Deck 10: How Do Counselors Promote Social Justice and Engage in Culturally Competent Counseling

Question 1

In order to be effective, counselors _____

A) Must not have any stereotypes about people
B) Must make deliberate and intentional decisions to understand and confront, and then work to eliminate the stereotypes they hold
C) Must come from environments and home situations that did not foster stereotypes when they were growing up
D) All of the above

Answer 1

Must make deliberate and intentional decisions to understand and confront, and then work to eliminate the stereotypes they hold

Question 2

The suggestions in the book to improve one's own cultural competence include all of the following EXCEPT _____

A) Seek exposure to other cultures through festivals and celebrations
B) Read books or scholarly articles about different cultures
C) Attend workshops or trainings that teach cultural competence
D) Watch television or Internet videos that include people from different cultures

Answer 2

Watch television or Internet videos that include people from different cultures

Question 3

In the U.S., the term "ethnicity" is used to describe _____

A) Two choices: White or Non-White
B) Two choices: Hispanic/Latino or Not Hispanic/Latino
C) Two choices: Born in the U.S. or Born Outside the U.S.
D) Four choices: White, Black, Asian, Other

Answer 3

Two choices: Hispanic/Latino or Not Hispanic/Latino

Question 4

Racial identity development models _____

A) Help people understand a general trajectory of the role of race in their lives
B) Help people select which race they prefer to identity with
C) Help people understand that their race does not define them
D) Help people categorize the different identities that define them

Question 5

The assumption that another person is straight, or seeing heterosexual as "the norm" is called _____

A) Identity confusion
B) Internalized homophobia
C) Heterosexism
D) Stigma

Question 6

Which of the following statements is/are true about minority groups and mental health? _____

A) There is a higher prevalence of mental disorders among African Americans than non-Hispanic White Americans
B) There is a higher prevalence of mental disorders among Hispanic Americans than among non-Hispanic White Americans
C) African Americans and Hispanic Americans are far less likely to receive outpatient mental health services than non-Hispanic White Americans
D) All of the above

Question 7

The Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies require counselors to actively engage in becoming culturally skilled counselors through these four major categories _____

A) Self-understanding, Understanding of client, Understanding the counseling relationship, Engaging in appropriate counseling and advocacy interventions
B) Individual counseling, group counseling, couples counseling, family counseling
C) Racial, gender, age, and religious understanding and awareness
D) Elimination of stereotypes, prejudice, stigma, and discrimination

Question 8

Which of these statements is most accurate when describing the religious/spiritual life of Americans? _____

A) More than half of all Americans say that they do not belong to any religious affiliation
B) More than half of all Americans self-identify as part of a religion other than Christianity
C) The religious/spiritual life of Americans can best be described as "diverse and extremely fluid."
D) Most Americans say they have left the religious faith of their childhood to practice a different religion

Question 9

The "Fourth Force" in Counseling is _____

A) Rogerian Counseling (Unconditional Positive Regard)
B) Technological Advances that allow counselors to reach out to others
C) Multiculturalism
D) Group Counseling

Question 10

Which of these statements is/are true when describing the role that Socio-economic Status plays in counseling? _____

A) Research has found extremely strong correlations between poverty and mental illness
B) Children from poor families tend to be less aggressive than their more economically advantaged peers. Because they are embarrassed about who they are, they tend to stay in the background.
C) The correlations between poverty and mental illness demonstrate that poverty causes mental illness
D) All of the above

Question 11

The Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies highlight the importance of all of the following EXCEPT _____

A) Understanding the complexity of diversity within the counseling relationship
B) Using the counselor's power to change the client's environment
C) Recognizing the powerful influence of oppression on mental health
D) Understanding people within the context of their environments

Question 12

According to the American Counseling Association (ACA) statistics, _____

A) Most ACA members are female and White/Caucasian
B) Most ACA members are male and White/Caucasian
C) There are far more Hispanic/Latino ACA members than any other racial/ethnic minority group
D) Demographic information is only available in White/Non-White categories, and records indicate that membership is about equally divided between these two groups

Question 13

The racial identity development models discussed in the chapter (White Racial Identity Development, Racial Minority Identity Development) have as the ultimate goal _____

A) Enmeshment (becoming enmeshed in one's own culture)
B) Integration (infusion of racial identity with all aspects of self-awareness)
C) Encounter (experiencing other cultures)
D) Emersion (pride in one's own culture and retreat from others)

Question 14

When counselors learn about different cultures and apply that information to their clients, they might make all of the following errors EXCEPT _____

A) Errors of ethnocentrism (assuming that the counselor's culture is the norm)
B) Errors of deduction (assuming that the attributes of the client match the overall attributes of the group)
C) Errors of homogeneity (assuming that there is no variability within a particular cultural group)
D) Errors of maximization (assuming that membership in a particular cultural group is the most important attribute of that client)

Question 15

In graduate programs in counseling, multicultural counseling/cultural diversity _____

A) Is often taught as a separate course as well as infused in the curriculum
B) One of the eight core areas required by CACREP
C) Typically includes both classroom and experiential approaches
D) All of the above

Question 16

Stereotypes are _____

A) Simplified and relatively fixed ways we have of making generalizations about groups of people
B) Often are used to justify prejudice or discrimination
C) Can be about both positive or negative attributions of the group
D) All of the above

Question 17

Which of the following is never assumed to be an appropriate goal for clients _____

A) Cultural acculturation
B) Cultural assimilation
C) Cultural awareness
D) Cultural identity development

Question 18

When compared to their heterosexual peers, LGBT teens _____

A) Are far more likely be in academically accelerated programs
B) Are far more likely to engage in sexual activity
C) Are far more likely to attempt suicide
D) All of the above

Question 19

Within the framework of the Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies, a counselor who seeks out specific information and facts about a client population with whom they are working would be operating to improve his/her cultural _____

A) Knowledge
B) Awareness
C) Skills
D) Relationships

Question 20

Labeling and categorizing is always an ineffective and inappropriate strategy to help people navigate the complexities of life.

Question 21

Prejudice is an attitude that often contributes to discrimination, which is a behavior.

Question 22

If counselors know that most Hispanics/Latinos believe family is extremely important and then use that information to assume that one of their Hispanic clients would never want to move away from family, they are making an error based on deduction.

Question 23

Persons who self-identify as a biological sex that is different from their own are called transsexuals.

Question 24

Research shows that individuals with disabilities face social stigma that can be as debilitating as the disability itself.

Question 25

The terms that we use (person with mental illness vs. the mentally ill) do not really have much effect on people's tolerance toward individuals with mental illness.

Question 26

Why is it important for counselors to understand themselves as cultural beings as part of their development of cultural competence?

Question 27

Discuss the concept of White Privilege. How can a counselor's status as a privileged individual in society affect the counseling relationship and process?

Question 28

Why is it important to be careful of the language that we use when we discuss mental illness and clients who have diagnosable disorders?

Question 29

Describe at least five different things you could do to enhance your cultural competence, and for each one, give specific reasons why this activity would be beneficial and how it would relate to your development as a counselor.

Question 30

Describe an assumption a counselor could make with a client that could be categorized as maximization and one that could be categorized as minimization. Compare and contrast the dangers of these implicit assumptions to the counseling relationship and counseling process.