Deck 20: The Great War

Question 1

The event that caused the outbreak of war in Europe in 1914 was

A) France's invasion of Belgium.
B) the sinking of the Lusitania.
C) the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand.
D) England's attack on Italy.

Answer 1

the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand.

Question 2

In 1914, the general American reaction to the outbreak of war in Europe was

A) a strong desire to declare war against England.
B) complete neutrality of mind and action as President Wilson requested.
C) relief that the United States was uninvolved.
D) a strong desire to fight Germany.

Answer 2

relief that the United States was uninvolved.

Question 3

At the beginning of World War I, President Wilson

A) advocated an American alliance with England.
B) expressed support for a German victory.
C) declared a policy of neutrality.
D) recommended that the United States stop trading with the belligerent countries.

Answer 3

declared a policy of neutrality.

Question 4

Many of the young men in the United States who eagerly sought to participate in the Great War perceived it as

A) dull.
B) an unpleasant burden that they must perform for their country.
C) horrible.
D) romantic.

Question 5

During World War I, Germany attempted to resist the British blockade of the sea routes to Germany by

A) attacking British ships from German aircraft carriers.
B) building a fleet larger than the British navy.
C) employing the use of submarines.
D) firing rockets.

Question 6

The adviser who recommended prohibiting Americans from traveling on belligerent ships was

A) William Jennings Bryan.
B) Walter Hines Page.
C) Edward M. House.
D) Robert Lansing.

Question 7

The shift in American public opinion in favor of an Allied victory in World War I occurred when

A) Austria attacked Serbia.
B) Wilson was reelected in 1916.
C) Germany attacked England.
D) Germany sank the Lusitania.

Question 8

In dealing with the relations between Mexico and the United States, President Wilson

A) recognized the Huerta government.
B) gave in to Mexican demands.
C) improved Mexican-American relations by implementing his idealistic principles.
D) showed little concern for the interests of the Mexican people.

Question 9

Important in creating an atmosphere favorable for the United States' entry into World War I was

A) Germany's refusal to trade with the United States.
B) the de Lôme letter.
C) England's resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare.
D) the Zimmermann note.

Question 10

Important in the United States's decision to enter World War I was

A) the pro-German bias of Wilson's advisers.
B) increasing trade with Germany.
C) refusal of the English to borrow money from the United States.
D) the sinking of five ships in March 1917 by German submarines.

Question 11

In terms of its effect on domestic affairs in the United States, World War I resulted in

A) an unfavorable governmental attitude toward labor.
B) a decrease in governmental control over the economy.
C) restrictions on freedom of speech.
D) an enthusiasm for things German.

Question 12

The selective service system implemented by the Wilson administration

A) failed to provide sufficient recruits for the U.S. military effort in Europe.
B) led to massive riots against the draft.
C) was headed by Theodore Roosevelt.
D) allowed some young men to avoid military service.

Question 13

According to information collected by the U.S. government, American soldiers who served in World War I

A) were generally poorly educated and unsophisticated.
B) were almost all over six feet tall.
C) came primarily from urban rather than rural areas.
D) almost all had a high-school education.

Question 14

During World War I, American women

A) were prohibited from serving in the military.
B) engaged primarily in support service for male soldiers.
C) engaged in combat service along with men.
D) were not allowed to serve as nurses because of the fear that they might become involved in battle.

Question 15

When the United States entered World War I, black leader W.E.B. Du Bois

A) suggested that blacks not register for military service.
B) volunteered to lead a black regiment in the war.
C) condemned American involvement.
D) urged blacks to support the war.

Question 16

During World War I, the black soldier

A) was condemned by W.E.B. Du Bois for participating in the war.
B) refused to fight under French leaders.
C) proved to be superior to the white soldier.
D) typically worked as a stevedore, laborer, or driver.

Question 17

By the time that the United States decided to enter World War I,

A) the Germans had overrun France and were preparing to invade Britain.
B) the British and French had essentially defeated the Germans.
C) fighting in western Europe had become a bloody stalemate.
D) the Italians had defeated the Russians.

Question 18

American soldiers who participated in World War I

A) except for blacks, served in separate units under American commanders.
B) because of their inexperience, failed to contribute significantly to the military effort.
C) were distributed among allied troops under European commanders.
D) served largely as service personnel to European combat soldiers.

Question 19

During World War I, American troops

A) did not participate in any significant battles.
B) were extremely well organized.
C) helped repel the all-out offensive Germany launched in 1918.
D) fought very poorly in general.

Question 20

In financing American involvement in World War I, the Wilson administration

A) did little to involve the average citizen directly.
B) refused to increase taxes.
C) adopted the approach Secretary of the Treasury Salmon P. Chase had used in financing the Civil War.
D) increased taxes and borrowing.

Question 21

One important impact of World War I on American society was

A) encouragement of progressive reforms.
B) to turn the United States into a debtor nation.
C) its influence on children.
D) an increase in federal power.

Question 22

In its effort to mobilize the American economy for the war effort during World War I, the Wilson administration

A) issued rationing stamps to limit food consumption.
B) quickly increased the construction of battleships.
C) failed to recognize the importance of women as consumers.
D) used the power of the government to control scarce materials.

Question 23

The labor policy of the Wilson administration during World War I

A) showed little concern for the working conditions of women and children.
B) sought to protect and extend the rights of organized labor.
C) declared the American Federation of Labor illegal.
D) staunchly opposed efforts to unionize American workers.

Question 24

During World War I, women in the United States

A) made few significant contributions to the war effort.
B) demonstrated that they were unable to assume most of the jobs traditionally occupied by men.
C) served in combat.
D) found new employment opportunities.

Question 25

During World War I, social justice progressives in the United States

A) found no government support for their policies.
B) failed to achieve legislation restricting alcohol consumption and prostitution near military bases.
C) endorsed all aspects of the Wilson war policies.
D) criticized the government's restriction on freedom of speech.

Question 26

By 1918, those who opposed the woman suffrage movement

A) argued that it would defeminize women.
B) argued that it would interfere with the war effort.
C) were led by Carrie Chapman Catt.
D) included President Woodrow Wilson.

Question 27

Wilson based his plan for peace among the warring nations on

A) the Fourteen Points.
B) American support for a Russian invasion of Germany.
C) the 10-Percent Plan.
D) unconditional surrender by Germany.

Question 28

President Wilson led the American delegation to the negotiations in Paris in 1918

A) because he considered Secretary of State Lansing incompetent.
B) to reassure Henry Cabot Lodge that American interests would be protected at the conference.
C) accompanied by the secretary of state, technical experts, and other advisers.
D) at the insistence of the Senate.

Question 29

How did President Woodrow Wilson view Henry Cabot Lodge?

A) He admired him.
B) He hated him.
C) He was jealous of him.
D) He befriended him.

Question 30

How did ordinary Europeans view Wilson when he arrived in Europe?

A) They cheered enthusiastically for him.
B) They pelted him with eggs and rocks.
C) They ignored him.
D) They remained neutral in their opinion of Wilson.

Question 31

What did Wilson mean by his use of the term "self-determination"?

A) Americans could dictate the international political order.
B) Europeans should dictate the international political order.
C) Each national group should have its own country, and people should decide in which country they wanted to live.
D) People should live in nations based on decisions made in Africa.

Question 32

Which of the following new countries were created as part of the peace process of World War I?

A) Poland
B) Czechoslovakia
C) Finland
D) All of the above.

Question 33

Which of the following movements did President Wilson particularly fear after World War I?

A) capitalism
B) Bolshevism
C) woman suffrage
D) self-determination

Question 34

Which of the following was a major mistake of Wilson's and other Allied leaders during the peace process?

A) the exclusion of Soviet Russia
B) the inclusion of France
C) the inclusion of England
D) the inclusion of American congressmen

Question 35

What were the major concessions that Wilson had to give up at the Versailles peace conference?

A) He agreed that Germany should pay high reparations.
B) He agreed to a mandate system of French and British takeover of German colonies.
C) He agreed that Germany would lose its oil and coal-rich regions.
D) All of the above.

Question 36

What were the actions of the black leader W.E.B. Du Bois during the Versailles peace conference?

A) He was in Paris, France, to attend the Pan-African Conference.
B) He supported a Japanese resolution at the Versailles conference that called for global racial equality.
C) He made statements opposing colonialism.
D) All of the above.

Question 37

All of the following are true regarding the U.S. and Japanese mission to Russia in 1919 EXCEPT the

A) governments sent a military mission to defeat Bolshevism.
B) Russians never forgot the invasion.
C) United States and Japan wanted to create a moderate state.
D) widespread fighting took place between Russia and the two nations.

Question 38

Which of the following articles of the Versailles treaty did Wilson refuse to compromise with the U.S. Senate?

A) Article 10
B) Article 11
C) Article 12
D) Article 13

Question 39

In his dealings with the Latin American countries, President Wilson essentially reversed the policies that Theodore Roosevelt had applied to those countries.

Question 40

Throughout his administration, President Wilson steadfastly adhered to the principles of the New Freedom that he had enunciated during the campaign of 1912.

Question 41

In January 1917, the German government attempted to get the United States to help negotiate a peace settlement with its enemies.

Question 42

President Woodrow Wilson, regarding the Treaty of Versailles, was more naïve and idealistic than his European counterparts.

Question 43

German feelings of betrayal at the aftermath of World War I would have terrible repercussions over the next three decades.

Question 44

Wilson successfully achieved freedom of the seas and the collapse of trade barriers during the Versailles peace conference.

Question 45

Hate and intolerance were long-term legacies of the Versailles peace conference and treaty.

Question 46

During his stump tour of the nation to convince the American people of the importance of the Versailles treaty, Wilson was received with criticism, jeers, and protests.

Question 47

For the final year and a half of his term, Wilson was incapacitated by a stroke.

Question 48

The suffrage victory of women started a feminist reform movement that made major and immediate gains.

Question 49

Discuss the reasons why the U.S. government announced a policy of neutrality at the outbreak of war in Europe in 1914, as well as the difficulties the United States had in maintaining such a policy prior to its entry into the war in 1917.

Question 50

Discuss the factors that motivated American foreign policy in Latin America during the Wilson administration and evaluate the success of that policy in dealing with Mexico.

Question 51

Discuss the approach of the American government in promoting support for American involvement in World War I among its citizens and evaluate the impact of these policies on the activities of the American people.

Question 52

Suppose you were a typical white American soldier during World War I. Describe your characteristics and the experiences you probably would have had while fighting in Europe.

Question 53

Suppose you were a black American soldier fighting in Europe during World War I. Describe your military experiences while over there.

Question 54

Discuss the activities of the government in mobilizing the American economy after the United States entered World War I.

Question 55

Discuss how progressives attempted to promote their philosophy during World War I.

Question 56

Discuss President Woodrow Wilson's role in drafting the Treaty of Paris at the end of World War I.

Question 57

Discuss the factors that brought about the failure of the United States to ratify the Treaty of Versailles.

Question 58

In 1913, President Wilson complicated relations between the United States and ________ when he attempted to remove what he called a "government of butchers" in that country.

Question 59

In 1916 Wilson ordered ________ to lead an expeditionary force into northern Mexico.

Question 60

The typical American soldier had attended ________before entering the war.

Question 61

African American men fought in the war in ________ units.

Question 62

The ________ Act of 1917 boosted the tax rate sharply to finance the American war effort.

Question 63

A race riot between black soldiers and white civilians during the war took place in________Texas, in 1917.

Question 64

By the spring of 1918, the nation of ________had left the war.