D) Accommodative stress

Question 38

__________ involves the use of fairy tales in Spanish for helping children grasp counseling ideas.

A) Cuento therapy
B) Biblio-Cuento therapy
C) Cuento analysis
D) Cuento assessment

Question 39

Which of the following issues should counselors be aware of when working with Latina/o teens?

A) Difficulty with reconciling bicultural status.
B) Limited exposure to culturally related extracurricular school activities.
C) Limited exposure to various career opportunities and career role models.
D) All of the above.

Question 40

Group work may be difficult with Latinas/os because

A) it is difficult to get too many Latinas/os to agree on a meeting time.
B) Latinos/as do not trust the counseling process.
C) Latinos/as are afraid of gossiping in the group and have issues with confidentiality.
D) the heterogeneity of this cultural group may make it difficult to establish universality in some instances.

Question 41

Eco-maps can be used as

A) visual depictions of the systems that influence an individual's world.
B) verbal representations of factors that impact one's wellness.
C) oral stories of social and historical contexts influencing one's decisions.
D) historical accounts of familial effects on socio-economic status.

Question 42

Which of the following contribute to issues of low socio-economic status in Latinas/os?

A) Sending remittances to family members in their native countries.
B) Legal residency status.
C) Low college enrollment rates.
D) All of the above.

Question 43

U.S. Latinos/as are more likely to turn to a ______ in a time of emotional difficulty than a counselor or other mental health expert.

A) priest
B) minister
C) curandero (healing man)
D) All of the above

Question 44

________ refers to warmth, affection, concern about others, and positive regard for those close to an individual.

A) Confianza
B) Personalismo
C) Familismo
D) Machismo

Question 45

The concept of ______, or being a gentleman, promotes a more pro-social type of masculinity for adolescent Latinos.

A) machismo
B) marianismo
C) caballerismo
D) personalismo

Question 46

Describe the impact of personalismo and confianza on the counseling relationship, and particularly any personal difficulties you would have with these concepts as they relate to your own theoretical orientation.

Question 47

Why is it important for counselors to be "self-aware" when it comes to counseling U.S. Latinas/os? Pay close attention to personal issues of countertransference, perhaps as it relates to your personal feelings regarding illegal immigration and the acculturation of U.S. immigrants.

Question 48

Discuss counseling considerations for working with U.S. Latina/o children, and describe at least one counseling activity for this population.

Question 49

Discuss counseling considerations for working with U.S. Latina/o adolescents, and describe at least one counseling activity for this population.

Question 50

Discuss counseling considerations for working with U.S. Latina/o adults, and describe at least one counseling activity for this population.

Question 51

Describe how similarities and differences between U.S. Latina/o culture and your own culture may impact your current and future work with Latina/o clients.

Question 52

How might the immigration patterns and experiences of different U.S. Latina/o groups influence their reasons for seeking the assistance of a mental health specialist? And, how might the immigration pattern and experiences of your current and future U.S. Latina/o client affect the type of counseling theories and techniques you use with them?

Question 53

Describe the type of generational issues that may arise between younger U.S. Latina/o clients and their parents, grandparents, and older family members.

Question 54

What influence, impact, and lasting effects do you think Latin American history has on the current traditions, interests, and experiences of U.S. Latinas/os?

Question 55

Describe some of the more prevalent mental health issues of U.S. Latinas/os, and share how you might help a client deal with these issues.

Question 56

What is the purpose of understanding Latin American history with regard to counseling Hispanic/Latino clients in the United States?

Question 57

Explain how acculturative stress can affect the personal lives of Hispanic/Latino clients, and what "clues" does acculturative stress provide for possible concerns of Hispanic/Latino clients?

Question 58

Discuss marianismo and machismo and how these concepts might influence or affect the counseling relationship and/or counseling process.

Question 59

How do economic barriers manifest in the counseling concerns of Hispanic/Latino clients, and how might you, as a counselor, help the client deal with related issues?

Question 60

What might be some initial differences between the presenting problems of 2nd generation Hispanic/Latino immigrant clients versus 4th generation Hispanic/Latino immigrant clients?

Question 61

The Spanish language can serve as a bond between Hispanic/Latino clients of different nationalities. But might language serve as a barrier between a Hispanic/Latino client and a counselor, assuming the counselor does not speak Spanish? And how does the counselor address this lack of language fluency?

Question 62

How does a Hispanic/Latino client's immigration status influence the counseling process?

Question 63

How might you use Cuento Therapy with school-aged Hispanic/Latino clients, and how is this intervention different from bibliotherapy or narrative therapy approaches?

Question 64

According to the literature, what are some common counseling concerns to look for when working with Hispanic/Latino adolescents?