Deck 26: Reform and Rebellion in the Turbulent Sixties, 1960-1969

Question 1

Paul Cowan represented the views of many 1960s students who

A) opposed the concept of active government.
B) lost faith in the "American way."
C) felt government could make a positive difference.
D) deserted the military because of their disillusionment with the war.

Answer 1

felt government could make a positive difference.

Question 2

By 1960, most Americans tended to believe that the federal government should

A) abandon the philosophy on which the New Deal and Fair Deal had been based.
B) reduce its commitment to social welfare programs.
C) assume an active role in providing welfare benefits for the people.
D) radically reduce defense spending.

Answer 2

assume an active role in providing welfare benefits for the people.

Question 3

One of the chief obstacles John Kennedy had to overcome to win the election of 1960 was the fact that he was

A) a Quaker.
B) not photogenic.
C) divorced.
D) Roman Catholic.

Answer 3

Roman Catholic.

Question 4

John Kennedy

A) was the youngest man elected president.
B) won the election with a wide margin of the popular vote.
C) barely received enough electoral votes to win the election.
D) had little prior political experience.

Question 5

The inauguration of John Kennedy as president of the United States

A) brought vigorous leadership to the government.
B) meant that Washington social life became less glamorous.
C) meant the continuation of a presidential leadership style similar to Eisenhower's.
D) led to an administration dominated by Roman Catholic concepts.

Question 6

President Kennedy's New Frontier program

A) met resistance on several points.
B) enjoyed strong support from the Democrats in Congress.
C) had been strongly supported by the voters in the 1960 election.
D) provided many new socioeconomic opportunities for the American people.

Question 7

As president, Kennedy was able to win congressional support and funding for

A) medical care for the elderly.
B) aid to parochial schools.
C) a major urban renewal program.
D) the exploration of space.

Question 8

The Peace Corps was established in order to

A) send trained volunteers abroad to teach modern methods of birth control.
B) provide diplomatic assistance to end civil wars in developing countries.
C) help developing countries industrialize.
D) send dedicated Americans abroad to work with people at the grassroots level.

Question 9

As president, Kennedy

A) failed to enact any parts of the New Frontier.
B) realized modest success.
C) antagonized the youth.
D) altered the scope of federal power more than any previous president.

Question 10

During the 1960s, the civil rights movement in the United States

A) often employed civil disobedience, such as sit-ins, to achieve its goals.
B) was opposed by the NAACP.
C) became less violent.
D) caused few problems for American political leaders.

Question 11

When James Meredith tried to attend the University of Mississippi in 1962,

A) the state's governor supported his right to attend the university.
B) blacks decided to boycott the bus system in Oxford.
C) riots resulted.
D) the Supreme Court refused to support Meredith's admission.

Question 12

In his pursuit of black rights, Martin Luther King, Jr. was committed to

A) forming a black political party.
B) violent confrontation.
C) nonviolent protest.
D) a separatist movement for blacks.

Question 13

In November 1963, President Kennedy was assassinated while

A) attempting to undermine support for Vice President Johnson, who hoped to oppose him in the 1964 Democratic primary.
B) promoting his plans to invade Cuba.
C) on a political trip to help unite the Texas Democratic party.
D) en route to a vacation on Padre Island.

Question 14

Presidents Kennedy and Lyndon Johnson were similar in

A) their culture and sophistication.
B) crude and offensive personal manners.
C) ability to deal effectively with Congress.
D) aggressive use of presidential power.

Question 15

One of Lyndon Johnson's major goals as president was to

A) lessen the power of the executive branch in the political process.
B) slow down the pace of the civil rights movement.
C) secure the foundation of the welfare state.
D) reduce government involvement in the economy.

Question 16

Underlying Johnson's vision of a "Great Society" was

A) the desire to be reelected in 1960.
B) his belief that the Republicans would return to office in 1964.
C) his opposition to Kennedy's legislative programs.
D) the most extensive reform program in U.S. history.

Question 17

After he became president, Lyndon Johnson

A) failed to promote the interest of blacks.
B) demonstrated considerable charisma and charm.
C) refused to support any of Kennedy's programs.
D) proved effective in working with Congress.

Question 18

As part of his Great Society program, Lyndon Johnson

A) failed to demonstrate concern about poverty in the country.
B) called for a tax increase to pay for the social programs.
C) supported a medical assistance plan.
D) refused to support federal aid to education.

Question 19

As far as his legislative program was concerned, President Lyndon Johnson

A) showed little interest in the needs of the poor.
B) was unable to get Congress to approve any important measures.
C) failed to obtain congressional approval for Medicare.
D) obtained congressional approval for his educational proposals.

Question 20

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 did all of the following EXCEPT

A) protect the right to vote.
B) fail to eliminate discrimination.
C) outlaw racial discrimination in public accommodations.
D) prohibit discriminatory hiring practices in firms with more than 25 employees.

Question 21

A spokesman for the more militant blacks during the 1960s was

A) Malcolm X.
B) Marcus Garvey.
C) Booker T. Washington.
D) Martin Luther King, Jr.

Question 22

What problems did President Johnson's Great Society suffer from?

A) Some programs promised too much.
B) Many programs were under funded.
C) Political factionalism divided objectives.
D) All of the above.

Question 23

Why did the Bay of Pigs invasion result in disaster for the United States?

A) Castro held off troops coming ashore.
B) An air strike failed to destroy Cuban air power.
C) The Americans mistakenly assumed the Cuban people would rise up against Castro during the attack.
D) All of the above.

Question 24

After learning of missiles in Cuba, Kennedy imposed

A) martial law.
B) a blockade.
C) a quarantine.
D) economic sanctions.

Question 25

In 1965, Johnson dispatched 20,000 troops to the Latin American nation of

A) Mexico.
B) the Dominican Republic.
C) Cuba.
D) Panama.

Question 26

During the Six-Day war, Israel defeated

A) the Soviet Union.
B) Egypt.
C) Saudi Arabia.
D) Poland.

Question 27

Which of the following presidents is responsible for initially escalating the Vietnam War?

A) John F. Kennedy
B) Dwight D. Eisenhower
C) Harry Truman
D) Franklin D. Roosevelt

Question 28

With U.S. assistance, the South Vietnamese military assassinated President

A) Ho Chi Minh.
B) Nguyen Kao Ky.
C) Diem.
D) Viet Cong.

Question 29

The United States in 1964 charged that North Vietnam had attacked American destroyers in the

A) Gulf of Mexico.
B) Gulf of Tonkin.
C) Gulf of St. Lawrence.
D) China Sea.

Question 30

In 1962, Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) issued the

A) Declaration of Sentiments.
B) Communist Manifesto.
C) Port Huron Statement.
D) White Paper.

Question 31

One of the most prominent Americans to resist the draft was

A) George Bush.
B) Muhammad Ali.
C) John McCain.
D) Ronald Reagan.

Question 32

In the election of 1960 voters divided very evenly between the two major presidential candidates.

Question 33

During his administration, President Kennedy's relations with the major corporations of the country were very cordial.

Question 34

The SNCC advocated using violence in pursuing civil rights.

Question 35

During the presidency of Lyndon Johnson, for the first time in American history the federal government developed a program specifically designed to end poverty in the United States.

Question 36

Critics of the Great Society program came from across the political spectrum.

Question 37

The Tet Offensive eroded the confidence of the American working and middle class during the Vietnam War.

Question 38

Members of the baby-boom generation occupied the forefront of the protest movement against the Vietnam War.

Question 39

By the 1960s, college enrollment had plummeted compared to the 1940s.

Question 40

The Free Speech movement was born at the University of Mississippi in 1964.

Question 41

The first anti-war teach-in took place at the University of Michigan in 1965.

Question 42

Discuss President Kennedy's leadership style and evaluate his success in achieving the goals of his New Frontier program before his assassination.

Question 43

Discuss President Lyndon Johnson's leadership style and evaluate the success of his Great Society programs.

Question 44

Pretend that you are preparing a television documentary about the civil rights movement during the 1960s. What events would you show? Who would you interview or discuss?

Question 45

Suppose you were a militant black during the 1960s. What organizations would you most likely support and which civil rights leaders would you most likely admire? Explain your answer.

Question 46

Discuss the philosophical position of the majority of the Supreme Court during the 1960s and list the most significant cases decided by the Court involving civil rights and civil liberties.

Question 47

Discuss President Kennedy's foreign policy with respect to Cuba and show how it led to confrontation with the Soviet Union.

Question 48

Discuss the major reasons for the development of the student movement during the 1960s and describe the chief ways in which the participants in the movement expressed their objectives.

Question 49

As a member of the counterculture of American young people during the 1960s, explain what your values and principles would probably have been and which literary and artistic works would have influenced you.

Question 50

The most important medium in determining the outcome of the election of 1960 was ________.

Question 51

President Kennedy established the ________ to send men and women overseas to help developing countries achieve their economic and social goals.

Question 52

Police turned high-pressure hoses and dogs against black protesters in ________, Alabama in 1963.

Question 53

The Republican presidential candidate in the election of 1964 was ________.

Question 54

In his effort to eliminate poverty in the United States, President Lyndon Johnson encouraged Congress to pass the ________ Act of 1964.

Question 55

The ________ dealt the Great Society a fatal blow.

Question 56

The nationalist ________ helped to overthrow a dictatorial regime in Cuba in 1959.

Question 57

The _______________ was one organization in the United States that attempted to halt communism in Cuba.

Question 58

President Kennedy met with Soviet leader ________ in Vienna to calm tensions over Berlin in 1961.

Question 59

The U.S.S.R. responded to tensions over Berlin by creating a(n) ________ that sealed off its section of the city.

Question 60

The leader of South Vietnam during the Johnson administration was ________.