Deck 18: Becoming a World Power

Question 1

While the United States Senate debated whether to ratify the Treaty of Paris, American soldiers in the Philippines

A) maintained a tense truce with the Filipino soldiers.
B) helped establish a Filipino-controlled government in the islands.
C) were being quietly withdrawn from the islands.
D) helped the Filipinos celebrate the expulsion of the Spanish from the islands.

Answer 1

maintained a tense truce with the Filipino soldiers.

Question 2

Nineteenth-century Americans tended to believe that in world affairs the United States

A) should support the establishment of the League of Nations.
B) had a special mission.
C) should remain totally isolated.
D) should commit itself to maintaining world order.

Answer 2

had a special mission.

Question 3

During the first 50 years after independence, American foreign policy was concerned primarily with

A) trans-Atlantic commercial trade.
B) imperialism.
C) continental expansion.
D) national armament.

Answer 3

continental expansion.

Question 4

As part of his foreign policy goals, President Grant

A) rejected the Monroe Doctrine.
B) opposed Congress's attempts to extend U.S. influence into Latin America.
C) defended the principle of self-determination.
D) attempted to annex Santo Domingo.

Question 5

As a factor in its foreign policy during the late nineteenth century, the United States

A) showed little interest in acquiring territory in the Pacific Ocean region.
B) drove Great Britain and Germany out of Pago Pago.
C) renounced interest in building a canal across Central America.
D) indicated its interest in building an American-controlled canal in Nicaragua.

Question 6

The annexation of Hawaii to the United States was

A) opposed by President Harrison.
B) opposed by President Cleveland.
C) supported by Queen Liliuokalani.
D) supported by President Cleveland.

Question 7

In the Venezuela boundary dispute, the United States

A) attempted to colonize Venezuela.
B) invoked the Monroe Doctrine.
C) disapproved of the Olney Corollary.
D) sided with Great Britain.

Question 8

In world affairs, by 1895, the United States had

A) an army smaller than Bulgaria's.
B) developed a consistent foreign policy for enlarging its role as a world leader.
C) a highly professional diplomatic corps.
D) one of the larger navies in the world.

Question 9

The historian who developed the thesis that "the dominant fact in American life has been expansion" was

A) Frederick J. Turner.
B) Alfred T. Mahan.
C) Gary B. Nash.
D) Josiah Strong.

Question 10

An important factor in promoting the shift in American foreign policy after the Civil War was

A) France's invasion of Mexico.
B) support for Secretary of State Seward's expansionist policy.
C) the search for markets for American products.
D) Great Britain's refusal to pay the Alabama claims.

Question 11

An increase in American international commerce during the late nineteenth century necessitated a

A) devaluation of the dollar.
B) decrease in government spending.
C) strong navy.
D) policy of isolation.

Question 12

One of the factors that promoted America's search for new markets between 1865 and 1900 was

A) industrial and agricultural overproduction.
B) an increase in domestic consumption.
C) a decline in American industrial production because of the depression of 1893.
D) a decline in demand for American goods abroad.

Question 13

During the 1890s, a group of men led by Theodore Roosevelt and Henry Cabot Lodge

A) opposed American expansion outside the western hemisphere.
B) endorsed Bryan's anti-imperialistic concepts.
C) promoted a highly nationalistic foreign policy for the United States.
D) endorsed a policy of "continentalism."

Question 14

A major advocate for achieving national power through naval supremacy was

A) Josiah Strong.
B) William Jennings Bryan.
C) Alfred T. Mahan.
D) John Dewey.

Question 15

Between the Civil War and the Spanish-American War, an important aspect of the missionary impulse in American foreign policy was

A) a belief in the superiority of the Anglo-Saxon race.
B) opposition to missionary interference in native cultures.
C) a belief that each country had a right to develop its institutions as it saw fit.
D) strict adherence to the Christian concept that all people are equal in the sight of God.

Question 16

A favorite target of Christian missionaries in the late nineteenth century was

A) Europe.
B) China.
C) Canada.
D) Latin America.

Question 17

An important new factor that influenced American foreign policy after 1865 was

A) the inflationary economic conditions in the United States between 1865 and 1900.
B) a reduction in world trade.
C) public opinion.
D) the discovery of gold in California.

Question 18

A fundamental cause of the Spanish-American War was

A) the American public's concern for the Cuban people.
B) Theodore Roosevelt's actions as assistant secretary of the navy.
C) publication of the de Lôme letter by Mexico.
D) the heroic actions of the Cuban rebels.
E) the role of France in Cuba.

Question 19

An important event influencing the U.S. decision to declare war with Spain in 1898 was the

A) sinking of the battleship Maine.
B) Zimmermann Note.
C) Democratic victory in the mid-term election of 1898.
D) Republican defeat in the election of 1896.
E) sinking of the luxury liner Lusitania.

Question 20

Theodore Roosevelt's attitude concerning war with Spain in 1898 was to

A) advise McKinley to avoid war at all costs.
B) urge caution in U.S. relations with Spain.
C) promote war with Spain.
D) rescind the secretary of navy's message ordering Admiral Dewey to sail his fleet to the Philippine Islands.

Question 21

During the Spanish-American War, the United States

A) attacked Japan.
B) defeated Spain relatively easily.
C) faced a major military challenge.
D) lost most of the battles against the Spanish navy.

Question 22

American acquisition of the colonies after the Spanish-American War

A) was opposed by President McKinley for racist reasons.
B) led to considerable controversy over the policy.
C) rested on purely idealistic motives.
D) faced little opposition among Americans.

Question 23

The major argument used by those opposed to the annexation of the Philippines was that

A) it was un-Christian to have colonies.
B) it would retard America's economic growth.
C) the Filipinos did not want American rule.
D) it contradicted American ideals.

Question 24

Acquisition of the Philippine Islands by the United States

A) encountered little opposition in the United States Senate.
B) resulted in immediate independence for the islands.
C) was generally supported by the Filipinos.
D) led to guerrilla warfare against American control.

Question 25

In the "insular cases," the Supreme Court determined that

A) Congress had no right to restrict the freedom of any group controlled by the United States.
B) Congress could treat some people under American control differently than it treated others.
C) Hawaiians and Puerto Ricans would enjoy the full rights of American citizenship, but not Filipinos.
D) all people living under American control would enjoy the same rights and privileges.

Question 26

Which of the following nations forced treaties on China in the late 1800s?

A) Britain
B) France
C) Germany
D) All of the above.

Question 27

Which of the following does NOT characterize U.S. views of the Chinese people in 1900?

A) immoral
B) generous
C) backward
D) exotic

Question 28

Which of the following does NOT characterize Chinese views of the United States in 1900?

A) disdain
B) curiosity
C) a place of racial equality
D) suspicion

Question 29

The second note of Secretary of State Hay's Open Door policy with China addressed

A) Japan's invasion of China.
B) Russian movement into Manchuria.
C) German movement into Poland.
D) British movement into Australia.

Question 30

All of the following statements describe the relationship between the United States and Germany EXCEPT:

A) Roosevelt attempted to make the German leadership think that the United States supported Germany.
B) The Kaiser thought that Roosevelt was pro-German.
C) The United States was alarmed over growing German power across the globe.
D) The two nations went to war over Mexico in 1900.

Question 31

In 1914, relations between Germany and Great Britain led to

A) World War I.
B) World War II.
C) the Venezuelan crisis.
D) a 10-year peace.

Question 32

Which of these American presidents later pursued a Roosevelt-like policy of intervention in Latin America?

A) Ronald Reagan
B) George Herbert Walker Bush
C) George W. Bush
D) All of the above.

Question 33

In 1906, the United States intervened in which two of the following nations in Latin America?

A) Mexico and El Salvador
B) Guatemala and Nicaragua
C) Costa Rica and Chile
D) Venezuela and Peru

Question 34

Until 1902, the United States kept Cuba under a

A) military governor.
B) naval blockade.
C) reservation system.
D) communist system.

Question 35

Throughout its history, the United States has tried to influence other countries by passively and patiently setting a good example for them.

Question 36

As part of his expansionist program, Secretary of State Seward purchased Alaska from Russia.

Question 37

White sugar planters, with the help of U.S. gunboats and marines, staged a coup against Hawaii's Queen Lilioukalani in 1893.

Question 38

During the depression of the 1890s, American manufacturing production steadily increased.

Question 39

Throughout the nineteenth century, American relations with China were restricted to minor but profitable trade.

Question 40

The United States annexed Hawaii in 1898, and the Philippines in 1899.

Question 41

Barriers and riots fully prevented the Chinese from immigrating to the United States.

Question 42

In 1905, Chinese nationalists at home rioted and demanded a more just U.S. immigration policy.

Question 43

A rivalry developed between Japan and the United States over Cuba.

Question 44

In 1904, the Japanese began the Russo-Japanese war that resulted in victory against Russia.

Question 45

In the Root-Takahira Agreement of 1908, the United States received reassurances from Japan of American control of the Philippines.

Question 46

Roosevelt made friendship with Spain a cornerstone of U.S. foreign policy.

Question 47

While the United States fought a colonial war in the Philippines, Great Britain fought a colonial war in southern Africa.

Question 48

Discuss the concept of the United States as a model society for other countries and explain how that concept affected American foreign policy in the late nineteenth century.

Question 49

Discuss American efforts to expand into the Pacific Ocean area prior to the outbreak of the Spanish-American War.

Question 50

Explain how profits, piety, and politics affected American foreign policy in the late nineteenth century.

Question 51

Discuss the philosophy of those individuals who, in the late nineteenth century, believed that the United States should seek national glory and greatness in world affairs.

Question 52

Discuss the factors that led to the U.S. decision to declare war against Spain in 1898.

Question 53

Contrast the arguments of those individuals who supported U.S. control of the Philippine Islands after the end of the Spanish-American War with the arguments of those who opposed American acquisition of the Philippines.

Question 54

Discuss the issue of imperialism as a factor in the election of 1900 and explain the policy that the United States eventually adopted for governing the territories it controlled outside the limits of the continental United States.

Question 55

Discuss the basic ideas that influenced Theodore Roosevelt's foreign policy philosophy.

Question 56

Discuss the major developments in U.S. relations with the Latin American countries during the Theodore Roosevelt administration.

Question 57

Discuss U.S. relations with Japan and Europe during the Theodore Roosevelt administration.

Question 58

Evaluate the usefulness of political cartoons as historical sources, from cartoons of "Boss" Tweed to Theodore Roosevelt.

Question 59

The person who led the insurrection against American control of the Philippines was ________.

Question 60

During the first year of the war in the Philippines, over ___________ civilians were killed by American forces.

Question 61

American critics of the war in the Philippines, known as ________, condemned wartime atrocities on Filipino civilians.

Question 62

The Philippines gained independence from American colonial control in the year ________.

Question 63

When President McKinley was assassinated in 1900, a total of ________ American presidents had been killed since 1860.

Question 64

In 1906, the United States invaded _______ and ________ in Central America.